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1. All Languages Matter: Evaluating LMMs on Culturally Diverse 100 Languages

Author

Vayani, Ashmal, Dissanayake, Dinura, Watawana, Hasindri, Ahsan, Noor, Sasikumar, Nevasini, Thawakar, Omkar, Ademtew, Henok Biadglign, Hmaiti, Yahya, Kumar, Amandeep, Kuckreja, Kartik, Maslych, Mykola, Ghallabi, Wafa Al, Mihaylov, Mihail, Qin, Chao, Shaker, Abdelrahman M, Zhang, Mike, Ihsani, Mahardika Krisna, Esplana, Amiel, Gokani, Monil, Mirkin, Shachar, Singh, Harsh, Srivastava, Ashay, Hamerlik, Endre, Izzati, Fathinah Asma, Maani, Fadillah Adamsyah, Cavada, Sebastian, Chim, Jenny, Gupta, Rohit, Manjunath, Sanjay, Zhumakhanova, Kamila, Rabevohitra, Feno Heriniaina, Amirudin, Azril, Ridzuan, Muhammad, Kareem, Daniya, More, Ketan, Li, Kunyang, Shakya, Pramesh, Saad, Muhammad, Ghasemaghaei, Amirpouya, Djanibekov, Amirbek, Azizov, Dilshod, Jankovic, Branislava, Bhatia, Naman, Cabrera, Alvaro, Obando-Ceron, Johan, Otieno, Olympiah, Farestam, Fabian, Rabbani, Muztoba, Baliah, Sanoojan, Sanjeev, Santosh, Shtanchaev, Abduragim, Fatima, Maheen, Nguyen, Thao, Kareem, Amrin, Aremu, Toluwani, Xavier, Nathan, Bhatkal, Amit, Toyin, Hawau, Chadha, Aman, Cholakkal, Hisham, Anwer, Rao Muhammad, Felsberg, Michael, Laaksonen, Jorma, Solorio, Thamar, Choudhury, Monojit, Laptev, Ivan, Shah, Mubarak, Khan, Salman, and Khan, Fahad

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Existing Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) generally focus on only a few regions and languages. As LMMs continue to improve, it is increasingly important to ensure they understand cultural contexts, respect local sensitivities, and support low-resource languages, all while effectively integrating corresponding visual cues. In pursuit of culturally diverse global multimodal models, our proposed All Languages Matter Benchmark (ALM-bench) represents the largest and most comprehensive effort to date for evaluating LMMs across 100 languages. ALM-bench challenges existing models by testing their ability to understand and reason about culturally diverse images paired with text in various languages, including many low-resource languages traditionally underrepresented in LMM research. The benchmark offers a robust and nuanced evaluation framework featuring various question formats, including true/false, multiple choice, and open-ended questions, which are further divided into short and long-answer categories. ALM-bench design ensures a comprehensive assessment of a model's ability to handle varied levels of difficulty in visual and linguistic reasoning. To capture the rich tapestry of global cultures, ALM-bench carefully curates content from 13 distinct cultural aspects, ranging from traditions and rituals to famous personalities and celebrations. Through this, ALM-bench not only provides a rigorous testing ground for state-of-the-art open and closed-source LMMs but also highlights the importance of cultural and linguistic inclusivity, encouraging the development of models that can serve diverse global populations effectively. Our benchmark is publicly available., Comment: A Multilingual Multimodal cultural benchmark for 100 languages

Published
2024

2. The GHOSDT Simulations (Galaxy Hydrodynamical Simulations with Supernova-Driven Turbulence) -- I. Magnetic Support in Gas Rich Disks

Author

Gurman, Alon, Steinwandel, Ulrich P., Hu, Chia-Yu, and Sterberg, Amiel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Galaxies at redshift $z\sim 1-2$ display high star formation rates (SFRs) with elevated cold gas fractions and column densities. Simulating a self-regulated ISM in a hydrodynamical, self-consistent context, has proven challenging due to strong outflows triggered by supernova (SN) feedback. At sufficiently high gas column densities, and in the absence of magnetic fields, these outflows prevent a quasi-steady disk from forming at all. To this end, we present GHOSDT, a suite of magneto-hydrodynamical simulations that implement ISM physics at high resolution. We demonstrate the importance of magnetic pressure in the stabilization of gas-rich star-forming disks. We show that a relation between the magnetic field and gas surface density emerges naturally from our simulations. We argue that the magnetic field in the dense, star-forming gas, may be set by the SN-driven turbulent gas motions. When compared to pure hydrodynamical runs, we find that the inclusion of magnetic fields increases the cold gas fraction and reduces the disc scale height, both by up to a factor of $\sim 2$, and reduces the star formation burstiness. In dense ($n>100\;\rm{cm}^{-3}$) gas, we find steady-state magnetic field strengths of 10--40 $\mu$G, comparable to those observed in molecular clouds. Finally, we demonstrate that our simulation framework is consistent with the Ostriker & Kim (2022) Pressure Regulated Feedback Modulated Theory of star formation and stellar Feedback., Comment: Submitted to ApJ

Published
2024

3. Disk kinematics at high redshift: DysmalPy's extension to 3D modeling and comparison with different approaches

Author

Lee, Lilian L., Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Price, Sedona H., Liu, Daizhong, Genzel, Reinhard, Davies, Richard I, Tacconi, Linda J., Shimizu, Thomas T., Shachar, Amit Nestor, Salcedo, Juan M. Espejo, Pastras, Stavros, Wuyts, Stijn, Lutz, Dieter, Renzini, Alvio, Übler, Hannah D., Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, and Sternberg, Amiel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Spatially-resolved emission line kinematics are invaluable to investigating fundamental galaxy properties and have become increasingly accessible for galaxies at $z\gtrsim0.5$ through sensitive near-infrared imaging spectroscopy and millimeter interferometry. Kinematic modeling is at the core of the analysis and interpretation of such data sets, which at high-z present challenges due to lower signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and resolution compared to data of local galaxies. We present and test the 3D fitting functionality of DysmalPy, examining how well it recovers intrinsic disk rotation velocity and velocity dispersion, using a large suite of axisymmetric models, covering a range of galaxy properties and observational parameters typical of $z\sim1$-$3$ star-forming galaxies. We also compare DysmalPy's recovery performance to that of two other commonly used codes, GalPak3D and 3DBarolo, which we use in turn to create additional sets of models to benchmark DysmalPy. Over the ranges of S/N, resolution, mass, and velocity dispersion explored, the rotation velocity is accurately recovered by all tools. The velocity dispersion is recovered well at high S/N, but the impact of methodology differences is more apparent. In particular, template differences for parametric tools and S/N sensitivity for the non-parametric tool can lead to differences up to a factor of 2. Our tests highlight and the importance of deep, high-resolution data and the need for careful consideration of: (1) the choice of priors (parametric approaches), (2) the masking (all approaches) and, more generally, evaluating the suitability of each approach to the specific data at hand. This paper accompanies the public release of DysmalPy., Comment: 38 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2024

4. Bursts of star formation and radiation-driven outflows produce efficient LyC leakage from dense compact star clusters

Author

Menon, Shyam H., Burkhart, Blakesley, Somerville, Rachel S., Thompson, Todd A., and Sternberg, Amiel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The escape of LyC photons emitted by massive stars from the dense interstellar medium of galaxies is one of the most significant bottlenecks for cosmological reionization. The escape fraction shows significant scatter between galaxies, and anisotropic, spatial variation within them, motivating further study of the underlying physical factors responsible for these trends. We perform numerical radiation hydrodynamic simulations of idealized clouds with different gas surface densities (compactness) $\Sigma \sim 10^2$--$10^5 \, M_{\odot} \rm{pc}^{-2}$, meant to emulate star cluster-forming clumps ranging from conditions typical of the local Universe to the high ISM-pressure conditions more frequently encountered at high redshift. Our results indicate that dense compact star clusters with $\Sigma \gtrsim 10^4 \, M_{\odot} \rm{pc}^{-2}$ efficiently leak LyC photons, with cloud-scale luminosity-weighted average escape fractions $\gtrsim 80\%$ as opposed to $\lesssim 10\%$ for $\Sigma \sim 100 \, M_{\odot} \rm{pc}^{-2}$. This occurs due to higher star formation efficiencies and shorter dynamical timescales at higher $\Sigma$; the former results in higher intrinsic LyC emission, and the latter implies rapid evolution, with a burst of star formation followed by rapid gas dispersal, permitting high LyC escape well before the intrinsic LyC emission of stellar populations drop ($\sim 4 \, \mathrm{Myr}$). LyC escape in dense clouds is primarily facilitated by highly ionized outflows driven by radiation pressure on dust with velocities $ \sim 3$ times the cloud escape velocity. We also vary the (assumed) dust abundances ($Z_{\rm{d}}$) and find a very mild increase ($\sim 10%$) in the escape fraction for $\sim 100$ lower $Z_{\mathrm{d}}$. Our results suggest a scenario in which localized compact bursts of star formation in galaxies are disproportionately productive sites of LyC leakage., Comment: 21 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to ApJ. Comments welcome!

Published
2024

5. The Molecular Cloud Lifecycle I: Constraining H2 formation and dissociation rates with observations

Author

Bialy, Shmuel, Burkhart, Blakesley, Seifried, Daniel, Sternberg, Amiel, Godard, Benjamin, Krumholz, Mark R., Walch, Stefanie, Hamden, Erika, Haworth, Thomas J., Turner, Neal J., Lee, Min-Young, and Kong, Shuo

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Molecular clouds (MCs) are the birthplaces of new stars in galaxies. A key component of MCs are photodissociation regions (PDRs), where far-ultraviolet radiation plays a crucial role in determining the gas's physical and chemical state. Traditional PDR models assume chemical steady state (CSS), where the rates of H$_2$ formation and photodissociation are balanced. However, real MCs are dynamic and can be out of CSS. In this study, we demonstrate that combining H$_2$ emission lines observed in the far-ultraviolet or infrared with column density observations can be used to derive the rates of H$_2$ formation and photodissociation. We derive analytical formulae that relate these rates to observable quantities, which we validate using synthetic H$_2$ line emission maps derived from the SILCC-Zoom hydrodynamical simulation. Our method estimates integrated H$_2$ formation and dissociation rates to within 29\% accuracy. Our simulations cover a wide dynamic range in H$_2$ formation and photodissociation rates, showing significant deviations from CSS, with 74\% of the MC's mass deviating from CSS by a factor greater than 2. Our analytical formulae can effectively distinguish between regions in and out of CSS. When applied to actual H$_2$ line observations, our method can assess the chemical state of MCs, providing insights into their evolutionary stages and lifetimes., Comment: Submitted to ApJ. **Comments Welcome!** This paper is the first ("Paper-I") in 2-paper series. Paper II, entitled "The Molecular Cloud Lifecycle II: Formation and Destruction of Molecular Clouds Diagnosed via H 2 Fluorescent Emission Emission" by Burkhart et al has been recently accepted for publication in ApJ, and may be found here: arXiv:2402.01587

Published
2024

6. X-ray signatures of galactic outflows into the circumgalactic medium

Author

Jana, Ranita, Sarkar, Kartick C., Stern, Jonathan, and Sternberg, Amiel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present a set of controlled hydrodynamical simulations to study the effects of strong galactic outflows on the density and temperature structures, and associated X-ray signatures, of extra-planar and circumgalactic gas. We consider three initial state models, isothermal, isentropic, and rotating cooling-flow, for the hot circumgalactic medium (CGM) into which the outflows are driven. The energy sources are either stellar winds and supernovae, or active galactic nuclei. We consider energy injection rates in the range $10^{40} < \dot{E}_{\rm inj} <10^{44.5}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and compute the time-dependent soft X-ray (0.5-2 keV) surface brightness. For $\dot{E}_{\rm inj} \gtrsim 10^{41} - 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$, with the exact threshold depending on the initial CGM state, the X-ray response is dominated by dense hot gas in the forward shock that eventually fades into the CGM as a sound wave. The shock surrounds an inner hot bubble leading to a radial flattening of the X-ray surface brightness. For lower energy injection rates, the X-ray surface brightness of the initial CGM state is almost unaffected. We present analytic approximations for the outflow shock propagation and the associated X-ray emissions., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2024

9. Sunyaev-Zeldovich Signals from $L^*$ Galaxies: Observations, Analytics, and Simulations

Author

Oren, Yossi, Sternberg, Amiel, McKee, Christopher F., Faerman, Yakov, and Genel, Shy

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We analyze measurements of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect arising in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of $L^*$ galaxies, reported by Bregman et al. 2022 and Das et al. 2023. In our analysis we use the Faerman et al. 2017 and Faerman et al. 2020 CGM models, a new power-law model (PLM), and the TNG100 simulation. For a given $M_{\rm vir}$, our PLM has four parameters; the fraction, $f_{\rm hCGM}$, of the halo baryon mass in hot CGM gas, the ratio, $\phi_T$, of the actual gas temperature at the virial radius to the virial temperature, and the power-law indicies, $a_{P,{\rm th}}$ and $a_n$ for the thermal electron pressure and the hydrogen nucleon density. The B+22 Compton-$y$ profile implies steep electron pressure slopes ($a_{P,{\rm th}}\simeq 2$). For isothermal conditions the temperature is at least $1.1\times 10^6$ K, with a hot CGM gas mass of up to $3.5\times 10^{11}$ M$_\odot$ for a virial mass of $2.75\times 10^{12}$ M$_\odot$. However, if isothermal the gas must be expanding out of the halos. An isentropic equation of state is favored for which hydrostatic equilibrium is possible. The B+22 and D+23 results are consistent with each other and with recent (0.5-2 keV) CGM X-ray observations by Zhang et al. 2024 of Milky Way mass systems. For $M_{\rm vir}\simeq 3\times 10^{12}$ M$_\odot$, the scaled Compton pressure integrals, $E(z)^{-2/3}Y_{500}/M_{\rm vir,12}^{5/3}$, lie in the narrow range, $2.5\times 10^{-4}$ to $5.0\times 10^{-4}$ kpc$^2$, for all three sets of observations. TNG100 underpredicts the tSZ parameters by factors $\sim 0.5$ dex for the $L^*$ galaxies, suggesting that the feedback strengths and CGM gas losses are overestimated in the simulated halos at these mass scales., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 29 pages, 17 figures

Published
2024

10. Prediction of Photodynamics of 200 nm Excited Cyclobutanone with Linear Response Electronic Structure and Ab Initio Multiple Spawning

Author

Hait, Diptarka, Lahana, Dean, Fajen, O. Jonathan, Paz, Amiel S. P., Unzueta, Pablo A., Rana, Bhaskar, Lu, Lixin, Wang, Yuanheng, and Martinez, Todd J.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

Simulations of photochemical reaction dynamics have been a challenge to the theoretical chemistry community for some time. In an effort to determine the predictive character of current approaches, we predict the results of an upcoming ultrafast diffraction experiment on the photodynamics of cyclobutanone after excitation to the lowest lying Rydberg state (S$_2$). A picosecond of nonadiabatic dynamics is described with ab initio multiple spawning. We use both time dependent density functional theory and equation-of-motion coupled cluster for the underlying electronic structure theory. We find that the lifetime of the S$_2$ state is more than a picosecond (with both TDDFT and EOM-CCSD). The predicted UED spectrum exhibits numerous structural features, but weak time dependence over the course of the simulations.

Published
2024
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11. The Molecular Cloud Lifecycle II: Formation and Destruction of Molecular Clouds Diagnosed via H$_2$ Fluorescent Emission Emission

Author

Burkhart, Blakesley, Bialy, Shmuel, Seifried, Daniel, Walch, Stefanie, Hamden, Erika, Haworth, Thomas J., Hoadley, Keri, Kong, Shuo, Johnson, Madisen, Jeffreson, Sarah, Krumholz, Mark R., Lee, Min-Young, Sternberg, Amiel, and Turner, Neal J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) formation and dissociation are key processes that drive the gas lifecycle in galaxies. Using the SImulating the LifeCycle of Molecular Clouds (SILCC) zoom-in simulation suite, we explore the utility of future observations of H$_2$ dissociation and formation for tracking the lifecycle of molecular clouds. The simulations used in this work include non-equilibrium H$_2$ formation, stellar radiation, sink particles, and turbulence. We find that, at early times in the cloud evolution, H$_2$ formation rapidly outpaces dissociation and molecular clouds build their mass from the atomic reservoir in their environment. Rapid H$_2$ formation is also associated with a higher early star formation rate. For the clouds studied here, H$_2$ is strongly out of chemical equilibrium during the early stages of cloud formation but settles into a bursty chemical steady-state about 2 Myrs after the first stars form. At the latest stage of cloud evolution, dissociation outweighs formation and the clouds enter a dispersal phase. We discuss how theories for the molecular cloud lifecycle and the star formation efficiency may be distinguished with observational measurements of H$_2$ fluorescence with a space-based high-resolution FUV spectrometer, such as the proposed Hyperion and Eos NASA Explorer missions. Such missions would enable measurements of the H$_2$ dissociation and formation rates, which we demonstrate can be connected to different phases in a molecular cloud's star-forming life, including cloud building, rapidly star-forming, H$_2$ chemical equilibrium, and cloud destruction., Comment: Submitted to ApJ, comments welcome

Published
2024

12. Open Education and Platformization: Critical Perspectives for a New Social Contract in Education

Author

Tel Amiel

Abstract

Public educational systems and institutions have increased their adoption of proprietary educational platforms offered by large private corporations. Platforms now critically mediate content creation and storage, interaction and communication, record-keeping and institutional memory. This platformization of education has led to significant risks to data collection and privacy, technological lock-in and dependency, and educational governance. In this article, the principles of Open Education are presented as a framework to guide the adoption of technological platforms and services in education. Data and examples are presented to demonstrate the significant scope of the integration of platforms within the context of South American higher education and show how it has negatively impacted educational governance. The article concludes with a presentation of alternative models for the adoption of platforms in education guided by public values and not solely by cost savings that reflect a disregard for their adverse impacts on educational governance, privacy, and autonomy.

Published
2024
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13. Rethinking Researcher-Participant Roles: Ethics of Care and Collaboration in the Migration Linguistics of Precarious Migrants

Author

Nicanor Legarte Guinto, Brian D. Villaverde, Amiel Jansen Demetrial, and Aurelio Teodoro Maguyon III

Abstract

Recent studies on language and migration have attempted to address the social injustices stemming from global disparities in wealth and opportunities. However, there's a risk of researchers unintentionally reinforcing traditional power dynamics, positioning themselves in power while reducing participants to mere data sources. Focusing on migrants in precarious living conditions, whose migration is often a consequence of political and economic upheaval in the origin, this paper interrogates the role of researchers and the researched with respect to social justice perspectives. We argue that conducting research on, for, and with such vulnerable migrant populations requires a reflexive understanding of our own positions and decisions throughout our engagement with participants. We propose that this approach is most effectively executed if we treat participants as equal partners in knowledge generation and social action, guided by principles of care, empathy, and unconventional methodologies. Through this, we hope to advocate for migration linguistics that is truly fair, just, and empowering among migrants.

Published
2024
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15. The impact of hypoglycaemia on daily functioning among adults with diabetes: a prospective observational study using the Hypo-METRICS app

Author

Søholm, Uffe, Broadley, Melanie, Zaremba, Natalie, Divilly, Patrick, Baumann, Petra Martina, Mahmoudi, Zeinab, Martine-Edith, Gilberte, Mader, Julia K., Cigler, Monika, Brøsen, Julie Maria Bøggild, Vaag, Allan, Heller, Simon, Pedersen-Bjergaard, Ulrik, McCrimmon, Rory J., Renard, Eric, Evans, Mark, de Galan, Bastiaan, Abbink, Evertine, Amiel, Stephanie A., Hendrieckx, Christel, Speight, Jane, Choudhary, Pratik, and Pouwer, Frans

Published
2024
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16. Estimating risk of consequences following hypoglycaemia exposure using the Hypo-RESOLVE cohort: a secondary analysis of pooled data from insulin clinical trials

Author

Mellor, Joseph, Kuznetsov, Dmitry, Heller, Simon, Gall, Mari-Anne, Rosilio, Myriam, Amiel, Stephanie A., Ibberson, Mark, McGurnaghan, Stuart, Blackbourn, Luke, Berthon, William, Salem, Adel, Qu, Yongming, McCrimmon, Rory J., de Galan, Bastiaan E., Pedersen-Bjergaard, Ulrik, Leaviss, Joanna, McKeigue, Paul M., and Colhoun, Helen M.

Published
2024
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17. Risk factors and prediction of hypoglycaemia using the Hypo-RESOLVE cohort: a secondary analysis of pooled data from insulin clinical trials

Author

Mellor, Joseph, Kuznetsov, Dmitry, Heller, Simon, Gall, Mari-Anne, Rosilio, Myriam, Amiel, Stephanie A., Ibberson, Mark, McGurnaghan, Stuart, Blackbourn, Luke, Berthon, William, Salem, Adel, Qu, Yongming, McCrimmon, Rory J., de Galan, Bastiaan E., Pedersen-Bjergaard, Ulrik, Leaviss, Joanna, McKeigue, Paul M., and Colhoun, Helen M.

Published
2024
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19. GPATCH11 variants cause mis-splicing and early-onset retinal dystrophy with neurological impairment

Author

Zanetti, Andrea, Dujardin, Gwendal, Fares-Taie, Lucas, Amiel, Jeanne, Roger, Jérôme E., Audo, Isabelle, Robert, Matthieu P., David, Pierre, Jung, Vincent, Goudin, Nicolas, Guerrera, Ida Chiara, Moriceau, Stéphanie, Amana, Danielle, Assia Batzir, Nurit, Bachar-Zipori, Anat, Basel Salmon, Lina, Boddaert, Nathalie, Briault, Sylvain, Bruel, Ange-Line, Costet-Fighiera, Christine, Coutinho Santos, Luisa, Gitiaux, Cyril, Kaminska, Karolina, Kuentz, Paul, Orenstein, Naama, Philip-Sarles, Nicole, Plutino, Morgane, Quinodoz, Mathieu, Santos, Cristina, Sigaudy, Sabine, Soeiro e Sá, Mariana, Sofrin, Efrat, Sousa, Ana Berta, Sousa-Luis, Rui, Thauvin-Robinet, Christel, van Dijk, Erwin L., Zaafrane-Khachnaoui, Khaoula, Zur, Dinah, Kaplan, Josseline, Rivolta, Carlo, Rozet, Jean-Michel, and Perrault, Isabelle

Published
2024
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23. TREX tetramer disruption alters RNA processing necessary for corticogenesis in THOC6 Intellectual Disability Syndrome

Author

Werren, Elizabeth A., LaForce, Geneva R., Srivastava, Anshika, Perillo, Delia R., Li, Shaokun, Johnson, Katherine, Baris, Safa, Berger, Brandon, Regan, Samantha L., Pfennig, Christian D., de Munnik, Sonja, Pfundt, Rolph, Hebbar, Malavika, Jimenez-Heredia, Raúl, Karakoc-Aydiner, Elif, Ozen, Ahmet, Dmytrus, Jasmin, Krolo, Ana, Corning, Ken, Prijoles, E. J., Louie, Raymond J., Lebel, Robert Roger, Le, Thuy-Linh, Amiel, Jeanne, Gordon, Christopher T., Boztug, Kaan, Girisha, Katta M., Shukla, Anju, Bielas, Stephanie L., and Schaffer, Ashleigh E.

Published
2024
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25. Next generation phenotyping for diagnosis and phenotype–genotype correlations in Kabuki syndrome

Author

Hennocq, Quentin, Willems, Marjolaine, Amiel, Jeanne, Arpin, Stéphanie, Attie-Bitach, Tania, Bongibault, Thomas, Bouygues, Thomas, Cormier-Daire, Valérie, Corre, Pierre, Dieterich, Klaus, Douillet, Maxime, Feydy, Jean, Galliani, Eva, Giuliano, Fabienne, Lyonnet, Stanislas, Picard, Arnaud, Porntaveetus, Thantrira, Rio, Marlène, Rouxel, Flavien, Shotelersuk, Vorasuk, Toutain, Annick, Yauy, Kevin, Geneviève, David, Khonsari, Roman H., and Garcelon, Nicolas

Published
2024
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27. Deep Learning-Aided Subspace-Based DOA Recovery for Sparse Arrays

Author

Amiel, Yoav, Shmuel, Dor H., Shlezinger, Nir, and Huleihel, Wasim

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Sparse arrays enable resolving more direction of arrivals (DoAs) than antenna elements using non-uniform arrays. This is typically achieved by reconstructing the covariance of a virtual large uniform linear array (ULA), which is then processed by subspace DoA estimators. However, these method assume that the signals are non-coherent and the array is calibrated; the latter often challenging to achieve in sparse arrays, where one cannot access the virtual array elements. In this work, we propose Sparse-SubspaceNet, which leverages deep learning to enable subspace-based DoA recovery from sparse miscallibrated arrays with coherent sources. Sparse- SubspaceNet utilizes a dedicated deep network to learn from data how to compute a surrogate virtual array covariance that is divisible into distinguishable subspaces. By doing so, we learn to cope with coherent sources and miscalibrated sparse arrays, while preserving the interpretability and the suitability of model-based subspace DoA estimators., Comment: Project is still under work

Published
2023

28. HI in Molecular Clouds: Irradiation by FUV plus Cosmic Rays

Author

Sternberg, Amiel, Bialy, Shmuel, and Gurman, Alon

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We extend the analytic theory presented by Sternberg et al. (2014) and Bialy & Sternberg (2016) for the production of atomic hydrogen (HI) via FUV photodissociation at the boundaries of dense interstellar molecular (H$_2$) clouds, to also include the effects of penetrating (low-energy) cosmic-rays for the growth of the total HI column densities. We compute the steady-state abundances of the HI and H$_2$ in one-dimensional gas slabs in which the FUV photodissociation rates are reduced by depth-dependent H$_2$ self-shielding and dust absorption, and in which the cosmic-ray ionization rates are either constant or reduced by transport effects. The solutions for the HI and H$_2$ density profiles and the integrated HI columns, depend primarily on the ratios $I_{\rm UV}/Rn$ and $\zeta/Rn$, where $I_{\rm UV}$ is the intensity of the photodissociating FUV field, $\zeta$ is the H$_2$ cosmic-ray ionization rate, $n$ is the hydrogen gas density, and $R$ is the dust-surface H$_2$ formation rate coefficient. We present computations for a wide range of FUV field strengths, cosmic-ray ionization rates, and dust-to-gas ratios. We develop analytic expressions for the growth of the HI column densities. For Galactic giant molecular clouds (GMCs) with multiphased (warm/cold) HI envelopes, the interior cosmic-ray zones will dominate the production of the HI only if $\zeta \gtrsim 4.5\times 10^{-16} \times (M_{\rm GMC}/10^6 \ M_{\odot})^{-1/2}$~s$^{-1}$, where $M_{\rm GMC}$ is the GMC mass, and including attenuation of the cosmic-ray fluxes. For most Galactic GMCs and conditions, FUV photodissociation dominates over cosmic-ray ionization for the production of the HI column densities. Furthermore, the cosmic-rays do not affect the HI-to-H$_2$ transition points., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2023

29. [CII] Emission in a Self-Regulated Interstellar Medium

Author

Gurman, Alon, Hu, Chia-Yu, Sternberg, Amiel, and van Dishoeck, Ewine F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The [CII] 157.74 $\mu$m fine structure transition is one of the brightest and most well-studied emission lines in the far-infrared (FIR), produced in the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. We study its properties in sub-pc resolution hydrodynamical simulations for an ISM patch with gas surface density of $\Sigma_{\rm{g}}=10\;M_{\odot}\;\rm{pc}^{-2}$, coupled with time-dependent chemistry, far-ultraviolet (FUV) dust and gas shielding, star formation, photoionization and supernova (SN) feedback, and full line-radiative transfer. We find a [CII]-to-H$_2$ conversion factor that scales weakly with metallicity $X_{\rm{[CII]}}=6.31\times 10^{19} \;Z^{\prime\;0.17}\; \rm{cm}^{-2}\;(\rm{K}\;\rm{km}\;\rm{s}^{-1})^{-1}$, where $Z^{\prime}$ is the normalized metallicity relative to solar. {The majority of [CII] originates from atomic gas with hydrogen number density $n\sim 10~{\rm cm^{-3}}$.} The [CII] line intensity positively correlates with the star formation rate (SFR), with a normalization factor that scales linearly with metallicity. We find that this is broadly consistent with $z\sim0$ observations. As such, [CII] is a good SFR tracer even in metal-poor environments where molecular lines might be undetectable. Resolving the clumpy structure of the dense ($n=10-10^3\;\rm{cm}^{-3}$) interstellar medium (ISM) is important as it dominates [CII] 157.74 $\mu$m emission. We compare our full radiative transfer computation with the optically-thin limit and find that the [CII] line becomes marginally optically thick only at super-solar metallicity for our assumed gas surface density., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2023

30. Computer Science Teacher Capacity: The Need for Expanded Understanding

Author

Amiel, David and Blitz, Cynthia

Abstract

With the increasing need for the incorporation of computer science (CS) concepts into elementary and secondary education, it is imperative that the teaching workforce is adequately prepared to ensure that instruction in CS is robust, relevant, and aligned with appropriate learning standards, where appropriate. This paper shares results from a recent survey administered to current computer science educators across the K-12 space in the state of New Jersey. Using these results and recent literature, this research distills actionable, assessed needs to guide the provision of professional learning to ensure that educators have the necessary tools and knowledge to ensure robust and equitable implementation of computer science education. Results point towards a need to expand the present understanding of computer science by effectively differentiating CS from technology-based instruction and addressing an overrepresentation of analytical content domains, reaffirm a commitment to equity by acknowledging the persistent gaps in participation of marginalized student groups, and critically examine when and where the use of technology is necessary in delivering CS instruction.

Published
2022

34. Reconstrucción del paleo-relieve del área del Volcán Xitle (Ciudad de México) y su impacto en la trayectoria de sus derrames de lava mediante simulaciones probabilísticas

Author

Mariana Sandoval García, Amiel Nieto-Torres, and Ana Lillian Martin Del Pozzo

Subjects
derrame de lava, paleo-relieve, paleo-ríos, simulación, reconstrucción, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract

La topografía prexistente jugó un papel fundamental en definir la trayectoria de los derrames de lava del Xitle. El Xitle es de los volcanes monogenéticos más jóvenes del sur de la Ciudad de México. Su erupción se caracterizó por emisiones menores de ceniza y de nueve derrames de lava pahoehoe y aa que cubrieron 78.94 km2. En este trabajo se reconstruyó el paleo-relieve del área del volcán Xitle para mejorar el conocimiento del pa- leo-drenaje y cómo determinó la trayectoria de los derrames de lava y la formación de tubos de lava. Se identificaron los depósitos de los volcanes pre-Xitle (Complejo Volcánico San Miguel, Ajusco, Cuilotepec, Coatzontle, Yololica y Malinale) según la morfología del relieve actual. Se modificaron las curvas de nivel del relieve actual para eliminar la topografía de los derrames de lava del Xitle y mediante la creación de una superficie ráster a partir de un TIN, se obtuvo un modelo digital de elevación del paleo-relieve. La distribución de los paleo-ríos se definió mediante el análisis de la acumulación y dirección de flujo en el paleo-relieve. Los derrames de lava del Xitle se simularon individualmente en el paleo-relieve con el programa probabilístico Q-LavHA. Se integraron las observaciones hechas en campo y estudios previos del volcán Xitle para definir los parámetros de las simulaciones de los derrames. Los derrames de lava del volcán Xitle cubrieron los depósitos de los volcanes pre-Xitle con excepción de las partes más altas como el caso del cono del volcán Cuilotepec y los montículos (hummocks) del Ajusco. Las lavas modificaron los cauces de algunos paleo-ríos (e.g. Magdalena) y rellenaron por completo otros (e.g. Cuicuilco). Las simulaciones muestran que las trayectorias de los derrames y la existencia y distribución de los tubos de lava están asociados a variaciones en la tasa de efusión, la disposición de los paleo-ríos, la morfología de los depósitos pre-Xitle y la abrupta pendiente del paleo-relieve.

Published
2024
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35. Magnetic Kidney Stone Removal

Author

Schwaminger Sebastian P., Busse Madleen, Amiel Thomas, Srinivasan Shyam, Turrina Chiara, Ebel Florian, and Straub Michael

Subjects
urolithiasis, kidney stones, magnetic particles, iron oxide, magnetic separtation, ureterenoscopy, Medicine
Abstract

Residual fragments can remain after kidney stone extraction which may necessitate another intervention. A new approach needs to be developedis needed to lower the risk of disease severe side effects caused by these fragments. Magnetic nanoparticles can be applied due to their properties of being able to bind to residual fragments and to be extracted by an external magnetic field. Fractals and magnetic nanoparticles have been synthesized and characterized thoroughly. The small nanoparticles bind covalently to the kidney stones and a magnetic extraction of calcium oxalate fractals with magnetic nanoparticles is possible. The aggregation of nanoscale iron oxide nanoparticles can be induced with the addition of salt which improves the extraction process. The separation is validated by simulation and experimentally in a porcine kidney as well as in artificial kidney models. This proof-of-concept study successfullyis the fundament for a new waydemonstrated of extracting kidney stones extraction and including their fractals and might pave the way for new procedures in urology.

Published
2024
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36. Personality vulnerability to depression, resilience, and depressive symptoms: epigenetic markers among perinatal women

Author

Rita T. Amiel Castro, Elena Gardini, Stavros I. Iliadis, Ulrike Ehlert, Theodora Kunovac Kallak, and Alkistis Skalkidou

Subjects
trauma, resilience, depressive symptoms, pregnancy, epigenetics, Medicine
Abstract

Background: We examined differences in DNA methylation patterns in the NR3C1 and FKBP5 genes in relation to personality vulnerability to depression, resilience, and perinatal depressive symptoms, whilst also considering possible moderating effects of childhood traumatic events. Methods: N = 160 perinatal women were assessed at late pregnancy and 1 year postpartum for personality vulnerability to depression, resilience, depressive symptoms, and childhood traumatic events with self-reported questionnaires. NR3C1 and FKBP5 methylation markers were analyzed via sodium bisulfite sequencing. Associations of methylation markers with the above mentioned variables were tested using multivariable regressions. Results: NR3C1 methylation at CpGs 1, 4 and average methylation sites were negatively associated with resilience; NR3C1 methylation at CpG 2 was positively associated with postpartum depressive symptoms; methylation at CpG 4 was positively associated with prenatal depressive symptoms. The interaction between current distress due to interpersonal traumatic events and NR3C1 CpG sites in relation to personality vulnerability was significant on CpG sites 3 and 4, whereas the interaction between current distress due to total traumatic events and NR3C1 in relation to personality vulnerability was significant on CpG site 2. FKBP5 showed no significant associations with the outcomes. Conclusions: This study identified associations between NR3C1 methylation and resilience as well as perinatal depressive symptoms. Interestingly, an interaction between early trauma and personality vulnerability was noted. Our findings on these specific DNA methylation markers may, if replicated and integrated into risk prediction models, contribute to early diagnosis of mothers at risk, targeted health promotion, and early interventions.

Published
2024
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37. Development and evaluation of an Arduino-based multi-sensor aquaculture water quality monitoring kit

Author

Izza Amiel P. Calajate, Trixie A. Babala, Ayume L. Paulite, Maria Hanna Isabelle V. Lagrisola, Althea Marie D. Aguilan, Daryll Z. Dela Pasion, Cedric Jay A. De Vera, Godwin Andrei C. Cruz, Clven Louis V. Factor, Jazmine Pia L. Templonuevo, Zarah M. Lamzaghi, Kenneth Gabriel Z. Riñon, and Jonathan A. De los Santos

Subjects
aquaculture, arduino, water quality monitoring, sensors, real-time alerts, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

Fish farmers struggle with the problem of fish mortality due to climate change, poisoning, and bad water quality. Estimates on the mortality of fishes ranges from 60% to 80% depending on the type of fish. Traditional approaches in monitoring the quality of water such as observation or laboratory testing prove to be costly and time-consuming. This study aims to develop a portable water quality monitoring kit for fish farms. The device allows users to monitor the water's dissolved oxygen, nitrogen, total dissolved solids, turbidity, temperature, and pH level. It is powered by a rechargeable battery, uses an Arduino microcontroller, and has a real-time alert system. The device's limitations include the battery life and the sensors will need to be recalibrated at least monthly to ensure the accuracy of the readings. However, the results show that the implementation of the device garnered high acceptability in all parameters in the evaluation with a total mean rating of 4.66. This implies that the device can be used in monitoring the water quality in aquaculture sectors as corroborated by the respondent's evaluation. It is recommended to enhance the device by adding more water quality sensors and integrating Internet of Things (IoT) capabilities to further improve its functionality and reliability.

Published
2024
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38. Behind the Scenes: An Analysis of Policy Networks in the Contemporary Israeli Education Landscape

Author

May Amiel, Miri Yemini, and Amit Rechavi

Abstract

We investigate the sub-networks involved in education policy in Israel in recent years, using Mixed Methods Social Networks Analysis - drawn from combined analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. Our objective was to comprehensively explore the Israeli education policy network to deliver an understanding of its structure, actors, and relationships. Our research offers a descriptive, analytical, and interpretive account of the contemporary Israeli education policy sector, including the actors involved, central policy sub-networks and organizations, and their relationships. We analyze dependence relations within the sub-networks using Resource Dependency Theory and Policy Networks Typology. Our findings contribute to understanding the dynamics of Israeli education policy networks and their perceived influence on policy-making and enactment processes. To the international field of educational policy-related research, we introduce a novel category of policy network actors, previously unaddressed as a distinct type. We have termed this category 'Ethos networks' to characterize this group of actors and elaborate on its significance within the field. Additionally, we underline the importance of considering external societal and political factors in education policy-making.

Published
2024
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39. Silvanite AuAgTe$_4$: a rare case of gold superconducting material

Author

Amiel, Yehezkel, Kafle, Gyanu P., Komleva, Evgenia V., Greenberg, Eran, Ponosov, Yuri S., Chariton, Stella, Lavina, Barbara, Zhang, Dongzhou, Palevski, Alexander, Ushakov, Alexey V., Mori, Hitoshi, Khomskii, Daniel I., Mazin, Igor I., Streltsov, Sergey V., Margine, Elena R., and Rozenberg, Gregory Kh.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Gold is one of the most inert metals, forming very few compounds, some with rather interesting properties, and only two of them currently known to be superconducting under certain conditions (AuTe$_2$ and SrAuSi$_3$). Compounds of another noble element, Ag, are also relatively rare, and very few of them are superconducting. Finding new superconducting materials containing gold (and silver) is a challenge - especially having in mind that the best high-$T_c$ superconductors at normal conditions are based upon their rather close ''relative'', Cu. Here we report combined X-ray diffraction, Raman, and resistivity measurements, as well as first-principles calculations, to explore the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the properties of the sylvanite mineral, AuAgTe$_4$. Our experimental results, supported by density functional theory, reveal a structural phase transition at $\sim$5 GPa from a monoclinic $P2/c$ to $P2/m$ phase, resulting in almost identical coordinations of Au and Ag ions, with rather uniform interatomic distances. Further, resistivity measurements show the onset of superconductivity at $\sim$1.5 GPa in the $P2/c$ phase, followed by a linear increase of $T_c$ up to the phase transition, with a maximum in the $P2/m$ phase, and a gradual decrease afterwards. Our calculations indicate phonon-mediated superconductivity, with the electron-phonon coupling coming predominantly from the low-energy phonon modes. Thus, along with the discovery of a new superconducting compound of gold/silver, our results advance understanding of the mechanism of the superconductivity in Au-containing compounds, which may pave the way to the discovery of novel ones.

Published
2023

40. Co-evolution of Dust and Chemistry in Galaxy Simulations with a Resolved Interstellar Medium

Author

Hu, Chia-Yu, Sternberg, Amiel, and van Dishoeck, Ewine F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Nearby dwarf irregular galaxies are ideal laboratories for studying the interstellar medium (ISM) at low metallicity, which is expected to be common for galaxies at very high redshift being observed by the James Webb Space Telescope. We present the first high-resolution ($\sim 0.2$~pc) hydrodynamical simulations of an isolated low-metallicity ($0.1~Z_\odot$) dwarf galaxy coupled with a time-dependent chemistry network and a dust evolution model where dust is locally produced and destroyed by various processes. To accurately model carbon monoxide (CO), we post-process the simulations with a detailed chemistry network including the time-dependent effect of molecular hydrogen (H$_2$). Our model successfully reproduces the observed star formation rate and CO(1-0) luminosity ($L_{\rm CO}$). We find that dust growth in dense gas is required to reproduce the observed $L_{\rm CO}$ as otherwise CO would be completely photodissociated. In contrast, the H$_2$ abundance is extremely small and is insensitive to dust growth, leading to a CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor that is only slightly higher than the Milky Way value despite the low metallicity. An observationally inferred dust-to-gas ratio is thus underestimated if adopting the metallicity-dependent CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor. The newly-produced dust in dense gas mixes with the ISM through supernova feedback without being completely destroyed by sputtering, which leads to galactic outflows 20% - 50% dustier than the ISM, providing a possible source for intergalactic dust., Comment: ApJ accepted. 19 pages, 10 figures

Published
2023
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41. Hyperion: The origin of the stars A far-UV space telescope for high-resolution spectroscopy over wide fields

Author

Hamden, Erika, Schiminovich, David, Nikzad, Shouleh, Turner, Neal J., Burkhart, Blakesley, Haworth, Thomas J., Hoadley, Keri, Kim, Jinyoung Serena, Bialyh, Shmuel, Bryden, Geoff, Chung, Haeun, Imara, Nia, Kennicutt, Rob, Pineda, Jorge, Konga, Shuo, Hasegawa, Yasuhiro, Pascucci, Ilaria, Godard, Benjamin, Krumholz, Mark, Lee, Min-Young, Seifried, Daniel, Sternberg, Amiel, Walch, Stefanie, Smith, Miles, Unwin, Stephen C., Luthman, Elizabeth, Kiessling, Alina, McGuire, James P., Rais-Zadeh, Mina, Hoenk, Michael, Pavlak, Thomas, Vargas, Carlos, and Kim, Daewook

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We present Hyperion, a mission concept recently proposed to the December 2021 NASA Medium Explorer announcement of opportunity. Hyperion explores the formation and destruction of molecular clouds and planet-forming disks in nearby star-forming regions of the Milky Way. It does this using long-slit, high-resolution spectroscopy of emission from fluorescing molecular hydrogen, which is a powerful far-ultraviolet (FUV) diagnostic. Molecular hydrogen (H2) is the most abundant molecule in the universe and a key ingredient for star and planet formation, but is typically not observed directly because its symmetric atomic structure and lack of a dipole moment mean there are no spectral lines at visible wavelengths and few in the infrared. Hyperion uses molecular hydrogen's wealth of FUV emission lines to achieve three science objectives: (1) determining how star formation is related to molecular hydrogen formation and destruction at the boundaries of molecular clouds; (2) determining how quickly and by what process massive star feedback disperses molecular clouds; and (3) determining the mechanism driving the evolution of planet-forming disks around young solar-analog stars. Hyperion conducts this science using a straightforward, highly-efficient, single-channel instrument design. Hyperion's instrument consists of a 48 cm primary mirror, with an f/5 focal ratio. The spectrometer has two modes, both covering 138.5-161.5 nm bandpasses. A low resolution mode has a spectral resolution of R>10,000 with a slit length of 65 arcmin, while the high resolution mode has a spectral resolution of R>50,000 over a slit length of 5 armin. Hyperion occupies a 2 week long, high-earth, Lunar resonance TESS-like orbit, and conducts 2 weeks of planned observations per orbit, with time for downlinks and calibrations. Hyperion was reviewed as Category I, which is the highest rating possible, but was not selected., Comment: Accepted to JATIS, 9 Figures

Published
2022

42. Latent SHAP: Toward Practical Human-Interpretable Explanations

Author

Bitton, Ron, Malach, Alon, Meiseles, Amiel, Momiyama, Satoru, Araki, Toshinori, Furukawa, Jun, Elovici, Yuval, and Shabtai, Asaf

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Model agnostic feature attribution algorithms (such as SHAP and LIME) are ubiquitous techniques for explaining the decisions of complex classification models, such as deep neural networks. However, since complex classification models produce superior performance when trained on low-level (or encoded) features, in many cases, the explanations generated by these algorithms are neither interpretable nor usable by humans. Methods proposed in recent studies that support the generation of human-interpretable explanations are impractical, because they require a fully invertible transformation function that maps the model's input features to the human-interpretable features. In this work, we introduce Latent SHAP, a black-box feature attribution framework that provides human-interpretable explanations, without the requirement for a fully invertible transformation function. We demonstrate Latent SHAP's effectiveness using (1) a controlled experiment where invertible transformation functions are available, which enables robust quantitative evaluation of our method, and (2) celebrity attractiveness classification (using the CelebA dataset) where invertible transformation functions are not available, which enables thorough qualitative evaluation of our method.

Published
2022

49. Long Covid: a global health issue – a prospective, cohort study set in four continents

Author

Synne Jenum, Renaud Tamisier, Clark D Russell, Rachel Evans, Piero Valentini, Sylvain Diamantis, Dominique Deplanque, Jordi Rello, Agnes Meybeck, Maxime Hentzien, Clotilde Allavena, André Cabié, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Patrick Rossignol, Lionel Piroth, Mathieu Blot, Marie-Pierre Debray, François Angoulvant, Marc Leone, Ewen M Harrison, Maria Zambon, Michael Edelstein, Florentia Kaguelidou, Marc Lambert, Olivier Lairez, Tom Solomon, Carrol Gamble, Laura Marsh, Christiana Kartsonaki, Natalie Wright, Behzad Nadjm, Srinivas Murthy, Gail Carson, Jake Dunning, Laura Merson, Peter Horby, Timothy M Uyeki, Piero Olliaro, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Stephen R Knight, Thomas M Drake, Marlene Murris, Aurore Bousquet, Kenneth A McLean, Hugues Cordel, Marc Fabre, Laurence Bouillet, Katrina Hann, Xavier Duval, James Lee, Christian Rabaud, Paul Klenerman, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Jean-François Timsit, Jennifer Lee, David J Lowe, Nicolas Terzi, Saad Nseir, Gwenhaël Colin, Steve Webb, Kalynn Kennon, Caroline Mudara, Diana Hernández, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Jean-François Payen, Samreen Ijaz, Joanne McPeake, Meera Chand, Catherine A Shaw, Cameron J Fairfield, Bruno Levy, Eric D'ortenzio, Pierre Delobel, Tiphaine Goulenok, Bronner P Gonçalves, Arnaud Scherpereel, Danilo Buonsenso, Mark G Pritchard, Susanne Dudman, Adrien Auvet, Caterina Caminiti, Debby Bogaert, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Merce Jourdain, Sue Smith, Jia Wei, Antoine Khalil, Clément Le Bihan, Nathalie Pansu, Vincent Le Moing, Victor Fomin, Christophe Fraser, Daniel Munblit, William Greenhalf, François-Xavier Lescure, Nicolas Carlier, Saye Khoo, Annemarie B Docherty, Christopher A Green, Riinu Pius, Louise Sigfrid, Sophie Halpin, Clare Jackson, Antonia Ho, Malcolm G Semple, Andrew Dagens, Carlo Palmieri, Lance Turtle, Zeno Bisoffi, Thomas Flament, Julie Mankikian, Romain Basmaci, Peter Openshaw, Rob Fowler, Tom Fletcher, Adrien Lemaignen, Pierre Tattevin, Christelle Delmas, Hélène Espérou, Claire Lévy-Marchal, Olivier Picone, Jeanne Sibiude, Cecile Yelnik, Michelle Girvan, Piero L Olliaro, Beatrice Alex, Benjamin Bach, Wendy S Barclay, Graham S Cooke, Ana da Silva Filipe, Alexander J Mentzer, Alison M Meynert, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Shona C Moore, Massimo Palmarini, William A Paxton, Georgios Pollakis, David L Robertson, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Janet T Scott, Shiranee Sriskandan, David Stuart, Charlotte Summers, Emma C Thomson, Ryan S Thwaites, Lance C W Turtle, Hayley Hardwick, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Fiona Griffiths, Jo Dalton, Egle Saviciute, Stephanie Roberts, Janet Harrison, Marie Connor, Gary Leeming, Ross Hendry, Victoria Shaw, Jade Ghosn, Lucille Blumberg, Nicolas Benech, Odile Launay, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Minh Le, Elise Artaud-Macari, Muge Cevik, Nicola Latronico, Mylène Maillet, Didier Laureillard, Ben Morton, Claire Hastie, Nicholas Sedillot, Anne-Sophie Boureau, Laurent Abel, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Valérie Garrait, Isabelle Delacroix, Andrea Cortegiani, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Raphaël Borie, Kévin Bouiller, Vincent Langlois, Mélanie Roriz, Vincent Dubée, John H Amuasi, Madiha Hashmi, Edwin Jesudason, Jan Cato Holter, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Luis Felipe Reyes, Anna Beltrame, Sulaiman Lakoh, Stéphanie Fry, Lynsey Goodwin, Laurent Plantier, Anna Casey, Denis Malvy, Nina Jamieson, François Dubos, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Paola Rodari, Frank Bloos, Cécile Tromeur, Paul Loubet, Marina Esposito-Farèse, France Mentré, Valérie Gaborieau, Cécile Goujard, Vincent Thibault, Adam Ali, Sadie Kelly, Fernando A Bozza, Bertrand Dussol, Marion Schneider, Marielle Buisson, Yves Levy, Carine Roy, Walter Picard, Olivier Sanchez, Nazir Lone, Antoine Kimmoun, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Julien Poissy, Lila Bouadma, Bruno Lina, Maude Bouscambert, Alexandre Gaymard, Gilles Peytavin, Jeremie Guedj, Claire Andrejak, Cedric Laouenan, Anissa Chair, Samira Laribi, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Alpha Diallo, Sarah Tubiana, Patrick Imbert, Emmanuelle Mercier, Waasila Jassat, Arsene Kpangon, Dominique Luton, Simone Piva, Sophie Mahy, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, Sarah Moore, Raphael Favory, Andrea Angheben, Andrea Rossanese, Matthew Hall, Johann Auchabie, Christophe Rapp, Vincent Peigne, Fredrik Müller, Christl A Donnelly, François Goehringer, Elodie Curlier, Catherine Chirouze, Vegard Skogen, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Laurent Bitker, Hodane Yonis, Laurent Mandelbrot, Jérémie Pasquier, Bato Hammarström, Thushan de Silva, Polina Bugaeva, Julie Chas, Dario Sinatti, Arne Søraas, Murray Wham, Sara Clohisey, Seán Keating, Thibault Chiarabini, Agnes Sommet, Hugues Aumaître, Charlotte Charpentier, Sylvie LeGac, Sarah E McDonald, Jeanne Truong, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Mariachiara Ippolito, Ellen Pauley, Diane Descamps, Sérgio Gaião, Stéphane Lasry, Amanda Rojek, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Sebastien Preau, Benoit Thill, Karine Faure, Denis Garot, Grégory Corvaisier, Elsa Nyamankolly, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Eva Geraud, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Kévin Alexandre, Nathalie Allou, Séverine Ansart, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Valeria Balan, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Jules Bauer, Alexandra Bedossa, Husna Begum, Marine Beluze, Delphine Bergeaud, Giulia Bertoli, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Krishna Bhavsar, Laetitia Bodenes, Isabela Bolaños, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Camile Bouisse, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Axelle Braconnier, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Valentine Campana, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Thierry Carmoi, Marie-Christine Carret, Maire-Laure Casanova, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, François-Xavier Catherine, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Catherine Chakveatze, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Antoine Cheret, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Alexa Debard, Nathalie DeCastro, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Karen Delavigne, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Mathilde Desvallées, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Félix Djossou, Céline Dorival, Nathalie Dournon, Murray Dryden, Alexandre Ducancelle, Paul Dunand, Brigitte Elharrar, Philippine Eloy, Isabelle Enderle, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Manuel Etienne, Isabelle Fabre, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Erwan Fourn, Rostane Gaci, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Tristan Gigante, Guillermo Giordano, Valérie Gissot, Petr Glybochko, Marie Gominet, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Pascal Granier, Segolène Greffe, Martin Guego, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Thomas Guimard, Ali Hachemi, Nadir Hadri, Rebecca Hamidfar, Lars Heggelund, Rupert Higgins, Hikombo Hitoto, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Ikram Houas, Margaux Isnard, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Florence Jego, Cédric Joseph, Ouifiya Kafif, Sabina Kali, Younes Kerroumi, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Antonio Lalueza, Marie Langelot-Richard, Delphine Lariviere, Andy Law, Laurent Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Quentin Lepiller, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Geoffrey Liegeon, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Marine Livrozet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Liem Luong, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Rafael Mahieu, Thomas Maitre, Victoria Manda, Aldric Manuel, Samuel Markowicz, Martin Martinot, Mathieu Mattei, Laurence Maulin, Thierry Mazzoni, Cécile Mear-Passard, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Vanina Meysonnier, Mehdi Mezidi, Isabelle Michelet, Lucia Moro, Julien Moyet, Jimmy Mullaert, Nadège Neant, Nikita Nekliudov, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Eric Oziol, Justine Pages Maïder Pagadoy, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Bruno Pastene, Christelle Paul, Florent Peelman, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Vincent Pestre, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Diane Ponscarme, Marie Rafiq, Blandine Rammaert, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Laurent Richier, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Olivier Robineau, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Benoît Roze, Hélène Salvator, Pierre-François Sandrine, Benjamine Sarton, Eric Senneville, Albert Sotto, Sarah Stabler, Andrey Svistunov, Coralie Tardivon, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Peter S Timashev, Noémie Tissot, Tiffany Trouillon, Christelle Tual, Noémie Vanel, Charline Vauchy, Aurélie Veislinger, Fanny Vuotto, Aurélie Wiedemann, Marion Zabbe, David Zucman, Silvio Hamacher, Ekaterina Pazukhina, Allegra Chatterjee, Kyle Gomez, Matteo Puntoni, Oksana Kruglova, Yock Ping Chow, Yash Doshi, Sara Isabel Duque Vallejo, Elsa D Ibáñez-Prada, Yuli V Fuentes, Margaret E O'Hara, Tigist Menkir, Amal Abrous, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Aliya Mohammed Alameen, Marta Alessi, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jean Baptiste Assie, Eyvind W Axelsen, John Kenneth Baillie, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Jose Andres Calvache, Léo Chenard, Juan Luis Cruz Bermúdez, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Charlene Da Silveira, John Arne Dahl, Etienne De Montmollin, Cristina De Rose, Fernanda Dias Da Silva, Thomas Drake, Amiel A Dror, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Mohammed El Sanharawi, William Finlayson, Aline-Marie Florence, Linda Gail Skeie, Noelia García Barrio, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Yanay Gorelik, Mette Stausland Istre, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Galyna Kutsyna, Nadhem Lafhej, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Hervé Le Nagard, Sophie Letrou, Wei Shen Lim, Andreas Lind, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Miles Lunn, Olga Martynenko, Roberta Meta, Lina Morales Cely, Clara Mouton Perrot, Alamin Mustafa, Karl Erik Müller, Ebrahim Ndure, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Paul Otiku, Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Chiara Piubelli, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Antonia Ricchiuto, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Nadia Saidani, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Nassima Si Mohammed, Lene Bergendal Solberg, Edouard Soum, Elisabetta Spinuzza, Trude Steinsvik, Birgitte Stiksrud, Mathew Thorpe, Vadim Tieroshyn, Kristian Tonby, Anders Tveita, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Paul Henri Wicky, Ibrahim Richard Bangura, Leonardo Bastos, Daniel Cassaglia, Barbara Citarella, Sarah Duque, Anne Margarita Dyrhol Riise, Annelies Gillesen, Bronner P Goncalvez, Margareta O’Hara, Lars Hegelund, Aquiles Henriquez Trujillo, Elsa D Ibañez, Jane Ireson, Oksana Krugalova, Sam Lissaeur, Sinnadurai Manohan, Prasan K Panda, Daniel R Plotkin, Liliana Resende, Sergio Ruiz Saltana, Steffi Ryckaert, Girish Sindhwani Pulm, and Caroline Vika

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Introduction A proportion of people develop Long Covid after acute COVID-19, but with most studies concentrated in high-income countries (HICs), the global burden is largely unknown. Our study aims to characterise long-term COVID-19 sequelae in populations globally and compare the prevalence of reported symptoms in HICs and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods A prospective, observational study in 17 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America, including adults with confirmed COVID-19 assessed at 2 to

Published
2024
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50. Global, regional, and national progress towards the 2030 global nutrition targets and forecasts to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author

Arndt, Michael Benjamin, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Adamu, Kidist, Adane, Denberu Eshetie, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Saira, Agodi, Antonella, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Luai A A, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akonde, Maxwell, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Thaher, Yazan, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alhabib, Khalid F, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Syed Shujait, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almustanyir, Sami, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Al-Tammemi, Alaa B, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amiri, Sohrab, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Anagaw, Tadele Fentabel Fentabil, Ancuceanu, Robert, Angappan, Dhanalakshmi, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ariffin, Hany, Aripov, Timur, Arkew, Mesay, Armocida, Benedetta, Arumugam, Ashokan, Aryastami, Ni Ketut, Asaad, Malke, Asemi, Zatollah, Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atomsa, Gamechu Hunde, Atorkey, Prince, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azevedo, Rui M S, B, Darshan B, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagheri, Nasser, Bagherieh, Sara, Baig, Atif Amin, Baker, Jennifer L, Balasubramanian, Madhan, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Barchitta, Martina, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barr, Ronald D, Barrow, Amadou, Barua, Lingkan, Bashiri, Azadeh, Baskaran, Pritish, Basu, Saurav, Bekele, Alehegn, Belay, Sefealem Assefa, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bell, Shelly L, Belo, Luis, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Beressa, Girma, Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C, Beyene, Habtamu B, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bodolica, Virginia, Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad, Braithwaite, Dejana, Butt, Muhammad Hammad, Butt, Zahid A, Calina, Daniela, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos, Luciana Aparecida, Cao, Chao, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carvalho, Márcia, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catapano, Alberico L, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia, Cembranel, Francieli, Cerin, Ester, Chadwick, Joshua, Chalek, Julian, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chauhan, Kirti, Chien, Ju-Huei, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Claro, Rafael M, Columbus, Alyssa, Cortese, Samuele, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, Dabo, Bashir, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, D'Amico, Emanuele, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darban, Isaac, Darmstadt, Gary L, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Darwish, Amira Hamed, Das, Jai K, Das, Saswati, Davletov, Kairat, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Debele, Aklilu Tamire, Demeke, Dessalegn, Demissie, Solomon, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Diress, Mengistie, Djalalinia, Shirin, Doaei, Saeid, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Edalati, Sareh, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, Elbarazi, Iffat, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou, Eshetu, Habitu Birhan, Espinosa-Montero, Juan, Esubalew, Habtamu, Etaee, Farshid, Etafa, Werku, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich, Falzone, Luca, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Farmer, Sam, Fasanmi, Abidemi Omolara, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Feigin, Valery L, Feizkhah, Alireza, Feng, Xiaoqi, Ferrara, Pietro, Fetensa, Getahun, Fischer, Florian, Fitzgerald, Ryan, Flood, David, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Fowobaje, Kayode Raphael, Franklin, Richard Charles, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaihre, Santosh, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Galali, Yaseen, Galehdar, Nasrin, Gardner, William M, Garg, Priyanka, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Gerema, Urge, Getacher, Lemma, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Getawa, Solomon, Ghaffari, Kazem, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad, Ghassemi, Fariba, Ghith, Nermin, Gholamalizadeh, Maryam, Gholami, Ali, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Ghozy, Sherief, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K, Glasbey, James C, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Goudarzi, Houman, Grivna, Michal, Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gudayu, Temesgen Worku, Guha, Avirup, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Gupta, Anish Kumar, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Hagins, Hailey, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Handal, Alexis J, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassanipour, Soheil, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, He, Jiawei, Heidari-Foroozan, Mahsa, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hessami, Kamran, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Holla, Ramesh, Hoogar, Praveen, Hossain, Sheikh Jamal, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Huang, Junjie, Humphrey, Kyle Matthew, Hussain, Salman, Hussien, Foziya Mohammed, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iacoviello, Licia, Iftikhar, Pulwasha Maria, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Immurana, Mustapha, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Iravanpour, Farideh, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iso, Hiroyasu, Isola, Gaetano, Iwagami, Masao, Iwu, Chidozie Declan, J, Linda Merin, Jacob, Louis, Jahrami, Haitham, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamshidi, Elham, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jayanna, Krishnamurthy, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jebai, Rime, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jeswani, Bijay Mukesh, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Abel, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kaambwa, Billingsley, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kamal, Vineet Kumar, Kamble, Bhushan Dattatray, Kandel, Himal, Kapoor, Neeti, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Kauppila, Joonas H, Kaur, Harkiran, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kebede, Worku Misganaw, Kebira, Jemal Yusuf, Keflie, Tibebeselassie S, Kerr, Jessica A, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Taimoor, Khan, Yusra H, Khanali, Javad, Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh, Khatab, Khaled, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khateri, Sorour, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kifle, Zemene Demelash, Kim, Gyu Ri, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kompani, Farzad, Kondlahalli, Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Korzh, Oleksii, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmanova, Almagul, Kurmi, Om P, Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Larsson, Anders O, Latief, Kamaluddin, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Sang-woong, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Lenzi, Jacopo, Li, Ming-Chieh, Li, Wei, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Stephen S, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Lo, Chun-Han, Lo, Justin, Lodha, Rakesh, Loreche, Arianna Maever, Lorenzovici, László, Lorkowski, Stefan, Madadizadeh, Farzan, Madureira-Carvalho, Áurea M, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Makris, Konstantinos Christos, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Manguerra, Helena, Marjani, Abdoljalal, Martini, Santi, Martorell, Miquel, Masrie, Awoke, Mathews, Elezebeth, Maugeri, Andrea, Mazaheri, Maryam, Mediratta, Rishi P, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mensah, George A, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirghafourvand, Mojgan, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirza, Moonis, Misra, Sanjeev, Mithra, Prasanna, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohseni, Mohammad, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moradi, Maryam, Moradi, Yousef, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mougin, Vincent, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Mulita, Francesk, Munblit, Daniel, Murillo-Zamora, Efren, Murray, Christopher J L, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nangia, Vinay, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Natto, Zuhair S, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Nguyen, Phuong The, Nguyen, QuynhAnh P, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Noor, Nurulamin M, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Nurrika, Dieta, Nwatah, Vincent Ebuka, Oancea, Bogdan, Obamiro, Kehinde O, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Ogunsakin, Ropo Ebenezer, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okello, Daniel Micheal, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olana, Diriba Dereje, Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ong, Sok King, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V, Ortiz, Alberto, Ostojic, Sergej M, Otoiu, Adrian, Oumer, Abdu, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Anamika, Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R, Papadopoulou, Paraskevi, Pardhan, Shahina, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Jay, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Paudel, Deepak, Pawar, Shrikant, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira, Gavin, Pereira, Marcos, Perico, Norberto, Perna, Simone, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Petermann-Rocha, Fanny Emily, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Plakkal, Nishad, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Radfar, Amir, Radhakrishnan, Venkatraman, Raggi, Catalina, Raghav, Pankaja, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Azizur, Rahman, Md Mosfequr, Rahman, Md Obaidur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Raimondo, Ivano, Rajaa, Sathish, Rajput, Prashant, Ram, Pradhum, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramazanu, Sheena, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rao, Sowmya J, Rasali, Drona Prakash, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Redwan, Elrashdy M Moustafa Mohamed, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rengasamy, Kannan RR, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaee, Malihe, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Riad, Abanoub, Rickard, Jennifer, Rodriguez, Alina, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo, Rohloff, Peter, Roy, Bedanta, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, S N, Chandan, Saad, Aly M A, Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, Sabour, Siamak, Sachdeva Dhingra, Mamta, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Sadeghi, Erfan, Sadeghi, Malihe, Sadeghian, Saeid, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Safi, Sher Zaman, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Sankararaman, Senthilkumar, Santos, Itamar S, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sargazi, Saman, Sarikhani, Yaser, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Sayeed, Abu, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Schlaich, Markus P, Schneider, Rachel D, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serban, Dragos, Seylani, Allen, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Pritik A, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shama, Adisu Tafari T, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shanawaz, Mohd, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shiri, Rahman, Shivarov, Velizar, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shuval, Kerem, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Smith, Amanda E, Solomon, Yonatan, Song, Yi, Sorensen, Reed J D, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suleman, Muhammad, Sun, Jing, Sunuwar, Dev Ram, Szeto, Mindy D, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabatabai, Shima, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze JL, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Tariku, Zerihun, Tariqujjaman, Md, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tat, Nathan Y, Taye, Birhan Tsegaw, Taylor, Heather Jean, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapar, Rekha, Thiyagarajan, Arulmani, Thrift, Amanda G, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tillawi, Tala, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Ullah, Sana, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Ushula, Tolassa Wakayo, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vakilian, Alireza, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verma, Madhur, Veroux, Massimiliano, Vervoort, Dominique, Vlassov, Vasily, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vukovic, Rade, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Cong, Wang, Fang, Wassie, Molla Mesele, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Wei, Melissa Y, Werdecker, Andrea, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wolde, Asrat Arja, Wubetie, Gedif Ashebir, Wulandari, Ratna Dwi, Xu, Rongbin, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yadav, Lalit, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Yehualashet, Sisay Shewasinad, Yiğit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yon, Dong Keon, Yu, Chuanhua, Yuan, Chun-Wei, Zamagni, Giulia, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zanghì, Aurora, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zare, Iman, Zastrozhin, Michael, Zigler, Bethany, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zou, Zhiyong, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, and Reiner, Robert C, Jr

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2024
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