Search

Abstract Background Refugee women exhibit some of the highest rates of chronic pain yet the diversity and challenges of health care systems across countries pose numerous challenges for refugee women trying to access quality health care. Objective We sought to explore the experiences of Assyrian refugee women seeking care for chronic pain. Methods Semi-structured interviews (face-to-face and virtual) were undertaken with 10 Assyrian women of refugee background living in Melbourne, Australia. Audio recordings and field notes of interviews were collected and themes were identified using a phenomenological approach. Women were required to be conversant in English or Arabic and willing to use a translator if necessary. Results We identified five major themes of women’s experiences accessing care for chronic pain: (1) the story of pain; (2) the experience of help seeking in Australia and home country; (3) factors shaping the ability to access appropriate care; (4) support seeking systems; and (5) influence of culture and gender roles. Conclusion Exploring refugee women’s experience of seeking care for chronic pain reinforces the need to explore hard to reach population’s perspectives in research and helps to understand how vectors of disadvantage may intersect. For successful integration into health care systems of host countries, particularly for complex conditions such as chronic pain, there is a need to work with women community members to develop programs that are culturally aligned to enhance access pathways to care.

Abstract Background Refugee women are potentially at increased risk for chronic pain due to circumstances both in the pre-migration and post-settlement setting. However, this relationship between refugee-related challenges introduced along their migration trajectories and chronic pain remains unclear. This study will therefore examine the association between pre- and post-migration factors and chronic pain in refugee women five years into resettlement in Australia. Methods The first five waves of data from the ‘Building a New Life in Australia’ longitudinal study of humanitarian refugees living in Australia was analysed using logistic regression models to investigate the association between predictor variables and chronic pain. The study outcome was chronic pain and predictors were migration process and resettlement factors in both the pre-and post-settlement setting. Results Chronic pain was reported in 45% (n = 139) of women, and among these a further 66% (n = 120) also reported having a long-term disability or health condition that had lasted 12 months. Pre- migration factors such as increasing age (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.05, 1.11) and women who migrated under the Women at Risk Visa category (OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.26, 4.56) had greater odds of experiencing chronic pain. Interestingly, post migration factors such as women with better general health (OR 0.04; 95% CI 0.01, 0.11) or those who settled within metropolitan cities (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.13, 0.68) had lower odds of experiencing chronic pain, and those who experience discrimination (OR 11.23; 95% CI 1.76, 71.51) had greater odds of experiencing chronic pain. Conclusion Our results show that there is a high prevalence of chronic pain in refugee women across the initial years of resettlement in Australia. This may be in part due to pre-migration factors such as age and migration pathway, but more significantly the post migration context that these women settle into such as rurality of settlement, poorer general health and perceived discriminatory experiences. These findings suggest that there may be many unmet health needs which are compounded by the challenges of resettlement in a new society, highlighting the need for increased clinical awareness to help inform refugee health care and settlement service providers managing chronic pain.

This paper presents a simple method to reduce performance loss due to a parallel program's massive critical sections of parallel numerical integration. The method transforms a fine-grain parallel loop into a coarse grain parallel loop that nests a sequential loop. The coarse grain parallel loop is by nesting a loop block to make task granularities coarser than that naive one. In addition to the overhead reduction, the method makes the parallel work fraction significantly more significant than the serial fraction. As a result, nesting a serial loop within a parallel loop improves the parallel program's performance. Compared to the naïve method, which does not scale the performance of a parallel program of numerical integration, the nesting serial loop method scales a parallel program up to 3.26 times a fold relative to its sequential program on a quad-core processor. This result shows that the proposed method makes the parallel program much faster than the naïve method.

In the current digital age, an online messaging platform called the International Virtual Exchange (IVE) Program is widely utilized in the English language learning process. The participants of the IVE Program are learners from non-native English-speaking countries with different cultural contexts, so they may have different realizations of genre structures. Most studies employing genre analysis only covered the genre stages without analyzing their phases. Therefore, this study aims to explore the stages and phases of the participants' Analytical Exposition texts in the IVE 2021 Program, as one of the micro-genre texts on the international online communication with the topic Lessons from the Pandemic. The results showed that the participants of the IVE 2021 Program, who come from six different countries, had different stages and phases of the genre because the schematic structure could change based on the type and number of arguments/issues described in the text. This research can be used as a reference for participants of international online communication, especially in the IVE Program, so that they can implement complete and holistic stages and phases of the genre in their communication texts to minimize misunderstandings from other participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translation in qualitative research is an essential process to accurately convey participants’ meanings between languages, thus ensuring the trustworthiness of qualitative research. However, detailed reporting of this crucial process is not included in current reporting guidelines. We will illustrate the complexity of the translation process based on our experiences across research contexts in three countries. We also provide recommendations to preserve participants’ meanings and research trustworthiness. These experiences highlight the importance of accurately reporting the translation process in cross-language qualitative health research and emphasise the need for a clear and comprehensive reporting guideline.

Context: Chronic pain has been long recognised as a defining feature among the wide range of health-related problems exhibited in women belonging to refugee backgrounds. Insights into the health and socio-cultural experiences of refugee women seeking care for chronic pain may help inform practice protocols and reduce health inequalities in populations that are systematically marginalised. Objective: To explore the health-seeking narratives of Assyrian refugee women and the factors that influence their care for chronic pain in Australia. Study Design and Analysis: A qualitative study using a phenomenological perspective to understand the lived experience of Assyrian refugee women seeking care for chronic pain. Analysis involved reflexive thematic analysis based in identifying meaningful patterns and organising these into themes. Setting: The study was set in Melbourne, Victoria where recruitment began by approaching Iraqi Assyrian refugee community leaders, acting as key informants, through pre-existing partnerships with settlement services. Purposive sampling and a snowballing approach was used to identify eligible participants. Population Studied: Ten Assyrian refugee women who identified as having chronic pain. Women were aged between 19 to 85 years and had lived in Australia for four years or longer. Instrument: Semi-structured, in-depth interviews lasting between 30 to 90 minutes were conducted in English or in Arabic with an interpreter present. Outcome Measured: The lived experience of refugee women receiving care for chronic pain in Australia. Results: Overall, experiences such as their culture and family caregiver role in their homeland heavily influenced their experiences seeking healthcare in Australia. Five key themes emerged from this, including 1) Trust in health care systems 2) Accessibility to care 3) Perceptions of pain 4) Support seeking mechanisms and 5) Health knowledge. These themes played a significant role on shaping and forming their models of thought around accessing health care and living life with chronic pain. Conclusions: Refugee women arriving in Australia were confronted with social and cultural conditions and health systems that were radically different to their past experiences. This study provides rich insights into the health needs of refugee women, and highlights a need for an evidence base for better patient advocacy around chronic pain management and practice protocols to support refugee women resettling in Australia., Presenters Areni Altun, Helen Brown, Liz Sturgiss, MD, PhD, BMed, MPH, FRACGP, Grant Russell, MD, PhD, MBBS, FRACGP [...]

Background: The current era of digitalization is encouraging public health literacy to increase, especially among teenagers who are close to gadgets, so that the term e-health literacy is known, namely digital health literacy is defined as the ability to search, find and understand health information available in resources. electronically and use information obtained from these resources to overcome health problems. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of application-based reproductive health education to increase positive behavior of adolescents in Ternate City. Method: This research uses a Quasi-experimental method (Pre-post Control Design). The number of samples in this study was 300 teenagers aged 12-15 years, in Ternate City. The measurement uses a questionnaire to measure knowledge, attitudes, actions, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and health literacy. The analysis used is the mean difference test, namely the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney test. Research Results: The distribution of respondents based on age groups in the control group and in the intervention group was mostly in the 13 year age group, namely 119 people (79.3%) and 111 people (74.0%), the most common gender was female. The results of the analysis showed that there were no differences between the control and intervention groups before treatment, there were differences between the control and intervention groups after treatment, there were differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), and health literacy (0.007) (p value < 0.05). However, there is no difference for the variables Attitude, Subjective Norms, Behavioral Control. There are differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), attitude (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), subjective norms (p value = 0.000), behavioral control (p value = 0.000) and health literacy (p value = 0.000) (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: Application-based reproductive health education has a good impact in increasing positive behavior among teenagers in Ternate City, this is based on changes in knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control and health literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to analyze the humanist expressive speech acts of journalists in the covid-19 outbreak. The data collection technique was carried out by using the free non-participatory technique. The sources of data are the journalists’ utterances on YouTube in the covid-19 Outbreak. The humanist expressive speech act forms used by journalists, is 58% used the direct speech act forms with imperative, interrogative, and declarative modes; and 42% forms of indirect speech acts were declarative-imperative and declarative-interrogative modes. Results of this study shows that journalists use the forms of direct speech acts with declarative mode mostly. The form of indirect speech acts with the declarative-imperative mode are mostly used by the journalists. This research is important to be a journalist's guide so that the utterances spoken can be accepted by the society in the covid-19 outbreak

This final project focuses on the analysis of the generic structure and lexico-grammatical features of news item text found in the most viewed Voice of America Learning English videos in February 2016. The main purposes of this study are to identify how the construction of generic structure and significant lexico—grammatical features of news item are applied in Voice of America (VOA) Learning English videos based on news item text structureanalysis. This study is descriptive qualitative research. The research data are the transcripts of ten most viewed videos sorted during February 2016. The result of analysis of the generic structure shows that all texts implemented the generic structure of news item text. All of them used the appropriate standard of generic structure of news item text stated by Gerot and Wignell. The result of analysis of the lexico-grammatical feature shows that all of the elements realized in the texts are well structured. All the texts have been arranged and written based on the complete requirements of lexico-grammatical feature of news item text stated by experts. However, the researcher found some deviations in the text related the use of generic structure and lexico-grammatical features of news item. Based on the explanation above, the researcher concludes that news item text found in Voice of America Learning English videos generally have completed standard generic structure and language features of news item text.

The aim of this study is to find out the effectiveness of Booktrack in teaching reading comprehension on the tenth grade students of a senior high school in Semarang. In order to achieve the objective of this research, the writer designed a quasi-experimental study. The subject of this study was 64 students of the tenth grade of a senior high school in Semarang; 32 students acted as the experimental group to be taught reading comprehension by using Booktrack App and the other 32 students as the control group to be taught reading comprehension by using regular medium. The results of the study showed that the score of experimental group was higher than control group. Based on the results, it can be concluded that Booktrack App is effective as a medium in teaching reading comprehension.

This research applies the Pinhole (PH) Camera Model method to calculate car speed in a video sequence by taking object displacement distance in the frame. The main contribution in this paper is the new calculation method called Diagonal Pinhole (Diagonal-PH). It has a capability in measuring diagonal and zigzag movement. This research considers three scenarios, i.e. overtaking motion, lane changing path and straight-line movement. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results show that the diagonal-PH method provides smaller RMSE than a vertical-PH method for each scenario. This proves that the modified pinhole has better accuracy for car speed detection in all scenarios.

This research on press communication uses a synchronic perspective concerning eighteen ministers, balanced by gender, in the Renzi government (in 2014), as well as a diachronic perspective concerning women ministers from five governments (from 2006-2014). The governments in 2014 and of 2013 were predominantly center-left, with the participation of center and center-right parties, whereas the previous governments had technical-professional rather than political ministers (in 2011), center-right (in 2008), and center-left (in 2006) ministers. In the synchronic analysis we explored the different ways in which the ministers are named, the relative presence of sexist/non-sexist, agentive/non-agentive, and abstract/concrete language in which they were presented. The first analysis comprised 332 headlines and the second comprised 1,356 headlines; we conducted a numerical and lexicographical analysis on the headlines. The results showed: more coverage for men than for women; gender biases in naming ministers involving a greater number of citations of women with both first and last name, whereas there were a greater number of citations of men with their first name only; the prevalence of sexist language that uses the generic masculine rather than the specific feminine (that is, the grammatical feminization of a typically masculine form) in representing women; an increment of the specific feminine in representing women in the last three governments over the previous two; no gender differences in the use of “I” and “We” as markers of agency; more quotations of direct discourse for women than for men; language slightly more abstract than concrete, for both men and women; more positive adjectives for women, and more negative adjectives for men. The results are discussed in relation to the international literature and to the Italian cultural-political context.

Motivated reasoning explains how climate change deniers can maintain their beliefs in the face of disconfirming evidence, suggesting that, compared to believers, the online comments of climate change deniers are more likely to (a) reference independent and social media websites advocating ideologically congruent positions, (b) politicize the issue, and (c) use intensifiers (e.g., definitely, undoubtedly). Automated text analysis of 156,844 comments from subreddit communities with opposing perspectives on climate change identified the internet domains associated with hyperlinks and the frequencies of political terms and intensifiers in user comments. Results were consistent with motivated reasoning by climate change deniers. In addition, climate change believers were more likely than deniers to use qualifiers in their comments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]