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The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) merges the physical, digital, and biological spheres, reshaping societies and individuals worldwide in unprecedented ways. With the fast-moving globalization and rapid rate of technological development of the 4IR, the world is also facing unprecedented social, economic, and environmental challenges. As the 4IR continues to reshape industries across the globe, there is an increasing need for educational systems to adapt and equip students with the necessary skills to thrive in this rapidly evolving landscape. With its diverse socio-economic context and pressing environmental concerns, a specific emphasis on design education is required to develop a skilled workforce capable of driving sustainability in the 4IR. Given the needs of the 4IR, students need to possess a set of skills that are highly sought after. These skills, commonly known as the "4Cs," encompass communication, creativity, critical thinking, and collaboration. Design education plays a substantial role in preparing students for the demands of the 4IR, as it cultivates a holistic and interdisciplinary approach to problem solving, innovation, and sustainable development. This paper explores the place of design education in nurturing the 4Cs skill sets for achieving 4IR sustainability, focusing on how design education can address the unique challenges and opportunities faced in the 4IR era.

The developmental growth of any society depends greatly on the progression and innovations made by students’ in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. The current study determines the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between senior school physics students’ STEM self efficacies and science identity. The study was a co-relational study that employed the use of adopted questionnaires as found in the previous literatures to elicit information on students’ STEM self efficacies like science self-efficacy, engineering/technology self-efficacy, mathematics self-efficacy and students’ science identity. The study adopted the usage of structural equation model and collected data were analyzed by SmartPLS software. The findings of the study revealed that physics students’ science self-efficacy (β=0.174, p

Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3), which aims to ensure healthy lifestyles and promote well-being for all, is a critical focus within the context of construction health and safety, particularly for construction workers. A significant factor influencing the health and safety of construction workers is their consumption of alcohol and tobacco (A&T). This article presents a systematic review of the research on A&T use among construction workers, an analysis of key findings, research methodologies, and recommendations. A knowledge-mapping approach is applied to 108 articles sourced from the Web of Science (WOS), generating clusters of relevant keywords to illustrate the interrelationships between A&T usage and construction workers. The knowledge map reveals 40 distinct keyword distributions, organised into five clusters, highlighting the key connections between alcohol, tobacco, and construction workers. From an initial pool of 336 articles from WOS and Scopus, 26 were selected based on the PRISMA protocol for further analysis. A review of these 26 studies demonstrates a predominant use of mixed-methods and quantitative research approaches. The findings show the heightened vulnerability of construction workers to hazardous A&T consumption, its adverse health effects, and the urgent need for comprehensive interventions aimed at reducing or eliminating this risk.

The research examined the effects of hands-on teaching strategy on senior school learners' performance waves in Ilorin, Nigeria. Senior secondary school (SSS2) science students were sampled at intact classes using a purposive sampling technique. Researcher-designed instructional packages on waves and Physics achievement test on waves (PATW) were the instruments employed. The gathered data were analysed with the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. Percentage, mean and standard deviation were employed in answering the research question. Meanwhile, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was utilised in testing the hypotheses formulated at a 0.05 alpha level. The study showed that students' performance exposed to hands-on instructional strategy was very impressive, while students' performance exposed to traditional strategy was low, there was a significant effect of hands-on instructional technique on the performance of students in waves and no statistically significant collaborative effect of hands-on instructional technique and students' gender on performance in waves. It was suggested that hands-on instructional strategies should be integrated and used to make teaching and learning more concrete and active based for both teachers and students.

Thermal explosions in reactive flows present an important risk to industrial engineering systems, where uncontrolled exothermic reactions can compromise safety and operational integrity. This study investigates the theoretical solutions related to thermal runaway and heat transport in a branch-chain bifurcation scenario influenced by hydromagnetic Powell–Eyring fluid flow. By incorporating factors such as current density and variable properties, we aim to enhance the safety, reliability, and efficiency of industrial operations, thus contributing to the development of more robust and sustainable systems. Notably, the fluid is characterized by active exothermic behavior under bimolecular kinetics, challenging traditional material assumptions. Utilizing a spectral collocation scheme alongside exact solutions, we derive critical parameters, including flow velocity, current density, bifurcation branch-chain criticality, entropy generation rate, and heat propagation. Our findings reveal that increased electric field conductivity significantly enhances the current density along the channel walls, driven by the combined effects of the Frank–Kamenetskii term and electric field loading. Furthermore, understanding thermal explosions and branched-chain reactions is essential for preventing engine failures, underscoring the practical implications of this research in industrial contexts.

The increased level of competition in the current business climate required the implementation of processes and systems to guarantee a sustainable organisational competitive advantage for the benefit of stakeholders. This research evaluates the association between product innovation and manufacturing firms’ sustainable competitive advantage, determine the effect of process innovation on manufacturing firms’ sustainable competitive advantage, examine the influence of administrative innovation on manufacturing firms’ sustainable competitive advantage and ascertain the joint relationship between product, process, and administrative innovation on manufacturing firms’ sustainable competitive advantage. Descriptive research design was adopted and a sample size of 131 manufacturing firms was used for the analysis. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed using regression analysis with the aid of SPSS Version 25. The findings showed that product innovation (β = .524, p < .005) process innovation (β = .417, p < .005) and administrative innovation (β = .488, p < .005) significantly influenced firm sustainable competitive advantage, individually and jointly. The research concludes that manufacturing organisations should prioritise innovation in their strategic plans. This study suggests ongoing product improvement through process and administrative adjustments and a culture of innovation and experimentation to find new sources of competitive advantage and create sustainable value.

Background: Hands are critical vectors for microorganisms that cause healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Hand hygiene, being done the right way, at the right time, and being given the right priority in a healthcare setting is an effective strategy to reduce HAIs and associated costs. Different strategies have been put in place to help improve hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers; amongst them, continuous training is advised at all levels of care. Aim: This study, focusing on nursing students, aimed to describe their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions towards hand hygiene, highlighting their crucial role in maintaining health and preventing infections. Methods: This study was a quantitative cross-sectional study. One hundred and fourteen questionnaires were distributed; 103 were filled out and returned by willing students at Maluti Adventist College, thus a 90% response rate. Results: 62% (64) demonstrated moderate knowledge, all had positive attitudes, and 61% (63) had a positive perception towards hand hygiene. There was a significant (p-value = 0.012) association between knowledge and training. Conclusions and recommendations: These provide valuable input for enhancing the World Health Organization’s (WHO) hand hygiene multimodal strategy, the SAFE LIFE Clean YOUR HAND campaign, and healthcare workers’ teaching curriculum. All stakeholders should implement strategies that prioritize knowledge dissemination to promote effective hand hygiene practices among healthcare workers worldwide.

Purpose – Diabetes is one of the life-threatening chronic diseases, which is already affecting 422m people globally based on (World Health Organization) WHO report as at 2018. This costs individuals, government and groups a whole lot; right from its diagnosis stage to the treatment stage. The reason for this cost, among others, is that it is a long-term treatment disease. This disease is likely to continue to affect more people because of its long asymptotic phase, which makes its early detection not feasible. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the authors have presented machine learning models with feature selection, which can detect diabetes disease at its early stage. Also, the models presented are not costly and available to everyone, including those in the remote areas. Findings – The study result shows that feature selection helps in getting better model, as it prevents overfitting and removes redundant data. Hence, the study result when compared with previous research shows the better result has been achieved, after it was evaluated based on metrics such as F-measure, Precision-Recall curve and Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under Curve. This discovery has the potential to impact on clinical practice, when health workers aim at diagnosing diabetes disease at its early stage. Originality/value – This study has not been published anywhere else.

Background: Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa. Substance use such as alcohol, tobacco and drugs, is one of various factors attributable to elevated blood pressure This study describes the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and associated factors among individuals who self-reported to substance use. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved use of secondary data from the Integrating HIV and Heart Health in South Africa study collected between August 2022 to May 2024. Primary outcome, elevated blood pressure was classified as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Data was analysed using STATA version 17. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with elevated blood pressure. Results: Of the 2148 participants included, 57.3 % (1230/2148) were males. The participants' median age was 41 years, and 35.9 % (772/2148) had elevated blood pressure, however only 16,9 % of the participants were receiving anti-hypertensive treatment. Independent factors associated with elevated blood pressure were increasing age - 30-39 years old (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.78 [95 %CI 1.42–5.41], 40–49 years old (aOR 3.81 [95 %CI 1.95–7.46]), 50+ years (aOR 5.00 [95 %CI 2.45–10.20] and having comorbidities (aOR 2.35 [95 %CI 1.31–4.22]). Conclusions: Prevalence of elevated blood pressure was high and only a few of these were on anti-hypertensive treatment. Most participants reported using alcohol, including both alcohol and tobacco concurrently. Findings highlight the need for substance use interventions as part of cardiovascular disease management strategies.

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a Biosafety level 4 pathogen transmitted by ticks, causes severe haemorrhagic diseases in humans but remains clinically silent in animals. Over the past forty years, Nigeria lacks comprehensive genetic data on CCHFV in livestock and ticks. This study aimed to identify and characterize CCHFV strains in cattle and their Hyalomma ticks, the primary vector, in Kwara State, Nigeria. Blood samples and Hyalomma ticks were collected from cattle, with ticks identified to species, pooled, and homogenized for RNA extraction. The CCHFV S-segment was detected using specific primers via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, followed by sequencing of amplicons. Among 318 cattle, 318 sera samples and 2855 Hyalomma ticks (H. dromedarii (49.0%), H. truncatum (44.5%), and H. rufipes (6.5%)) were obtained. Only two tick pools of H. truncatum tested (2/319 pools) were positive for CCHFV, with no positive cattle sera detected. The sequenced positive pools, denoted as CCHFV/NGR/ILN/2021/F22_S-segment (1228 bp) and CCHFV/NGR/ILN/2021/F101_S-segment (863 bp), showed 98.21% nucleotide identity with 15 variations. These strains shared 98.13% and 98.93% nucleotide identity with CCHFV IbAr10200/UCCR4401 isolated from Nigerian ticks, but only 93.88% and 93.63% similarity with CCHFV isolated in 2016 from humans in Nigeria. Additionally, compared to CCHFV isolate IbAr10200 (KY484036), sequences from this study exhibited 9-23 nucleotide variable positions with 3-4 non-synonymous amino acid replacements. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of these strains around IbAr10200, suggesting ongoing circulation. This study underscores the need for broader surveillance to understand the full spectrum of CCHFV strains and clades circulating in Nigeria.