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Recent research exploring aging women's realities in rural areas has revealed how gender norms, ageism, and isolation intertwine, impacting women's lives, health, and access to services. As disadvantages and exclusion increase with age, women encounter shrinking opportunities, reinforced stereotypes, and marginalization. Especially in remote Indonesian villages, aging women lack access to healthcare, income support, and basic services compared to urban counterparts. Drawing on in-depth, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with 35 aging rural women in Blitar Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia, this phenomenological study provides insights into the marginalization and deficient public services these women face, including worsening isolation, health issues, and instability. We found that elderly women's immersion in domestic duties makes them unaware of and unable to access important public services, such as healthcare and transportation, that could improve their situation. Though they are resilient in continuing unpaid work as their health worsens, the lack of personal time and energy due to these demanding home duties prevents access to services, including proper healthcare facilities and transportation to hospitals. Limited rural transportation and public transit further isolate immobile elderly women, constraining their access to urban health facilities and forcing reliance on family and neighbors to navigate the difficulties of getting healthcare. Though facing challenges accessing services, the women are still able to find empowerment through social groups and small-scale work that gives them pleasure. They prioritize wellness and contentment over formal employment, exhibiting resilience in self-empowering ways that enable them to address challenges. While their gender and age may reduce their dignity and agency, aging rural women can find self-empowerment by relying on each other and doing small acts of self-determination in their work. This essay explores diversities at the intersection of race, class, sexuality, and ability, thus providing nuance to inform those working in the realm of rural public services. Keywords: Intersectionality, Ageism, Aging women, Inequality, Public services, Rural communities, Healthcare access, Introduction Amid rapid economic development and urbanization, the plight of marginalized aging women in Indonesia's remote rural villages warrants urgent attention. Though integral to the social fabric as caregivers and [...]

This study aimed to see how students' motivation and understanding of the concept of Islamic religion in students in rural and urban areas. This research uses mixed-method research. Qualitative data will be supporting data for quantitative data. The sample of this study consisted of 87 students and eight teachers in urban and 99 students and eight teacher rural Islamic elementary school students with random sampling technique. Instrument in the study used a questionnaire for motivation with a Likert scale of 4 and a test for understanding the concept of Islam. In this study, there are two types of data analysis used, namely quantitative analysis using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and category), and inferential statistics (independent sample t-test) using the SPSS 21 application, for qualitative using reducing analysis, analyzing, and interpreting findings from Miles and Huberman. The findings of this study illustrated that motivation was good (M=2.88, SD=0.78) and understanding of student concepts (M=81, SD=0.77) was good too, but in rural areas are better than in urban areas. This finding has implications that the challenges of Islamic religion in urban areas are greater for students. The novelty in this study is the implicit finding of this study that external factors (school social environment, community social environment, family environment) have a major influence on motivation and understanding of Islamic religious concepts.

Abstract Background The exploration of cancer vaccines has yielded a multitude of studies, resulting in a diverse collection of information. The heterogeneity of cancer vaccine data significantly impedes effective integration and analysis. While CanVaxKB serves as a pioneering database for over 670 manually annotated cancer vaccines, it is important to distinguish that a database, on its own, does not offer the structured relationships and standardized definitions found in an ontology. Recognizing this, we expanded the Vaccine Ontology (VO) to include those cancer vaccines present in CanVaxKB that were not initially covered, enhancing VO’s capacity to systematically define and interrelate cancer vaccines. Results An ontology design pattern (ODP) was first developed and applied to semantically represent various cancer vaccines, capturing their associated entities and relations. By applying the ODP, we generated a cancer vaccine template in a tabular format and converted it into the RDF/OWL format for generation of cancer vaccine terms in the VO. ‘12MP vaccine’ was used as an example of cancer vaccines to demonstrate the application of the ODP. VO also reuses reference ontology terms to represent entities such as cancer diseases and vaccine hosts. Description Logic (DL) and SPARQL query scripts were developed and used to query for cancer vaccines based on different vaccine’s features and to demonstrate the versatility of the VO representation. Additionally, ontological modeling was applied to illustrate cancer vaccine related concepts and studies for in-depth cancer vaccine analysis. A cancer vaccine-specific VO view, referred to as “CVO,” was generated, and it contains 928 classes including 704 cancer vaccines. The CVO OWL file is publicly available on: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/vo/cvo.owl , for sharing and applications. Conclusion To facilitate the standardization, integration, and analysis of cancer vaccine data, we expanded the Vaccine Ontology (VO) to systematically model and represent cancer vaccines. We also developed a pipeline to automate the inclusion of cancer vaccines and associated terms in the VO. This not only enriches the data’s standardization and integration, but also leverages ontological modeling to deepen the analysis of cancer vaccine information, maximizing benefits for researchers and clinicians. Availability The VO-cancer GitHub website is: https://github.com/vaccineontology/VO/tree/master/CVO .

Indonesia semakin gencar melakukan persiapan transformasi digital dalam berbagai sektor, termasuk dalam bidang pendidikan. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah adalah dengan mengimplementasikan platform e-learning dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar hingga ke jenjang taman kanak-kanak. Metode pembelajaran visual pada taman kanak-kanak dapat diimplementasikan ke dalam e-learning yang lebih interaktif dan menarik dengan sistem Visual Question Answering (VQA). Sistem VQA dapat memberikan pertanyaan terkait dengan gambar yang ditampilkan dan mengecek kesesuaian jawaban dari siswa secara otomatis. Pada penelitian ini dibangun sistem VQA yang dapat menerima pertanyaan berbahasa Indonesia dan mengoreksi jawaban dalam bahasa Indonesia. Sistem dibangun dengan menggunakan model Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training (BLIP) untuk VQA dan model No Language Left Behind (NLLB) untuk penerjemahan. Uji coba dilakukan pada enam jenis jawaban yaitu ya/tidak, kata benda, kata kerja, kata sifat, kata keterangan, dan numeral. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat menjawab dengan nilai ketepatan 100 untuk jawaban ya/tidak, kata benda, kata kerja, dan numeral. Sementara untuk kata sifat dan kata keterangan masing-masing memiliki nilai ketepatan 62,5 dan 87,5.

AbstractThe often-neglected intersection between disaster and disability in disaster management initiatives perpetuates a disproportionate impact on people with disabilities, reinforcing existing barriers and eroding overall resilience. Through an exploration of personal perspectives among 17 people with socially determined, self-identified disabilities amidst Indonesia’s disaster landscapes, we seek insights on amplified risks but also resilience pathways carved through cumulative exposures. Despite infrastructure barriers exacerbating disaster anxieties, there was resilience exhibited by people supporting one another through wisdom gained from repeated exposures, thus countering their exclusion. Findings also reveal societal forces sustaining unequal marginalization through stigma, yet unexpectedly cultivating solidarity as disability groups unite amid crises. Herein lies an appeal to leverage currently overlooked capabilities by meaningfully engaging disabled experts with lived experience navigating exclusion to guide context-driven strategies that fill gaps when systems fall short. We thus respond to calls for inclusive paradigms championing priority-setting participation of people with disabilities in directing equitable resilience initiatives benefitting all. Looking ahead, at the intersection of disability and disaster, the stage is set for more participatory efforts that embed disabled individuals as leaders to champion inclusion and social justice in the face of intensifying risks as more equitable communities are built.

Natural hazards (NHs) associated with climate change have been increasing in frequency and intensity. These acute events impact humans both directly and through their effects on social and environmental determinants of health. Rather than relying on a fully reactive incident response disposition, it is crucial to ramp up preparedness initiatives for worsening case scenarios. In this perspective, we review the landscape of NH effects for human health and explore the potential of health informatics to address associated challenges, specifically from a preparedness angle. We outline important components in a health informatics agenda for hazard preparedness involving hazard-disease associations, social determinants of health, and hazard forecasting models, and call for novel methods to integrate them toward projecting healthcare needs in the wake of a hazard. We describe potential gaps and barriers in implementing these components and propose some high-level ideas to address them.

This research aims to examine the relationship between brand love and brand loyalty through brand trust in BHS brand sarongs. The sample in this study was 100 respondents, with a sampling technique using a non-probability sampling technique, with a purposive sampling technique, namely a technique for determining samples with certain considerations. The analysis method used is the SEM method with SmartPLS. The findings of this research are that brand love has a direct effect on brand loyalty and brand trust, while brand trust has no direct effect on brand loyalty. And brand trust is unable to mediate the relationship between brand love and brand loyalty. The conclusion in this research is that brand trust has no effect on brand loyalty, indicating that even though a brand has high trust, if it is not accompanied by the ability to buy, it is impossible to give birth to brand loyalty. The next finding is that high brand love will give birth to brand loyalty to a brand.

Purpose: It is premised in this study that quality of education is largely determined by the quality of teachers, which further depends upon their continuous professional development. This study aimed to determine the effect of professional development, innovative work and work commitment on quality of teacher learning among elementary school teachers in Indonesia. Method: The research sample comprised of 100 teachers of elementary schools sampled with the help of the Slovin formula. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data analysis was carried out by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the SmartPLS tool. Both measurement and structural models were calculated to understand the relationships between the variables of the study. Findings: The results of this study indicate that professional development had a significant positive effect on teachers' work commitment, and that work commitment affects the quality of teacher learning. It was further found that innovative work also affected the quality of learning. Implications for Research and Practice: It has been asserted in this study that professional development of teacher by improving work commitment and innovative work improved the quality of education and produced competitive quality human resources. This shows teachers and educational institutions can plan their strategies by taking the benefit of these findings. By making use of innovation, teachers can devise various learning models to help students achieve their learning goals.

This research aims to examine the relationship between the market share of sharia banks in Malaysia and Indonesia simultaneously as a function of profit sharing, number of offices, and Third-Party Funds (TPF), with Return on Assets (ROA) as an intermediary variable. Both countries have similarities in being a country with a Muslim majority population and implementing a dual banking system. The annual financial reports of Sharia banks in Indonesia and Malaysia from 2016–2021 are the secondary data source for this quantitative research. A technique called path analysis is used. According to research, there is no statistically significant relationship between TPF and market share. The market share of Sharia banks is strongly influenced by profit sharing. Market share is strongly influenced by the number of offices. The impact of TPF on ROA-based market share is not significant. ROA is the main mechanism by which profit sharing affects market share. Through the ROA of Sharia banks, the number of offices influences market share. If Sharia banks want to maximize income, grow their overall assets, and increase their market share, then Sharia banks must think about how to manage TPF more effectively and efficiently, based on the conclusions of this research.

This research aims to answer how the death penalty is regulated in the context of Islamic law and positive criminal law in Indonesia by parsing the challenges and implications. This type of research is conducted with a normative approach, namely by analysing the problem through an approach to legal principles and referring to legal norms contained in legislation. The results show that the death penalty in Islam triggers controversy, where the cons argue that the death penalty does not originate from the Qur'an and Al-Hadith, but is a derivative of the history of the prophet and the Arabs; they are also concerned about human intervention in its implementation so that it is considered not truly from God. On the other hand, the pro side argues that the death penalty is God's will without human intervention. Moreover, in positive criminal law, the death penalty is used to protect the fabric of life and is considered legitimate even though every individual has the right to life. Thus, the state is considered to protect its citizens from unlawful acts.

The brand is the manufacturer's public persona, a barometer of the company's public standing, and a watershed moment in the company's overall business strategy. There's no getting around the fact that a product's brand serves as its identity; after all, it's what sets one firm apart from another. The protection of registered marks, however, is sometimes the source of intricate legal challenges that obscure the mark's true significance. The purpose of this research is to evaluate and analyze the legal protection of registered trademarks and to determine the reason of the termination of its protection using a normative juridical approach. The research uncovered a number of potential triggers for a brand's registration to be revoked, such as the end of the brand's validity period, a request for revocation by the brand's owner, ministerial initiative based on the recommendation of the brand appeal Commission, or a lawsuit filed by a third party. Once the trademark is registered, it is protected for a certain length of time that may be extended. Legal action, criminal prosecution, and administrative measures like trademark cancellation or registration rejection all serve as deterrents. Defending corporate identities through trademarks is crucial in today's period of intense global competition. This study delves deeply into the value of brands to manufacturers and the legal hurdles that must be overcome to ensure a brand's long-term viability in a competitive market. With this knowledge in hand, company stakeholders may take the necessary initiatives to establish a brand that will endure. Protecting your name and your ideas are essential.

Human resources are very important assets for a company in supporting the achievement of goals, so it is a must and necessity for organizations to improve the ability and competence of employees through training and development. Training and development programs aim to ensure that employees acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, competencies, and attitudes to carry out tasks and achieve organizational goals and objectives. This study aims to determine the training and development programs carried out by four-star hotels in the city of Malang. The research subject was a Human Resources Manager who had a training and development program in his organization with a total of 68 employees. The type of research used is a qualitative case study model with research data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. Various training and development activities are very diverse, but excellent service and communication are considered very important to do. Both types of activities are central values that must be possessed when choosing a profession in the hospitality field. Program results show that attitudes gained from experience have a direct impact on workplace behavior and career development. In addition, such skills ultimately help increase productivity and efficiency in teams . In the future, problem-solving training is needed to improve participants' skills and abilities.

At present, RNA-based therapy which includes therapies using non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and aptamers are gaining widespread attention as possible ways to target genes in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), thereby serving as a promising therapeutic approach for CVDs and risk factors management. However, data are primarily in an early stage. A systematic review was carried out using literature from several databases (Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus, and DOAJR) following the PRISMA guidelines. Of the 64 articles reviewed, 39 papers were included in this review with three main types of RNAs: aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and small-interfering RNA (siRNA). All studies were human clinical trials. RNA-based therapies were demonstrated to be efficacious in treating various CVDs and controlling cardiovascular risk factors. They are generally safe and well-tolerated. However, data are still in the early stage and warrant further investigation.

Problems in the world of work, can be in the form of workloads that exceed capacity, conflicts with relationships, insufficient facilities, career delays and personal problems. This condition creates physical and psychological conditions in employees which is called work stress. The aims of this study are a) work stress problems faced by officers of the Tresna Werdha Service (PSTW) Technical Implementation Unit (PSTW) Pasuruan, b) increase the ability of UPT PSTW Pasuruan officers in dealing with work stress problems c) Reducing work stress experienced by UPT PSTW officers Pasuruan through stress management and coping skills. This study uses a participatory action research (PAR) approach by involving UPT PSTW Pasuruan officers and other stakeholders. The results showed that a) Work stress problems faced by UPT PSTW Pasuruan officers include human resources (HR), client and facility problems, b) There was an increase in the capacity of UPT PSTW Pasuruan officers in preparing stress management programs c) There was an increase in the capacity of UPT officers Pasuruan PSTW in doing coping skills

Thirteen bamboo species are reported to be in commercial use in Malaysia. However, Buluh madu (Gigantochloa albociliata) did not make to the list. As a species, G. albociliata is cultivated for its delicious bamboo shoot and is demonstrated to possess great potential to produce commercialised products such as laminated bamboo panel. Unlike common bamboo, which has hollow cylindrical culms, G. albociliata has thick culms at the base, with smaller hollow cavities at the top portion. Therefore, it can be easily converted into high-thickness strips, thus improving the processing efficiency of laminated bamboo. To validate this theory, the anatomical, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of G. albociliata were evaluated. The round bamboo and strips from the top and bottom sections of the bamboo stem were tested. It was found that G. albociliata has a vascular bundle type similar to that of the Gigantochloa genus bamboo. The fibre in G. albociliata is long and strong. The top section of bamboo has longer fibres, a higher density, and a higher specific gravity than the bottom section. As a result, bamboo from the top section has greater bending strength than bamboo from the bottom section. The G. albociliata species was discovered to have high mechanical strength, dimensional stability, and good wettability, making it an ideal material for laminated products.

The translational research community, in general, and the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) community, in particular, share the vision of repurposing EHRs for research that will improve the quality of clinical practice. Many members of these communities are also aware that electronic health records (EHRs) suffer limitations of data becoming poorly structured, biased, and unusable out of original context. This creates obstacles to the continuity of care, utility, quality improvement, and translational research. Analogous limitations to sharing objective data in other areas of the natural sciences have been successfully overcome by developing and using common ontologies. This White Paper presents the authors’ rationale for the use of ontologies with computable semantics for the improvement of clinical data quality and EHR usability formulated for researchers with a stake in clinical and translational science and who are advocates for the use of information technology in medicine but at the same time are concerned by current major shortfalls. This White Paper outlines pitfalls, opportunities, and solutions and recommends increased investment in research and development of ontologies with computable semantics for a new generation of EHRs.

Tokopedia's strategy in the world of retail 4.0 will be explained in this paper. The transformation of the retail world occurred from the 1.0 era to the 4.0 era and each has its characteristics. Tokopedia was born when it was in the retail 3.0 era and began to grow in the 4.0 era. A business model innovation strategy is very necessary for the business to survive in the online marketplace. Many innovations have been carried out, including (1) store management facilities (2) Shopping by type category of goods sold and business processes are very easy to learn (3) For easy access to online shops, sellers receive their accounts created during initial registration (4) Collaboration with various transportation services facilitates delivery of goods to consumers (5) simple payments and safe. The method used is to collect some literature to further identify whether it is by the topic to be discussed and make important points related to Tokopedia's strategy in the 4.0 era.

This study attempts to construct a communication framework of video game avatars. Employing Aarseth's textonomy, Rehak's avatar's life cycle, and Lury's prosthetic culture avatar's theories as the basis of analysis on fifty-five purposively selected games, this study proposes ACTION (Avatars, Communicators, Transmissions, Instruments, Orientations and Navigations). Avatars, borrowing Aarseth's terms, are classifiable into interpretive, explorative, configurative, and textonic with four systems and sub classifications for each type. Communicators, referring to the participants involved in the communication with the avatars and their relationship, are classifiable into unipolar, bipolar, tripolar, quadripolar, and pentapolar. Transmissions, the ways in which communication is transmitted, are classifiable into restrictive verbal and restrictive non-verbal. Instruments, the graphical embodiment of communications, are realized into dialogue boxes, non-dialogue boxes, logs, expressions, movements and emoticons. Orientations, the methods the game spatiality employs to direct the movement of the avatars, are classifiable into dictative and non-dictative. Navigations, the strategies avatars perform regarding with the information saving system of the games, are classifiable into experimental and non-experimental. Departing from this ACTION, analysts are able to employ this formula as an approach to reveal how the avatars utilize their own 'linguistics' to communicate, out of the linguistics benefited by humans.

Driven by a wide range of social and cultural forces, circular migration has become a prominent phenomenon in the contemporary world, and it is especially common among Indonesian migrant workers. The research delved into what pushes Indonesian migrant workers to going back to host countries for employment after returning to their home country. A case study approach was employed by which a total of 24 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Indonesian migrant workers from Blitar, Malang, Ponorogo, and Tulungagung in East Java, Indonesia. The research reveals that non-monetary incentives such as supportive and amicable workplace environments, including the possibility of career advancements and adequate accommodations, as well as productive and family-oriented communities, act as important motivators for Indonesian migrant workers to go back to host countries. Furthermore, the research adds to the widening topography of migration studies by which it provides a broader picture in painting the “human” rationality behind circular migration in Global South.

Abstract Common data models solve many challenges of standardizing electronic health record (EHR) data but are unable to semantically integrate all of the resources needed for deep phenotyping. Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology (OBO) Foundry ontologies provide computable representations of biological knowledge and enable the integration of heterogeneous data. However, mapping EHR data to OBO ontologies requires significant manual curation and domain expertise. We introduce OMOP2OBO, an algorithm for mapping Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) vocabularies to OBO ontologies. Using OMOP2OBO, we produced mappings for 92,367 conditions, 8611 drug ingredients, and 10,673 measurement results, which covered 68–99% of concepts used in clinical practice when examined across 24 hospitals. When used to phenotype rare disease patients, the mappings helped systematically identify undiagnosed patients who might benefit from genetic testing. By aligning OMOP vocabularies to OBO ontologies our algorithm presents new opportunities to advance EHR-based deep phenotyping.

The condition of the road plays a significant role in the driving experience and traffic safety. However, excessive use of Street Lighting (LPJU) can have an impact on global warming. This research utilizes a Research and Development (R&D) approach to develop phosphorescent paint technology for curbstones. The main goal of this research is to create a solution that aids the visualization of drivers and pedestrians in dark road conditions. Additionally, the research aims to reduce excessive electricity consumption, which is a crucial step in supporting efforts to mitigate global climate change. The research results show that the application of phosphorescent paint on curbstones can enhance visibility at night and provide clear visual guidance for road users. This technology also successfully reduces reliance on external street lighting, resulting in significant electricity savings. Thus, this research makes a positive contribution to improving traffic safety and supporting energy conservation efforts to protect the environment.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been restrictions on activities outside the home which has caused people to interact more and express their emotions through social media platforms, one of which is Twitter. Previous studies on emotion classification used only one feature extraction, namely the lexicon based or word embedding. Feature extraction using the emotion lexicon has the advantage of recognizing emotional words in a sentence while feature extraction using word embedding has the advantage of recognizing the semantic meaning. Therefore, the main contribution to this research is to use two lexicon feature extraction and word embedding to classify emotions. The classification technique used in this research is the Ensemble Voting Classifier by selecting the two best classifiers to try on both types of feature extraction. The experimental results for both types of feature extraction are the same, indicating that the best classifiers are Random Forest and SVM. Models using both types of feature extraction show increased accuracy compared to using only one feature extraction. The results of this emotional analysis can be used to determine the public's reaction to an event, product, or public policy.

Loeki Enggar Fitri,1,2 Teguh Wahju Sardjono,1,2 Nuning Winaris,1,2 Aulia Rahmi Pawestri,1,2 Agustina Tri Endharti,1 Eviana Norahmawati,3 Dian Handayani,4 Shahdevi Nandar Kurniawan,5 Syafiatul Azizah,6 Lustyafa Inassani Alifia,6,7 Rokhmatul Asiyah,6,8 Tita Rachma Ayuningtyas6 1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 2AIDS, Toxoplasma, Opportunistic Disease, and Malaria (ATOM) Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 3Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 4Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 5Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 6Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 7Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia; 8State University of Malang, Malang, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Teguh Wahju Sardjono, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Tel +62 341 569117, Fax +62 341 564755, Email teguhws@ub.ac.idPurpose: During Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) infection, infected erythrocytes are sequestered in gut tissues through microvascular circulation, leading to dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) and Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) administration on the parasitemia level, gut microbiota composition, expression of cluster of differentiation 103 (CD103) in intestinal dendritic and T regulatory cells (T reg), plasma interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels in P. berghei infected mice.Methods: P. berghei was inoculated intraperitoneally. Infected mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and treated with either L. casei, B. longum, or the combination of both for 5 days before up to 6 days post-infection (p.i). The control group was treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), while uninfected mice were used as negative control. Levels of CD103 and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) expression were measured by direct immunofluorescense, while plasma IFN-γ and TNF-α level were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: All treated groups showed an increase in parasitemia from day 2 to day 6 p.i, which was significant at day 2 p.i (p = 0.001), with the group receiving B. longum displaying the lowest degree of parasitemia. Significant reduction in plasma IFN-γ and TNF-α levels was observed in the group receiving B. longum (p = 0.022 and p = 0.026, respectively). The CD103 and FoxP3 expression was highest in the group receiving B. longum (p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively).Conclusion: B. longum showed the best protective effect against Plasmodium infection by reducing the degree of parasitemia and modulating the gut immunity. This provides a basis for further research involving probiotic supplementation in immunity modulation of infectious diseases.Keywords: Bifidobacterium longum, inflammation, Plasmodium, sequestration

Detecting relevant odours from background odours is important for animal behaviour. Here the authors design a task to study this process in mice.

This paper aims to investigate the significance of having a sharia division in Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks. This paper is a qualitative study based on a review of official documents from the Indonesian Central Bank and the Indonesian Sharia Council. Interviews with Sharia Advisers were conducted to conduct an interpretive, critical, and descriptive study of the issue. The interpretive analysis was carried out by interpreting each issued regulation, and the analysis was deepened by presenting a description of the sharia division's implementation in Malaysian Islamic banks. Efforts to analyze the results are carried out by reducing the information obtained, presenting the data and concluding. According to the research findings, there are numerous deviations in non-compliance with Sharia implementation in disbursed financing. According to the findings, Islamic banks must have a Sharia division in their organisational structure. The Sharia division ensures that Sharia bank operations follow Sharia principles, beginning with input, processing, and output. This study's theoretical implication is a study of sharia implementation by providing a sharia division in the organisational structure of Islamic banks. This is a more extensive study involving more sharia banks on their willingness and the internal awareness of the presence of the sharia division. Any country that wishes to establish sharia banks must research the presence of sharia divisions to ensure sharia compliance in their operations.

This study aims to determine the impact of Islamic financial literacy on the academic community at IAIN Ambon in investing in the Islamic capital market. The research methodology uses interpretive qualitative techniques. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews with the academic community who became informants who were determined using the purposive sampling technique. The results of the study revealed that the academic community of IAIN Ambon has high financial literacy because they received special education through investment courses and special Islamic capital markets for students, and training for lecturers and other staff, but it has not had a maximum impact on investment decisions in the Islamic capital market. The reason is that the implementation and assistance from the results of education and training are not carried out optimally. Another cause is the level of income and risk that the community thinks so that it creates boredom to invest.

The large number of child marriage cases in Indonesia has resulted in various new problems such as the disconnection of school children, the increase in divorce cases, the increasing mortality rate for mothers and children during the delivery process, the number of stunting cases and other problems. Looking at the various problems that exist, there is a change in the marriage law from Law No. 1 of 1974 to Law No. 16 of 2019 that marriage can be carried out by both men and women when they are 19 years old. Through the Asset Bassed Community Development (ABCD) method, Community Service (PkM) activities are carried out by providing counseling to the community (parents and children) in Klepu Village and Watuaji Village, Keling District to provide an understanding of the Importance of Family Communication in preventing child marriage. With this PkM, it is hoped that it will be able to provide understanding to the community so that awareness arises about the dangers and impacts of child marriage and can reduce cases of child marriage.

Competition between universities to gain market attention requires various strategies, including the activities of the institution's branding. University branding is obligatory to publicize their existence and values, which differ from competitors, whether in scientific values or other elements. However, sometimes stakeholders to not understand the "branding map" of the competitors surrounding campuses. This study aims to reveal the university's branding using the concept of archetypes written by Mark and Pearson. Twelve archetypes are commonly used for branding: the innocent, the explorer, the sage, the hero, the outlaw, the magician, the regular guy, the lover, the jester, the caregiver, the creator, and the ruler. The data in this research is in the form of text and pictures taken from logos, slogans, visions, and missions of 13 Islamic universities under the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education and the Ministry of Religious Affairs. The study shows that nine of the twelve archetypes appear in Islamic universities. The nine archetypes are the sage, the caregiver, the creator, the explorer, the hero, the innocent, the ruler, the regular guy, and the lover. Each Islamic University has multiple archetypes at once. Therefore, campus branding used in marketing and publication programs can use the most dominating archetypes.

This article is concerned with the internationalisation of higher education and student mobility for society and community engagement purposes. Drawing on the specific case study of Universiti Brunei Darussalam's Community Outreach Programme overseas, it examines the programme's operation in Vietnam as well as investigates Bruneian students' experiences during their programme activities in this Asian country. The article also explores the impacts of such experiences on the students' growth and transformations. The reported growth and transformations, on the one hand, demonstrate the importance of social engagement beyond campus and correspond to the internationalisation in higher education for society agenda recently advocated by international education scholars and practitioners. They also offer rich insights into (inter-Asian) student mobility for non-academic purposes, which remain largely under-researched. On the other hand, underlying the students' transformative experiences are many issues associated with student safety and wellbeing that require ethical responses and appropriate adaptive pedagogies.

The low mathematical literacy of students causes students to find it challenging to solve PISA-type questions, so they make mistakes. This study examines errors in solving PISA-oriented mathematical problems based on Newman's error analysis. This research involved 14 subjects of class VII A Junior High School Batik Special Program Surakarta. This research data results from error data analyzed from students' answers to solve PISA math problems. Data collection techniques used are written tests, interviews, and documentation. This research instrument uses three items of mathematical problems described from PISA in 2012 on quantity content. After the questions are ready, the next step is consulting the instrument with the supervisor. Before being tested, the questions went through a validation process by one lecturer and one mathematics teacher. The validity of the data in this study uses triangulation techniques. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Based on the results of writing tests and interviews obtained that 1) comprehension errors with a percentage of 23.68% of the cause because students do not understand the meaning of the question, 2) transformation errors with a percentage of 13.16% of the cause due to students confused filtering information and using relevant mathematical procedures, 3) errors of process skills with a percentage of 23.68% of the cause due to lack of skilled running the calculation operation, 4) writing errors of final answers with a percentage of 39.48% The reason is that students are not used to writing conclusions on the answer sheet.

The majority of the Indonesian population who are Muslim with different understandings of Islam is one of the backgrounds for the emergence of new movements that "deviate" in the name of religion. The Transnational Islamic Movement is one of the new Islamic movements that have emerged in several parts of Indonesia, this movement has spread to the Jepara Regency area. Using the qualitative approach used and methods of documentation, interviews, and observations, this paper will describe the Transnational Islamic movement or organization and how the da'wah strategies were carried out in overcoming and dealing with the movement. The results of this study are the strategies used in an effort to overcome the Transnational Islamic movement through a structural approach and the intervention of various parties, both from the da'wah institutions in Jepara Regency, the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI), Jepara Police, and Islamic Religious Counselors in Jepara Regency so that the organization or The transnational Islamic group, in this case, the Khilafatul Muslimin Ummul Quro group was successfully disbanded. Mayoritas penduduk Indonesia yang beragama Islam dengan pemahaman Islam yang berbeda menjadi salah satu latar belakang munculnya gerakan-gerakan baru yang “menyimpang” dengan mengatasnamakan agama. Gerakan Islam Transnasional merupakan salah satu gerakan Islam baru yang muncul di berbagai wilayah Indonesia, gerakan ini telah menyebar ke wilayah Kabupaten Jepara. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi, tulisan ini akan memaparkan gerakan atau organisasi Islam Transnasional dan bagaimana strategi dakwah yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi dan menghadapi gerakan tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini adalah strategi yang digunakan dalam upaya mengatasi gerakan Islam Transnasional melalui pendekatan struktural dan intervensi oleh berbagai pihak, baik dari lembaga dakwah di Kabupaten Jepara, Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Polres Jepara , dan Penasihat Agama Islam di Kabupaten Jepara sehingga organisasi atau kelompok Islam transnasional dalam hal ini kelompok Khilafatul Muslimin Ummul Quro berhasil dibubarkan.

Abstract Background The current COVID-19 pandemic and the previous SARS/MERS outbreaks of 2003 and 2012 have resulted in a series of major global public health crises. We argue that in the interest of developing effective and safe vaccines and drugs and to better understand coronaviruses and associated disease mechenisms it is necessary to integrate the large and exponentially growing body of heterogeneous coronavirus data. Ontologies play an important role in standard-based knowledge and data representation, integration, sharing, and analysis. Accordingly, we initiated the development of the community-based Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO) in early 2020. Results As an Open Biomedical Ontology (OBO) library ontology, CIDO is open source and interoperable with other existing OBO ontologies. CIDO is aligned with the Basic Formal Ontology and Viral Infectious Disease Ontology. CIDO has imported terms from over 30 OBO ontologies. For example, CIDO imports all SARS-CoV-2 protein terms from the Protein Ontology, COVID-19-related phenotype terms from the Human Phenotype Ontology, and over 100 COVID-19 terms for vaccines (both authorized and in clinical trial) from the Vaccine Ontology. CIDO systematically represents variants of SARS-CoV-2 viruses and over 300 amino acid substitutions therein, along with over 300 diagnostic kits and methods. CIDO also describes hundreds of host-coronavirus protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and the drugs that target proteins in these PPIs. CIDO has been used to model COVID-19 related phenomena in areas such as epidemiology. The scope of CIDO was evaluated by visual analysis supported by a summarization network method. CIDO has been used in various applications such as term standardization, inference, natural language processing (NLP) and clinical data integration. We have applied the amino acid variant knowledge present in CIDO to analyze differences between SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants. CIDO's integrative host-coronavirus PPIs and drug-target knowledge has also been used to support drug repurposing for COVID-19 treatment. Conclusion CIDO represents entities and relations in the domain of coronavirus diseases with a special focus on COVID-19. It supports shared knowledge representation, data and metadata standardization and integration, and has been used in a range of applications.

This paper attempts to explain inclusive education at the Makrifatul Ilmi Islamic Boarding School, South Bengkulu. By using content analysis and reflective methods, it was concluded that inclusive education at the Makrifatul Ilmi Islamic boarding school has begun to open itself up to accept students with disability status but still with a simple and limited teaching pattern. This is because there are no special teaching staff for students with disabilities. The seriousness of the Makrifatul Ilmi Islamic Boarding School in accepting students with disabilities is also emphasized by issuing written and unwritten rules so that students respect each other, respect each other and are not allowed to corner anyone, be it gender, ethnicity, race, or physically. persons with disabilities.