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The article provides a brief description of organizational and technical measures aimed at ensuring radiation safety during the decommissioning of the heavy-water research nuclear reactor of Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics after A.I. Alikhanov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute». Information is provided on the history and features of the operation of the reactor, including parameters and characteristics that are significant for planning and conducting work. The peculiarities of legal regulation in the field of ensuring radiation safety are given; regulatory acts and rules accompanying other activities during decommissioning and directly related to radiation safety are also considered. The paper describes the work done in preparation for dismantling, the initial and current state of the installation, forthcoming work with examples of dismantled equipment. Methods for handling radioactive waste arising during decommissioning are considered, including methods for fragmentation of large structural elements (examples of mechanical devices are given), methods for sorting according to different specific activity (high activity, low activity), radionuclide composition and physical properties (solid, metallic, non-metallic, liquid). A special method for handling liquid radioactive waste is described, which includes the collection and temporary storage system. To assess the radiation situation at workplaces during the dismantling of the reactor structures, calculations of radiation transfer were carried out on the running and shutdown reactor, during which it was established that the expected dose to the personnel when performing activities on decommissioning of TBR is much lower than the limit values, established by regulatory documents. In accordance with the estimated radiation doses, rules and instructions for personnel were determined, including the procedure for using personal protective equipment, the necessary measures for surface decontamination, etc. Information is given on the procedure for radiation monitoring at all stages of dismantling and at the final stages of decommissioning including control of premises, personnel, equipment, waste of various types, atmospheric air.

Relevance. Trophic relationships along with competition and mutualism are the most basic and significant interactions in ecosystems. To develop, survive, and multiply, insects need to consume a certain amount of nutrients at a certain ratio. Food products are complex mixes of nutrients and non-nutritive substances (sometimes toxic ones): macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and water. Some nutrients are essential; insects lack the ability to synthesize them in their bodies and must obtain them from their diet or through symbiosis with beneficial organisms. Identification mechanisms being well developed in the system “phytophagous insect – plant” allow insects to successfully spread, multiply, and feed on certain plant species. The complex of hydrolytic enzymes in the insect intestine is one of the main targets for plant defense responses because these enzymes determine the availability of structural compounds for phytophagous insects. For this reason, enzymes in the insect intestine play a key role in the adaptation of insects to the pest resistance of fodder plants. For instance, when proteinase inhibitors are synthesized in a fodder plant as the result of induced insect resistance the complex of enzymes in an insect intestine might change negating the effect of these inhibitors. The development of co-adaptations due to interactions among species in food chains depends on a complicated constellation of conflicting relationships between consumers and food objects. The mechanisms of this influence may be rooted in the allelochemical interactions in the system “phytophagous insect – plant recipient”. Allelopathic interactions are among the most complex interactions because they are constituted by direct and indirect effects. Plants when damaged by phytophagous insects activate defense responses, which incorporate several mechanisms, including an increase in the concentration of secondary metabolites, many of which are phenolic compounds.The aim of the work is to describe the mechanisms of relationships in the system “phytophage-plant”. Conclusion. Management of processes of intra-water divergence of insect-phytophages in agrobiocoenoses in order to prevent the emergence of races and populations of pests adapted to live on initially resistant to them plant forms is possible in compliance with the transition to a targeted selection of agricultural crops for resistance to a complex of pests.

Aim. To determine the effectiveness of infrared thermography to identify tissue debris of parenchymal organs and in the wound edges of hollow organs to be removed as well as for the surgical treatment of gunshot wounds of the anterior abdominal wall. Materials and methods. The results of the infrared thermography use in the provision of surgical care to 67 wounded at the second level of medical care in the conditions of the Forward Surgical Group of the Military Mobile Hospital were analyzed. Results. Clinical examples and results of the infrared thermography use for the diagnosis and treatment of gunshot wounds of the abdominal wall soft tissues, injuries to parenchymal and hollow abdominal organs are presented. Conclusions. Intraoperative infrared thermography allows to quickly assess the viability of the abdominal wall soft tissues, necrotic tissue margins of parenchymal organs, the state of blood supply to the walls of damaged hollow organs and their viability, thereby optimizing surgical tactics for abdominal gunshot wounds.

Вступ. Актуальним є узагальнення досвіду застосування передових військово-медичних формувань під час здійснення заходів медичного забезпечення оборонної операції Сил оборони України у період з травня 2022 року по теперiшнiй час. Мета роботи – проаналізувати та узагальнити практичний досвід організації лікувально-евакуаційних заходів та підвищення ефективності застосування медичних сил і засобів під час виконання спеціальних завдань з медичного забезпечення діючих угруповань Сил оборони держави в районi ведення бойових дій. Матеріали та методи. Методами порівняльного аналізу, системного підходу та узагальнення досліджено показники діяльності військово-медичних формувань. Матеріалами дослідження були: керівні документи з організації медичного забезпечення Збройних Сил України, звітні матеріали спеціалістів медичної служби за результатами роботи в зоні бойових дій, медична документація військових мобільних госпіталів. Результати. Проведено аналіз та узагальнення практичного досвіду організації медичних евакуаційних заходів, оцінка ефективності зведених медичних формувань, варіанти їх формування та застосування в залежності від поставлених завдань. Запропонований варіант організації медичного забезпечення Сил оборони України в оборонній операції в умовах збройного конфлікту високої інтенсивності. Висновки. Узагальнюючи проблемні питання І–ІІ рівнів медичного забезпечення, автори прийшли до висновку, що вони пов’язані з повнотою і якістю надання окремих видів медичної допомоги пораненим і хворим у медичних підрозділах, частинах і закладах, обумовлених невідповідністю сил і засобів медичної служби новим формам побудови бойових підрозділів військ і способів їх застосування, а також величині і структурі санітарних втрат.

Solanum tuberosum L. is susceptible to 40 different virus species and 2 viroids. To prevent plant viruses from spreading in field conditions, it is necessary to have reliable data on the species composition of plant reservoirs of viral infection, the total activity of insect vectors, and possible ways of virus transmission in a particular territory of seed material production. Attention should be paid to the factors that facilitate and hinder the disease development in crops and to disease symptoms in different potato varieties. Manifestations of viral infections were monitored on every plant from the sample at the stages of initial growth, bud formation, and flowering and before the removal of potato haulms. Insects were collected using standard entomological method. The total RNA was isolated employing commercial kits for the extraction of nucleic acids from plant material “PhytoSorb” (Syntol Llc) and the benchtop automated extraction instrument KingFisher Flex (ThermoScientific) with magnetic particles. Plant viral infection was observed to accumulate if potato planting material was not renewed. The tested potato plants contained mixed viral infection, which consisted of viruses from mosaic group: PVY, PVX, PVM, PVS PVA, as well as PSTVd and PLRV. Without the renewal of seed potatoes, the concentration of plant viruses in an agroecosystem rises and causes secondary infections in potato plants. The research identified the main insect-vectors in the agroecosystem of potato fields: insects from genera Cicadella, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata, Dolycoris baccarum, Mythimna separata, Lygus pratensis, and Rhopalosiphum padi. Many wild weeds serve as fodder plants for insect vectors facilitating the accumulation of plant viruses in agroecosystems. It was established that perennial weeds were the main plant reservoirs of dangerous viral infections, e.g. Sonchus arvensis and Taraxacum officinale. We determined that Trifolium pratense typus L., Chenopodium album L., Plantago major L., Barbarea vulgaris W.T. Aiton, and Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. were the reservoirs of PVY. All these factors can lead to an epiphytotic situation.

The Earthrise photograph, taken on the 1968 Apollo 8 mission, became one of the most significant images of the 20th Century. It triggered a profound shift in environmental awareness and the potential for human unity-inspiring the first Earth Day in 1970. Taking inspiration from these events 50 years later, we initiated Project Earthrise at our 2020 annual conference of inVIVO Planetary Health. This builds on the emergent concept of planetary health, which provides a shared narrative to integrate rich and diverse approaches from all aspects of society towards shared solutions to global challenges. The acute catastrophe of the COVID-19 pandemic has drawn greater attention to many other interconnected global health, environmental, social, spiritual, and economic problems that have been underappreciated or neglected for decades. This is accelerating opportunities for greater collaborative action, as many groups now focus on the necessity of a Great Transition. While ambitious integrative efforts have never been more important, it is imperative to apply these with mutualistic value systems as a compass, as we seek to make wiser choices. Project Earthrise is our contribution to this important process. This underscores the imperative for creative ecological solutions to challenges in all systems, on all scales with advancing global urbanization in the digital age-for personal, environmental, economic and societal health alike. At the same time, our agenda seeks to equally consider our social and spiritual ecology as it does natural ecology. Revisiting the inspiration of Earthrise, we welcome diverse perspectives from across all dimensions of the arts and the sciences, to explore novel solutions and new normative values. Building on academic rigor, we seek to place greater value on imagination, kindness and mutualism as we address our greatest challenges, for the health of people, places and planet.

The analysis of existing methods and products for controlling bleeding reveals that medical means exhibit significantly higher efficacy compared to mechanical methods of achieving hemostasis. However, it is important to note that medical means cannot entirely replace surgical hemostasis in cases of severe bleeding from large veins and arteries. In emergency situations, such as during military conflicts or workplace injuries, the use of local contact hemostatic agents is preferred. These agents do not require specialized skills for application, making them accessible to individuals in need of immediate assistance. If included in a first-aid kit, these agents enable victims to address minor injuries promptly and control bleeding. In critical bleeding situations, any nearby individual can use the tool to provide aid. Given the ongoing military activities within our country’s territory, the development of effective domestic hemostatic agents has become an urgent priority. This initiative aims to ensure the availability of such products to our military personnel. Aim. The aim of this work is to justify the optimal composition of a local hemostatic agent based on readily available raw materials and feasible technologies. Materials and methods. After conducting an extensive review of domestic and foreign literature, the basis for the development of the future contact hemostatic agent was chosen to be adsorbing materials derived from biologically active components of mineral, synthetic, phyto-, and organic origins. The focus of this study is on natural polysaccharides with potential hemostatic activity, specifically alginate, kappa carrageenan, guar gum, and xanthan gum. One key property of polysaccharides is their ability to swell, which positively influences hemostasis. The hemostatic effect of model hemostatic compositions was evaluated using a femoral artery bleeding model induced by mechanical damage. Additionally, a model involving capillary-parenchymal bleeding from a laceration wound on the liver in adult rats was employed for further investigation. Results. Experimental studies have provided evidence of the hemostatic effect of natural polysaccharides due to their water absorption and swelling properties. In comparison with well-known medical products Celox and Revul®, substances with hemostatic activity, including alginate, kappa carrageenan GU 805, and the comparative drug Celox, have demonstrated significant reductions in bleeding time. Specifically, alginate, kappa carrageenan GU 805, and Celox have shown reductions of 38 %, 53 %, and 57 % respectively, compared to the positive control (PC) group. To enhance the hemostatic activity, a combination of the leading compounds with the addition of 7 % calcium gluconate was developed. The inclusion of calcium gluconate in the combination is associated with the involvement of calcium ions in all stages of blood coagulation, thereby increasing the overall hemostatic effect of the combination. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that substances with hemostatic activity, such as alginate, kappa carrageenan GU 805 in combination with calcium gluconate, miramistin, and a mixture of phytocomponents, as well as the comparative drugs Celox and Revul®, reliably reduce bleeding time by 46 %, 47 %, 37 %, and 36 %, respectively, in comparison to the PC group. Conclusions. The optimal composition of a contact hemostatic agent, formulated as a multicomponent powder known as Plantor, has been developed. This composition is based on natural saccharides and incorporates a complex of antiseptic and wound-healing substances derived from natural and synthetic sources. The formulation of Plantor demonstrates optimal consistency, biopharmaceutical properties, and pharmacotechnological characteristics. The addition of 7 % calcium gluconate to the composition was found to effectively enhance the level of hemostatic activity. This enhancement is attributed to the involvement of calcium ions in all stages of blood coagulation. Experimental studies conducted using a hemostatic model have confirmed that the proposed composition of the pharmacotherapeutic agent significantly reduces bleeding time by 47 % and accelerates the overall process of hemostasis. The observed efficacy of the Plantor formulation surpasses that of reference local hemostatic agents, indicating its superior effectiveness in promoting hemostasis.

Purpose. To conduct an analysis of the first experience of using abdominal VAC therapy during the implementation of Damage Control Surgery (DCS) tactics in the treatment of combat surgical abdominal trauma during large-scale combat operations. Material and methods. An analysis of the use of abdominal VAC therapy in the conditions of the advanced surgical group of the Military Mobile Hospital at the Role II of medical support in 45 wounded with penetrating gunshot wounds to the abdomen and damage to internal organs was carried out. Results. The paper describes the injuries of the abdominal organs in the case of a combat surgical injury of the abdomen, which underwent abdominal VAC therapy at the Role II of medical care. The technique of using abdominal VAC therapy in the irrigation mode is described in detail, with the specifics of its implementation for various injuries. The features of performing abdominal VAC therapy during the evacuation of the wounded are highlighted. The purpose of abdominal VAC therapy at the Role II of MS in the conditions of large-scale combat operations, indications, contraindications to its use and the peculiarities of its implementation in combat surgical abdominal trauma are summarized. Conclusions. Abdominal VAC therapy for combat surgical injury of the abdomen is the optimal way to temporarily close the abdominal cavity at the end of the I phase of the DCS tactics at the Role II of combat medical support, which allows you to remove pathological exudate effectively from the abdominal cavity and rehabilitate it (including during medical evacuation to the next level of medical care ) and is preparation for performing reconstructive operations and final closure of the abdominal cavity in the III phase DCS tactics.

Purpose: to determine the peculiarities of training female athletes engaged in Pole Sports on the basis of the factor analysis of physical, special physical qualities and functional capabilities. Material and methods: the study involved 15 female athletes (age 12-13 years), who are engaged in the sports club "Atmosphere" in Pole Sport and aerial acrobatics, Kharkov. Athletes are in the group of initial training (amateur level) and have the experience of sports activity 1-1,5 years. The study was conducted in September 2021. All participants and their parents agreed to participate in the experiment. Methods: theoretical analysis of literary sources; methods of testing physical development (height, weight); physical fitness (Push-ups 30 s, jumping rope for 3 min, lifting the trunk in sitting position in 1 minute, dynamometry of right and left arms, tilt of the body forward from the sitting position); special physical condition (chopper, pulling up on the pole, jumping rope for 3 min, jumping " Heels back", jumps with turning 180°, jumps with turning 360°, jumping into grouping); methods of functional capabilities (Genchi and Ruffier tests), mathematical and statistical methods using "EXCEL" and "SPSS" computer programs (factor analysis by principal component method was used). Results. A factor analysis of physical development indicators, physical training, functional athletes specializing in Pole Sport. It was found that in the structure of preparation of the athletes of this group overcomes the first factor "Special endurance" (15,21% of the total total dispersion), then the second "Functional abilities" (14,54% of the total total dispersion), the third factor "Power capabilities" (14,12% of the total cumulative variance) and the fourth factor " Coordination abilities" (14,02% of the total cumulative variance), the fifth factor " Flexibility " (13,52% of the total cumulative variance), the sixth factor "Technical capabilities" (12.37% of the total cumulative variance). The percentage contribution of these factors indicates the equivalent importance of these factors. Conclusions. The training means for the development of special physical qualities and techniques, the dosage of the volume and intensity of loads for athletes 12-13 years old involved in Pole Sports are presented.

Ukraine has a developed agricultural sector of the economy, where agriculture accounts for 10.4% of the gross domestic product. The relevance of the subject is due to the fact that agricultural production, which is of strategic importance for the country, is very sensitive to ongoing climate changes. Therewith, the crop industry is already undergoing a process of adaptation to the consequences of climate change and agrometeorological factors, which is manifested in the expansion of the range of cultivated crops. The purpose of this study was to predict the adaptability of heat-loving agricultural crops by their yield in various natural and climatic zones of Ukraine. In the course of the research, such methods as analysis, synthesis, factor analysis, correlationregression, and mathematical-statistical were used. Based on the results of the conducted studies, the expediency of considering climate change to obtain high yields of both conventional agricultural crops and heat-loving ones, which were not typical for Polissia and Forest-Steppe, is proved. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of crop yields, it is identified that it is advisable to reorient agricultural production to the cultivation of heat-loving crops – corn, sunflower, soy, and rapeseed in the Forest-Steppe, which in recent years give the same or slightly higher yields than in the south of Ukraine. Growing these crops in the Polissia zone is unprofitable – the yield is quite low, so in these regions, it is worth continuing to grow conventional crops (cereals, legumes, vegetables, potatoes). The established dependences of crop yields on climatic and agrometeorological factors allowed identifying a complex of factors that play a major role in the formation of the yield of specific crops. The developed crop yield models based on multiple correlation allow for predicting it. The results of the study can be useful in planning and optimising the activities of agricultural enterprises, and agriculture in general, in various natural and climatic zones of Ukraine, as a strategic branch of the economy

Вступ. Узагальнення досвіду застосування зведених військових медичних підрозділів в ході виконання заходів медичного забезпечення оборонної операції на території Донецької та Луганської області в період з травня 2022 по березень 2023 року є актуальним. Метою роботи є аналіз і узагальнення практичного досвіду організації лікувально-евакуаційних заходів та покращення ефективності застосування медичних сил і засобів під час виконання спеціальних завдань медичного забезпечення діючих угруповань військ Сил оборони держави в районі ведення бойових дій в Донецькому операційному районі. Матеріали та методи. Показники ефективності роботи військових медичних підрозділів досліджувалися шляхом порівняльного аналізу, системного підходу та узагальнення. Матеріалами досліджень були: керівні документи з питань організації медичного забезпечення Збройних Сил України, звітні матеріали фахівців медичної служби за підсумками роботи у зоні бойових дій, медична документація військових мобільних госпіталів. Результати. Проведений аналіз і узагальнення практичного досвіду організації лікувально-евакуаційних заходів, оцінка ефективності роботи зведених медичних загонів, їх варіанти формування і застосування в залежності від поставлених завдань. Запропонований варіант організації медичного забезпечення Сил оборони України в оборонній операції в умовах збройного конфлікту високої інтенсивності. Висновки. Зведені медичні загони є вимушеними і ситуаційно обумовленими етапами медичної евакуації на тактичному рівні, який створюється з метою швидкого реагування на зміни в оперативній обстановці для виконання певних завдань. В умовах некомплекту медичних фахівців військової ланки використання зведених медичних загонів є доцільним, економічно обґрунтованим і дозволяє виконувати складні та різноманітні завдання з максимальним наближенням лікарів-фахівців до лінії зіткнення. Отриманий досвід ефективного застосування різних варіантів зведених медичних загонів, які за своїм складом і функціональними якостями спроможні надавати визначений старшим медичним начальником необхідний вид і обсяг медичної допомоги в залежності від завдань медичного забезпечення. Запропонована функціонально-організаційна модель передової госпітальної бази, що потребує подальшого вивчення, удосконалення та впровадження на державному рівні.

Relevance. Population dynamics (population waves) is an intrinsic quality of population systems. These fluctuations can be induced by various factors, e.g. environmental conditions and resource availability, elements of a food chain from the same or a higher level (competitors, parasites, predators), and diseases. Few researchers have addressed the issue of the population dynamics of Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata in the Russian Far East. This paper investigates the reasons why the potato ladybird beetle became a pest of introduced cultivated plants.Materials and methods. To collect data on imagines, all research sites were examined at intervals of eight days during the entire period of the study. The examination of the research sites was conducted within one day. All the imagines taken from host plants were marked at the first encounter by puncturing their elytra with a sewing needle (0.4 mm in diameter) according to Hirano. The next generation of beetles was marked with nail polish (in two-three days after emergence) to avoid traumatizing the insects. At the second encounter, these beetles were also marked by puncturing their elytra with a needle. The methods implemented did not have an adverse effect on the survivability of the studied imagines. The beetles were released to the same plants where they had been taken from. The research data were analyzed by Jolly’s method.Results. Overwintered imagines appeared in the fields and began ovipositing at the end of May. The first generation of imagines appeared at the end of June – the begging of July. The second generation of imagines could be observed at the end of July – the beginning of August. A part of the imagines migrated to overwintering sites without ovipositing approximately at the end of August. The overwintered beetles were observed to emerge on the Mongolian oak Q uercus mongolica, the greater celandine Chelidonium majus, and the bird cherry Prunus padus. A typical primary biotope of the potato ladybird beetle was a potato field at the stage of vegetative growth (5-7 leaves) surrounded by the couch grass Elymus repens, the common dandelion Taraxacum officinale, and the perennial sow-thistle Sonchus arvensis. Marking the overwintered and new generations of imagines showed that the presence of the potato ladybird beetle in an ecosystem depended on agricultural and agrometeorological conditions.

The medical and social significance of cardiovascular diseases remains high. One of the factors that determine cardiovascular risks is metabolic syndrome. As a result of excessive accumulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism products in metabolic syndrome, oxidative (oxidative) stress develops. The article considers both domestic and foreign scientific studies, which highlight various aspects of the influence of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as other free radicals on the formation of oxidative stress in pathological conditions that are part of the metabolic syndrome complex. This describes the mechanisms of the formation of chronic inflammation through excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, activation of the transcription factor NF-kB, as well as damage to the antioxidant system in obesity. Separately, a number of mechanisms of the stimulating effect of adipokines: leptin, adiponectin, chimerine, omentin 1, resistin, on the formation of oxidative stress have been noted. The ways of activating the polyol pathway, as well as diacyl-glycerol — protein kinase C — the signaling pathway of oxidative stress, the formation of mitochondrial dysfunction is described. As a result of which there is an excessive production of free radicals in insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and macroand microvascular complications of diabetes. In addition, the influence of oxidative stress directly on the formation of cardiovascular diseases of atherosclerotic genesis, as well as arterial hypertension, has been shown.

Early comparative research on the material from the site of Kadakol 1 in the Letti Basin (Sudan), which was surveyed in the late 1960s, suggested an association with the Kerma Culture horizon while not excluding multicultural occupation. Investigations, which were resumed in 2022 within the frame of a new research project exploring the significance of the Middle Nile Valley in prehistoric times, have yielded data confirming the early findingsand contributing information on younger occupational episodes from Napatan and Christian times, in both cases attested by extensive burial grounds.

New research on early Holocene settlement and burial practices in the Southern Dongola Reach focused on the key areas of the Letti region, Argi (adjacent to Affad) and the outlets of Wadi el-Melik and Wadi Howar. The project follows up on ten years of investigations by the PalaeoAffad Project in the Affad region (Northern Province, Sudan). Unique data collected in the course of the first season of fieldwork reopens the debate on cattle domestication and early pottery production in the region (previously classified as the Tergis Group). The new finds, concerning Neolithic and Kerma settlement in the region, enables changes in the currently accepted absolute chronology of prehistoric settlement in the area.

Presentation of the results of the last season of research in the Affad Basin (Northern Province, Sudan). Recent discoveries focused on the most distant archaeological sites known in the microregion, remote some 7 km from the current river. Explored features revealed cultural affinities with pastoralism at the semi-desert environment dated to the period between Meroitic and Makuria kingdoms.

To date, the study of the role of proteases in the pathogenesis of various diseases remains relevant. The variety of cathepsin functions is associated with the peculiarities of their localization, expression, and regulation, due to which cathepsins are involved in development of many pathologies. Dysregulation of proteases, their inhibitors, and substrates can lead to the development of multiple organ dysfunction.The review presents data on the characteristics of the entire family of cathepsins and cathepsin S, in particular. The pathophysiological role of cathepsin S in the formation of bronchopulmonary pathologies, as well as in bronchial asthma is described, and intraand extracellular implementation mechanisms are considered. The authors believe it is this enzyme that could be targeted in targeted asthma therapy to prevent airway wall remodeling at the earliest stages of the disease. The literature search was carried out in the search engines Medline, eLibrary, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and RSCI.

We generalize local operators of the leading twist-2 of N=4 SYM theory to the case of complex Lorentz spin j using principal series representation of sl(2,R). We give the direct computation of correlation function of two such non-local operators in the BFKL regime when j→1. The correlator appears to have the expected conformal coordinate dependence governed by the anomalous dimension of twist-2 operator in NLO BFKL approximation predicted by Kotikov and Lipatov.

The paper examines the technological scheme for granite mining with the use of rock chutes in the conditions of the Rybalsky Quarry. The research purpose is to substantiate effective technological schemes for mining the upper granite quarry horizons to reduce mining costs and improve the final product quality. Research is conducted using: the method of scientific analysis, theoretical research and practice of project and production organizations; mining-geometric calculations; variant method for comparing and selecting technological schemes for mineral mining. As a result, the dependence of the transportation cost of 1 ton of mineral on the transportation distance has been determined, due to which it became possible to assess the effectiveness of using rock chutes in the conditions of the Rybalsky Quarry. The dependence of the rock chute inclination angle on the friction coefficient when rolling down the mined mass has been revealed, which substantiates the rational inclination angle of the rock chute for quarry conditions. Practical value of the research results consists in reducing the cost of transporting minerals from the upper quarry horizons by applying a technological scheme with the mined mass movement using rock chutes.

Salmonellosis ranks first among acute intestinal infections with an established pathogen in Ukraine. Poultry products are the most frequent source of human salmonellosis is the highest in both the world and Ukraine. Therefore, Salmonella-specific prevention measures in most countries are an issue of great importance. The study's goal was to compare the levels of antibodies against Salmonella to the enteritidis, Typhimurium, and infantis monoantigens in the serum of poultry immunized with the experimental bivalent, the trivalent vaccine against salmonellosis using the Agglutination test (AT) and Passive Hemagglutination test (PHA). The research of two Salmonella inactivated emulsified vaccines – bivalent (S. enteritidis) and trivalent (S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium and S. infantis) was conducted on one of the poultry farms of the Lviv region. The birds were vaccinated two times in the 14th day's interval. The sera samples were taken on the 14, 21, and 28th days after the last shot. The antibody (agglutinin) levels were assessed in the AT and PHA. Both vaccines (bivalent and trivalent) inducted an intense immune response in birds' organisms. The average antibody titers were 1 : 512 –1 : 717 using the AT and 1 : 4096 – 1 : 5734 using the PHA. The highest antibody levels were detected for S. Enteritidis: 1 : 5734 for trivalent vaccine and 1 : 5120 for bivalent one using PHA. AT antibody levels were lower: 1 : 717 for the trivalent vaccine and 1 : 640 for the bivalent. The antibody levels to S. typhimurium were: 1 : 4915 for trivalent vaccine and 1 : 4710 for bivalent (PHA) and 1 : 640 for trivalent vaccine 1 : 589 for bivalent on (AT). The lowest antibody levels were detected in S. Infantis in both tests. An interesting fact of S. infantis agglutinins presence in serum samples from poultry vaccinated with the bivalent vaccine in both tests may be explained by cross-immunity formed by S. enteritidis – S. typhimurium vaccine.