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1. Galaxy evolution in the post-merger regime I -- Most merger-induced in-situ stellar mass growth happens post-coalescence

Author

Ferreira, Leonardo, Ellison, Sara L., Patton, David R., Byrne-Mamahit, Shoshannah, Wilkinson, Scott, Bickley, Robert, Conselice, Christopher J., and Bottrell, Connor

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Galaxy mergers can enhance star formation rates throughout the merger sequence, with this effect peaking around the time of coalescence. However, owing to a lack of information about their time of coalescence, post-mergers could only previously be studied as a single, time-averaged population. We use timescale predictions of post-coalescence galaxies in the UNIONS survey, based on the Multi-Model Merger Identifier deep learning framework (\textsc{Mummi}) that predicts the time elapsed since the last merging event. For the first time, we capture a complete timeline of star formation enhancements due to galaxy mergers by combining these post-merger predictions with data from pre-coalescence galaxy pairs in SDSS. Using a sample of $564$ galaxies with $M_* \geq 10^{10} M_\odot$ at $0.005 < z < 0.3$ we demonstrate that: 1) galaxy mergers enhance star formation by, on average, up to a factor of two; 2) this enhancement peaks within 500 Myr of coalescence; 3) enhancements continue for up to 1~Gyr after coalescence; and 4) merger-induced star formation significantly contributes to galaxy mass assembly, with galaxies increasing their final stellar masses by, $10\%$ to $20\%$ per merging event, producing on average $\log(M_*/M_\odot) = {9.56_{-0.19}^{+0.13}}$ more mass than non-interacting star-forming galaxies solely due to the excess star formation., Comment: Letter Submitted to MNRAS, 6 pages, 4 figures. For a temporal view of quenching in the post-merger regime see companion paper Ellison et al. 2024

Published
2024

2. The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at 12 GeV

Author

Adderley, P. A., Ahmed, S., Allison, T., Bachimanchi, R., Baggett, K., BastaniNejad, M., Bevins, B., Bevins, M., Bickley, M., Bodenstein, R. M., Bogacz, S. A., Bruker, M., Burrill, A., Cardman, L., Creel, J., Chao, Y. -C., Cheng, G., Ciovati, G., Chattopadhyay, S., Clark, J., Clemens, W. A., Croke, G., Daly, E., Davis, G. K., Delayen, J., De Silva, S. U., Dickson, R., Diaz, M., Drury, M., Doolittle, L., Douglas, D., Feldl, E., Fischer, J., Freyberger, A., Ganni, V., Geng, R. L., Ginsburg, C., Gomez, J., Grames, J., Gubeli, J., Guo, J., Hannon, F., Hansknecht, J., Harwood, L., Henry, J., Hernandez-Garcia, C., Higgins, S., Higinbotham, D., Hofler, A. S., Hiatt, T., Hogan, J., Hovater, C., Hutton, A., Jones, C., Jordan, K., Joyce, M., Kazimi, R., Keesee, M., Kelley, M. J., Keppel, C., Kimber, A., King, L., Kjeldsen, P., Kneisel, P., Koval, J., Krafft, G. A., Lahti, G., Larrieu, T., Lauze, R., Leemann, C., Legg, R., Li, R., Lin, F., Machie, D., Mammosser, J., Macha, K., Mahoney, K., Marhauser, F., Mastracci, B., Matalevich, J., McCarter, J., McCaughan, M., Merminga, L., Michaud, R., Morozov, V., Mounts, C., Musson, J., Nelson, R., Oren, W., Overton, R. B., Palacios-Serrano, G., Park, H. -K., Phillips, L., Philip, S., Pilat, F., Plawski, T., Poelker, M., Powers, P., Powers, T., Preble, J., Reilly, T., Rimmer, R., Reece, C., Robertson, H., Roblin, Y., Rode, C., Satogata, T., Seidman, D. J., Seryi, A., Shabalina, A., Shin, I., Slominski, R., Slominski, C., Spata, M., Spell, D., Spradlin, J., Stirbet, M., Stutzman, M. L., Suhring, S., Surles-Law, K., Suleiman, R., Tennant, C., Tian, H., Turner, D., Tiefenback, M., Trofimova, O., Valente, A. -M., Wang, H., Wang, Y., White, K., Whitlatch, C., Whitlatch, T., Wiseman, M., Wissman, M. J., Wu, G., Yang, S., Yunn, B., Zhang, S., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

This review paper describes the energy-upgraded CEBAF accelerator. This superconducting linac has achieved 12 GeV beam energy by adding 11 new high-performance cryomodules containing eighty-eight superconducting cavities that have operated CW at an average accelerating gradient of 20 MV/m. After reviewing the attributes and performance of the previous 6 GeV CEBAF accelerator, we discuss the upgraded CEBAF accelerator system in detail with particular attention paid to the new beam acceleration systems. In addition to doubling the acceleration in each linac, the upgrade included improving the beam recirculation magnets, adding more helium cooling capacity to allow the newly installed modules to run cold, adding a new experimental hall, and improving numerous other accelerator components. We review several of the techniques deployed to operate and analyze the accelerator performance, and document system operating experience and performance. In the final portion of the document, we present much of the current planning regarding projects to improve accelerator performance and enhance operating margins, and our plans for ensuring CEBAF operates reliably into the future. For the benefit of potential users of CEBAF, the performance and quality measures for beam delivered to each of the experimental halls is summarized in the appendix., Comment: 66 pages, 73 figures, 21 tables

Published
2024
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3. Galaxy Mergers in UNIONS -- I: A Simulation-driven Hybrid Deep Learning Ensemble for Pure Galaxy Merger Classification

Author

Ferreira, Leonardo, Bickley, Robert W., Ellison, Sara L., Patton, David R., Byrne-Mamahit, Shoshannah, Wilkinson, Scott, Bottrell, Connor, Fabbro, Sébastien, Gwyn, Stephen D. J., and McConnachie, Alan

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Merging and interactions can radically transform galaxies. However, identifying these events based solely on structure is challenging as the status of observed mergers is not easily accessible. Fortunately, cosmological simulations are now able to produce more realistic galaxy morphologies, allowing us to directly trace galaxy transformation throughout the merger sequence. To advance the potential of observational analysis closer to what is possible in simulations, we introduce a supervised deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Vision Transformer (ViT) hybrid framework, Mummi (MUlti Model Merger Identifier). Mummi is trained on realism-added synthetic data from IllustrisTNG100-1, and is comprised of a multi-step ensemble of models to identify mergers and non-mergers, and to subsequently classify the mergers as interacting pairs or post-mergers. To train this ensemble of models, we generate a large imaging dataset of 6.4 million images targeting UNIONS with RealSimCFIS. We show that Mummi offers a significant improvement over many previous machine learning classifiers, achieving 95% pure classifications even at Gyr long timescales when using a jury-based decision making process, mitigating class imbalance issues that arise when identifying real galaxy mergers from $z=0$ to $0.3$. Additionally, we can divide the identified mergers into pairs and post-mergers at 96% success rate. We drastically decrease the false positive rate in galaxy merger samples by 75%. By applying Mummi to the UNIONS DR5-SDSS DR7 overlap, we report a catalog of 13,448 high confidence galaxy merger candidates. Finally, we demonstrate that Mummi produces powerful representations solely using supervised learning, which can be used to bridge galaxy morphologies in simulations and observations., Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2024

4. Revisiting AGN Placement on the BPT Diagram: A Spectral Decomposition Approach

Author

Teimoorinia, Hossen, Shishehchi, Sara, Archinuk, Finn, Woo, Joanna, Bickley, Robert, Lin, Ping, Hu, Zhonglin, and Petit, Emile

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Traditional single-fibre spectroscopy provides a single galaxy spectrum, forming the basis for crucial parameter estimation. However, its accuracy can be compromised by various sources of contamination, such as the prominent \Ha~emission line originating from both Star-Forming (SF) regions and non-Star-Forming regions (NonSF), including Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). The potential to dissect a spectrum into its SF and NonSF constituents holds the promise of significantly enhancing precision in parameter estimates. In contrast, Integral Field Unit (IFU) surveys present a solution to minimize contamination. These surveys examine spatially localized regions within galaxies, reducing the impact of mixed sources. Although an IFU survey's resulting spectrum covers a smaller region of a galaxy than single-fibre spectroscopy, it can still encompass a blend of heterogeneous sources. Our study introduces an innovative model informed by insights from the MaNGA IFU survey. This model enables the decomposition of galaxy spectra, including those from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), into SF and NonSF components. Applying our model to these survey datasets produces two distinct spectra, one for SF and another for NonSF components, while conserving flux across wavelength bins. When these decomposed spectra are visualized on a BPT diagram, interesting patterns emerge. There is a significant shift in the placement of the NonSF decomposed spectra, as well as the emergence of two distinct clusters in the LINER and Seyfert regions. This shift highlights the key role of SF `contamination' in influencing the positioning of NonSF spectra within the BPT diagram., Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in APJ

Published
2024

5. Jet modification via $\pi^0$-hadron correlations in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV

Author

PHENIX Collaboration, Abdulameer, N. J., Acharya, U., Adare, A., Afanasiev, S., Aidala, C., Ajitanand, N. N., Akiba, Y., Al-Bataineh, H., Alexander, J., Alfred, M., Aoki, K., Apadula, N., Aphecetche, L., Asai, J., Asano, H., Atomssa, E. T., Averbeck, R., Awes, T. C., Azmoun, B., Babintsev, V., Bai, M., Baksay, G., Baksay, L., Baldisseri, A., Bandara, N. S., Bannier, B., Barish, K. N., Barnes, P. D., Bassalleck, B., Basye, A. T., Bathe, S., Batsouli, S., Baublis, V., Baumann, C., Bazilevsky, A., Beaumier, M., Beckman, S., Belikov, S., Belmont, R., Bennett, R., Berdnikov, A., Berdnikov, Y., Bichon, L., Bickley, A. A., Blankenship, B., Blau, D. S., Boissevain, J. G., Bok, J. S., Borel, H., Borisov, V., Boyle, K., Brooks, M. L., Bryslawskyj, J., Buesching, H., Bumazhnov, V., Bunce, G., Butsyk, S., Camacho, C. M., Campbell, S., Chang, B. S., Chang, W. C., Charvet, J. L., Chen, C. -H., Chen, D., Chernichenko, S., Chiu, M., Chi, C. Y., Choi, I. J., Choi, J. B., Choudhury, R. K., Chujo, T., Chung, P., Churyn, A., Cianciolo, V., Citron, Z., Cole, B. A., Connors, M., Constantin, P., Corliss, R., Csanád, M., Csörgő, T., d'Enterria, D., Dahms, T., Dairaku, S., Danley, T. W., Das, K., Datta, A., Daugherity, M. S., David, G., DeBlasio, K., Dehmelt, K., Denisov, A., Deshpande, A., Desmond, E. J., Dietzsch, O., Dion, A., Diss, P. B., Donadelli, M., Doomra, V., Do, J. H., Drapier, O., Drees, A., Drees, K. A., Dubey, A. K., Durham, J. M., Durum, A., Dutta, D., Dzhordzhadze, V., Efremenko, Y. V., Ellinghaus, F., En'yo, H., Engelmore, T., Enokizono, A., Esha, R., Eyser, K. O., Fadem, B., Feege, N., Fields, D. E., Finger, Jr., M., Finger, M., Firak, D., Fitzgerald, D., Fleuret, F., Fokin, S. L., Fraenkel, Z., Frantz, J. E., Franz, A., Frawley, A. D., Fujiwara, K., Fukao, Y., Fusayasu, T., Gallus, P., Gal, C., Garg, P., Garishvili, I., Ge, H., Giordano, F., Glenn, A., Gong, H., Gonin, M., Gosset, J., Goto, Y., de Cassagnac, R. Granier, Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Perdekamp, M. Grosse, Gunji, T., Guo, T., Gustafsson, H. -Å., Hachiya, T., Henni, A. Hadj, Haggerty, J. S., Hahn, K. I., Hamagaki, H., Hamilton, H. F., Hanks, J., Han, R., Han, S. Y., Hartouni, E. P., Haruna, K., Hasegawa, S., Haseler, T. O. S., Hashimoto, K., Haslum, E., Hayano, R., Heffner, M., Hemmick, T. K., Hester, T., He, X., Hill, J. C., Hodges, A., Hohlmann, M., Hollis, R. S., Holzmann, W., Homma, K., Hong, B., Horaguchi, T., Hornback, D., Hoshino, T., Hotvedt, N., Huang, J., Ichihara, T., Ichimiya, R., Iinuma, H., Ikeda, Y., Imai, K., Imrek, J., Inaba, M., Iordanova, A., Isenhower, D., Ishihara, M., Isobe, T., Issah, M., Isupov, A., Ivanishchev, D., Jacak, B. V., Jezghani, M., Jiang, X., Jin, J., Ji, Z., Johnson, B. M., Joo, K. S., Jouan, D., Jumper, D. S., Kajihara, F., Kametani, S., Kamihara, N., Kamin, J., Kanda, S., Kang, J. H., Kapustinsky, J., Kawall, D., Kazantsev, A. V., Kempel, T., Key, J. A., Khachatryan, V., Khanzadeev, A., Kijima, K. M., Kikuchi, J., Kimelman, B., Kim, B. I., Kim, C., Kim, D. H., Kim, D. J., Kim, E., Kim, E. -J., Kim, G. W., Kim, M., Kim, S. H., Kinney, E., Kiriluk, K., Kiss, Á., Kistenev, E., Kitamura, R., Klatsky, J., Klay, J., Klein-Boesing, C., Kleinjan, D., Kline, P., Koblesky, T., Kochenda, L., Komkov, B., Konno, M., Koster, J., Kotov, D., Kovacs, L., Kozlov, A., Kravitz, A., Král, A., Kunde, G. J., Kurgyis, B., Kurita, K., Kurosawa, M., Kweon, M. J., Kwon, Y., Kyle, G. S., Lai, Y. S., Lajoie, J. G., Layton, D., Lebedev, A., Lee, D. M., Lee, K. B., Lee, S., Lee, S. H., Lee, T., Leitch, M. J., Leite, M. A. L., Lenzi, B., Liebing, P., Lim, S. H., Litvinenko, A., Liu, H., Liu, M. X., Liška, T., Li, X., Lokos, S., Loomis, D. A., Love, B., Lynch, D., Maguire, C. F., Makdisi, Y. I., Makek, M., Malakhov, A., Malik, M. D., Manion, A., Manko, V. I., Mannel, E., Mao, Y., Masui, H., Matathias, F., Mašek, L., McCumber, M., McGaughey, P. L., McGlinchey, D., McKinney, C., Means, N., Meles, A., Mendoza, M., Meredith, B., Miake, Y., Mignerey, A. C., Mikeš, P., Miki, K., Milov, A., Mishra, D. K., Mishra, M., Mitchell, J. T., Mitrankova, M., Mitrankov, Iu., Miyasaka, S., Mizuno, S., Mohanty, A. K., Montuenga, P., Moon, T., Morino, Y., Morreale, A., Morrison, D. P., Moukhanova, T. V., Mukhopadhyay, D., Mulilo, B., Murakami, T., Murata, J., Mwai, A., Nagamiya, S., Nagashima, K., Nagle, J. L., Naglis, M., Nagy, M. I., Nakagawa, I., Nakagomi, H., Nakamiya, Y., Nakamura, T., Nakano, K., Nattrass, C., Netrakanti, P. K., Newby, J., Nguyen, M., Niida, T., Nishimura, S., Nouicer, R., Novitzky, N., Novák, T., Nukazuka, G., Nyanin, A. S., O'Brien, E., Oda, S. X., Ogilvie, C. A., Okada, K., Oka, M., Onuki, Y., Koop, J. D. Orjuela, Orosz, M., Osborn, J. D., Oskarsson, A., Ouchida, M., Ozawa, K., Pak, R., Palounek, A. P. T., Pantuev, V., Papavassiliou, V., Park, J., Park, J. S., Park, S., Park, W. J., Patel, M., Pate, S. F., Pei, H., Peng, J. -C., Pereira, H., Perepelitsa, D. V., Perera, G. D. N., Peresedov, V., Peressounko, D. Yu., Perry, J., Petti, R., Pinkenburg, C., Pinson, R., Pisani, R. P., Potekhin, M., Purschke, M. L., Purwar, A. K., Qu, H., Rakotozafindrabe, A., Rak, J., Ramson, B. J., Ravinovich, I., Read, K. F., Rembeczki, S., Reygers, K., Reynolds, D., Riabov, V., Riabov, Y., Richford, D., Rinn, T., Roach, D., Roche, G., Rolnick, S. D., Rosati, M., Rosendahl, S. S. E., Rosnet, P., Rowan, Z., Rubin, J. G., Rukoyatkin, P., Ružička, P., Rykov, V. L., Sahlmueller, B., Saito, N., Sakaguchi, T., Sakai, S., Sakashita, K., Sako, H., Samsonov, V., Sarsour, M., Sato, S., Sato, T., Sawada, S., Schaefer, B., Schmoll, B. K., Sedgwick, K., Seele, J., Seidl, R., Semenov, A. Yu., Semenov, V., Sen, A., Seto, R., Sett, P., Sexton, A., Sharma, D., Shein, I., Shibata, T. -A., Shigaki, K., Shimomura, M., Shoji, K., Shukla, P., Sickles, A., Silva, C. L., Silvermyr, D., Silvestre, C., Sim, K. S., Singh, B. K., Singh, C. P., Singh, V., Slunečka, M., Smith, K. L., Snowball, M., Soldatov, A., Soltz, R. A., Sondheim, W. E., Sorensen, S. P., Sourikova, I. V., Staley, F., Stankus, P. W., Stenlund, E., Stepanov, M., Ster, A., Stoll, S. P., Sugitate, T., Suire, C., Sukhanov, A., Sumita, T., Sun, J., Sun, Z., Sziklai, J., Takagui, E. M., Taketani, A., Tanabe, R., Tanaka, Y., Tanida, K., Tannenbaum, M. J., Tarafdar, S., Taranenko, A., Tarján, P., Themann, H., Thomas, T. L., Tieulent, R., Timilsina, A., Todoroki, T., Togawa, M., Toia, A., Tomita, Y., Tomášek, L., Tomášek, M., Torii, H., Towell, C. L., Towell, R., Towell, R. S., Tram, V-N., Tserruya, I., Tsuchimoto, Y., Ujvari, B., Vale, C., Valle, H., van Hecke, H. W., Veicht, A., Velkovska, J., Vinogradov, A. A., Virius, M., Vrba, V., Vznuzdaev, E., Vértesi, R., Wang, X. R., Watanabe, Y., Watanabe, Y. S., Wei, F., Wessels, J., White, A. S., White, S. N., Winter, D., Wong, C. P., Woody, C. L., Wysocki, M., Xia, B., Xie, W., Xue, L., Yalcin, S., Yamaguchi, Y. L., Yamaura, K., Yang, R., Yanovich, A., Ying, J., Yokkaichi, S., Yoon, I., Yoo, J. H., Young, G. R., Younus, I., Yushmanov, I. E., Yu, H., Zajc, W. A., Zaudtke, O., Zelenski, A., Zhang, C., Zhou, S., Zolin, L., and Zou, L.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

High-momentum two-particle correlations are a useful tool for studying jet-quenching effects in the quark-gluon plasma. Angular correlations between neutral-pion triggers and charged hadrons with transverse momenta in the range 4--12~GeV/$c$ and 0.5--7~GeV/$c$, respectively, have been measured by the PHENIX experiment in 2014 for Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$~GeV. Suppression is observed in the yield of high-momentum jet fragments opposite the trigger particle, which indicates jet suppression stemming from in-medium partonic energy loss, while enhancement is observed for low-momentum particles. The ratio and differences between the yield in Au$+$Au collisions and $p$$+$$p$ collisions, $I_{AA}$ and $\Delta_{AA}$, as a function of the trigger-hadron azimuthal separation, $\Delta\phi$, are measured for the first time at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These results better quantify how the yield of low-$p_T$ associated hadrons is enhanced at wide angle, which is crucial for studying energy loss as well as medium-response effects., Comment: 535 authors from 84 institutions, 12 pages, 8 figures. v2 is version accepted for publication in Physical Review C. HEPdata tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html

Published
2024
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6. Galaxy merger challenge: A comparison study between machine learning-based detection methods

Author

Margalef-Bentabol, B., Wang, L., La Marca, A., Blanco-Prieto, C., Chudy, D., Domínguez-Sánchez, H., Goulding, A. D., Guzmán-Ortega, A., Huertas-Company, M., Martin, G., Pearson, W. J., Rodriguez-Gomez, V., Walmsley, M., Bickley, R. W., Bottrell, C., Conselice, C., and O'Ryan, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Various galaxy merger detection methods have been applied to diverse datasets. However, it is difficult to understand how they compare. We aim to benchmark the relative performance of machine learning (ML) merger detection methods. We explore six leading ML methods using three main datasets. The first one (the training data) consists of mock observations from the IllustrisTNG simulations and allows us to quantify the performance metrics of the detection methods. The second one consists of mock observations from the Horizon-AGN simulations, introduced to evaluate the performance of classifiers trained on different, but comparable data. The third one consists of real observations from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) survey. For the binary classification task (mergers vs. non-mergers), all methods perform reasonably well in the domain of the training data. At $0.1

Published
2024
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7. Interacting galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulations -- VII: The connection between the most luminous active galactic nuclei and galaxy interactions

Author

Byrne-Mamahit, Shoshannah, Patton, David R., Ellison, Sara L., Bickley, Robert, Ferreira, Leonardo, Hani, Maan, Quai, Salvatore, and Wilkinson, Scott

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We investigate the connection between the most luminous active galactic nuclei (AGN), galaxy pairs, and post-mergers in the IllustrisTNG simulation. We select galaxy pairs and post-mergers with a mass ratio between 1:10 $< \mu <$ 1:1 and a redshift between $010^{44}$ erg/s occur in $\sim $26\% of paired galaxies with a companion within 20 kpc, compared with $\sim $14\% in controls (a fractional excess of $\sim$2). The enhancement of AGN in galaxy pairs is luminosity dependent, with the highest excess (a factor of $\sim6\pm2$ at the closest separations) for AGN with $L_{\mathrm{bol}}>10^{45}$ erg/s. Additionally, pairs exhibit a modest yet statistically significant excess of luminous AGN up to $\sim$150 kpc in separation. For pairs which merge between $010^{45}$ erg/s, $\sim$55\% are interacting, compared with a 30\% interaction fraction in AGN with $10^{44}

Published
2024

8. The limitations (and potential) of non-parametric morphology statistics for post-merger identification

Author

Wilkinson, Scott, Ellison, Sara L., Bottrell, Connor, Bickley, Robert W., Byrne-Mamahit, Shoshannah, Ferreira, Leonardo, and Patton, David R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Non-parametric morphology statistics have been used for decades to classify galaxies into morphological types and identify mergers in an automated way. In this work, we assess how reliably we can identify galaxy post-mergers with non-parametric morphology statistics. Low-redshift (z<0.2), recent (t_post-merger < 200 Myr), and isolated (r > 100 kpc) post-merger galaxies are drawn from the IllustrisTNG100-1 cosmological simulation. Synthetic r-band images of the mergers are generated with SKIRT9 and degraded to various image qualities, adding observational effects such as sky noise and atmospheric blurring. We find that even in perfect quality imaging, the individual non-parametric morphology statistics fail to recover more than 55% of the post-mergers, and that this number decreases precipitously with worsening image qualities. The realistic distributions of galaxy properties in IllustrisTNG allow us to show that merger samples assembled using individual morphology statistics are biased towards low mass, high gas fraction, and high mass ratio. However, combining all of the morphology statistics together using either a linear discriminant analysis or random forest algorithm increases the completeness and purity of the identified merger samples and mitigates bias with various galaxy properties. For example, we show that in imaging similar to that of the 10-year depth of the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), a random forest can identify 89% of mergers with a false positive rate of 17%. Finally, we conduct a detailed study of the effect of viewing angle on merger observability and find that there may be an upper limit to merger recovery due to the orientation of merger features with respect to the observer., Comment: 32 pages, 21 figures Accepted for publication by MNRAS

Published
2024

10. The Significance of Location of Self-Injury

Author

Gardner, Kathryn Jane, Clements, Caroline, Bickley, Harriet, Rayner, Gillian, Taylor, Peter James, Lloyd-Richardson, Elizabeth E., book editor, Baetens, Imke, book editor, and Whitlock, Janis L., book editor

Published
2024
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12. Setting the international research agenda for sarcomas with patients and carers: results of phase II of the Sarcoma Patient Advocacy Global Network (SPAGN) priority setting partnership

Author

E. Roets, K. Schuster, S. Bickley, M. Wartenberg, O. Gonzato, N. Fernandez, B. Kasper, K. Pilgermann, R. Wilson, N. Steeghs, W. T. A. van der Graaf, G. van Oortmerssen, and O. Husson

Subjects
Sarcoma, Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Desmoid fibromatosis, Bone sarcoma, Soft tissue sarcoma, Priority setting partnership, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Typically, researchers and clinicians determine the agenda in sarcoma research. However, patient involvement can have a meaningful impact on research. Therefore, the Patient-Powered Research Network (PPRN) of the Sarcoma Patient Advocacy Global Network (SPAGN) set up a Priority Setting Partnership (PSP). The primary objective of this partnership is to identify priorities for research and patient advocacy topics. Methods In the first phase of this PSP, including 264 sarcoma patients and carers from all over the world, 23 research topics regarding sarcomas and 15 patient advocacy topics were identified using an online survey. In the second phase, participants were asked to fill in a top five and a top three of research and patient advocacy topics, respectively. Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics and sarcoma characteristics were collected. Social media channels, local national patient advocacy groups and the SPAGN website were used to distribute the survey. Results In total, 671 patients (75%) and carers (25%) participated in this survey. The five highest ranked research topics were related to causes of sarcoma (43%), prognosis and risk of recurrence (40%), specific subtypes of sarcoma (33%), the role of immunotherapy, targeted therapy and combined therapy (30%), and hereditary aspects (30%). The three highest ranked patient advocacy topics were improving the diagnostic process of sarcoma (39%), access to tumor DNA analysis (37%) and establishing an international sarcoma registry (37%). Conclusions This sarcoma PSP has identified priorities for research and patient advocacy, offering guidance for researchers, assisting funding agencies with assessing project relevance and empowering patient advocates to represent the needs of patients and carers.

Published
2024
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13. Pathways for Strengthening Lived Experience Leadership for Transformative Systems Change: Reflections on Research and Collective Change Strategies

Author

Mark Loughhead, Ellie Hodges, Heather McIntyre, Nicholas Procter, Anne Barbara, Brooke Bickley, Lee Martinez, Leticia Albrecht, and Lisa Huber

Subjects
collective impact, consumer leadership, health service, lived experience leadership, participatory action research, systems change, Medicine (General), R5-920, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction The Activating Lived Experience Leadership (ALEL) project was a South Australian participatory action research project that aimed to improve the ways lived experience is recognised, valued and integrated across mental health and social sector systems. ALEL was completed during 2019–2021, where it engaged 182 participants in generating community action and research knowledge. Objective Our paper discusses the project's processes of building a collective partnership among lived experience leaders and other leaders from within the sector, so that the actions and strategies identified through research could be implemented by systems‐level impact. We describe the collaborative process and key learnings that resulted in eight key action areas for transformative systems change in South Australia. Methods The project invited a diverse range of self‐identified lived experience and other leaders to be involved in a PAR process featuring formal qualitative research (focus groups, surveys and interviews) as well as community development activities (leaders' summit meetings, consultations, training and community of practice meetings). These processes were used to help us describe the purpose, achievements and potential of lived experience leadership. Project priorities and systems‐level analysis was also undertaken with lived experience sector leaders and project advisors across two leaders' summit meetings, integrating research outcomes with sector planning to define high‐level actions and a vision for transformational change. Results Participatory action research as informed by systems change and collective impact strategies assisted the project to generate detailed findings about the experiences and complexities of lived experience leadership, and collective responses of how systems could better support, be accountable to and leverage lived experience perspectives, experience and peer‐work approaches. Conclusion Systems change to define, value and embed lived experience leadership benefits from collective efforts in both formal research and sector development activities. These can be used to generate foundational understandings and guidance for working together in genuine ways for transforming mental health and social sector systems, experience and outcomes. Public Contribution Members of lived experience communities codesigned the project, and contributed to project governance and the development of all findings and project reports.

Published
2024
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14. Care gaps among people presenting to the hospital following self-harm: observational study of three emergency departments in England

Author

Sarah Steeg, Leah M Quinlivan, Navneet Kapur, Caroline Clements, Jonathan Smith, Faraz Mughal, Shamini Gnani, Elizabeth Monaghan, Catherine Robinson, Harriet Bickley, Steven Barlow, and Fiona Naylor

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objectives This study aims to examine the proportions of patients referred to mental health, social and voluntary, community and social enterprise (VCSE) services and general practice and to assess care gaps among people presenting to the hospital following self-harm.Design Population-based observational study. Data were extracted from hospital records.Setting Three emergency departments (EDs) in Manchester, UK.Participants 26 090 patients aged 15+ years who presented to participating EDs following self-harm and who received a psychosocial assessment by a mental health specialist.Primary and secondary outcome measures Primary outcome measures are as follows: care gaps, estimated from the proportion of patients with evidence of social and mental health needs with no new or active referral to mental health, social and VCSE services. Secondary outcome measures are as follows: proportions of referrals by groups of patients, estimated mental health and social needs of patients. Indicators of mental health and social need were developed with academic clinicians (psychiatrist, general practitioner and social worker) and expert lived experience contributors.Results 96.2% (25 893/26 909) of individuals were estimated as having mental health needs. Among this group, 29.9% (6503/21 719) had no new or active referral to mental health services (indicating a care gap). Mental healthcare gaps were greater in men and those who were aged under 35 years, from a black, South Asian or Chinese ethnic group, living in the most deprived areas and had no mental health diagnosis, or alcohol, substance misuse, anxiety or trauma-related disorder. 52.8% (14 219/26 909) had social needs, with care gaps greater for men, individuals aged 45–64 and those who were unemployed or had a diagnosed mental disorder.Conclusions Care gaps were higher among hospital-presenting groups known to have increased risks of suicide: men, those in middle age, unemployed individuals and those misusing substances. Improved access to mental health, social and VCSE services and general practice care is vital to reduce inequities in access to self-harm aftercare.

Published
2024
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15. A New Physical Picture for AGNs Lacking Optical Emission Lines

Author

Agostino, Christopher J., Salim, Samir, Ellison, Sara L., Bickley, Robert W., and Faber, S. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

In this work, we use ~500 low-redshift (z ~ 0.1) X-ray AGNs observed by XMM-Newton and SDSS to investigate the prevalence and nature of AGNs that apparently lack optical emission lines (``optically dull AGNs''). Although 1/4 of spectra appear absorption-line dominated in visual assessment, line extraction with robust continuum subtraction from the MPA/JHU catalog reveals usable [OIII] measurements in 98% of the sample, allowing us to study [OIII]-underluminous AGNs together with more typical AGNs in the context of the L$_{\mathrm{[OIII]}}$--L$_{X}$ relation. We find that ``optically dull AGNs'' do not constitute a distinct population of AGNs. Instead, they are the [OIII]-underluminous tail of a single, unimodal L$_{\mathrm{[OIII]}}$--L$_{X}$ relation that has substantial scatter (0.6 dex). We find the degree to which an AGN is underluminous in [OIII] correlates with the specific SFR or D$_{4000}$ index of the host, which are both linked to the molecular gas fraction. Thus the emerging physical picture for the large scatter seems to involve the gas content of the narrow-line region. We find no significant role for previously proposed scenarios for the presence of optically dull AGNs, such as host dilution or dust obscuration. Despite occasionally weak lines in SDSS spectra, >80% of X-ray AGNs are identified as such with the BPT diagram. >90% are classified as AGNs based only on [NII]/H$\alpha$, providing more complete AGN samples when [OIII] or H$\beta$ are weak. X-ray AGNs with LINER spectra obey essentially the same \lxo\ relation as Seyfert 2s, suggesting their line emission is produced by AGN activity., Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures, submitted to ApJ. Comments welcome

Published
2022
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16. Galaxy mergers can rapidly shut down star formation

Author

Ellison, Sara L., Wilkinson, Scott, Woo, Joanna, Leung, Ho-Hin, Wild, Vivienne, Bickley, Robert W., Patton, David R., Quai, Salvatore, and Gwyn, Stephen

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Galaxy mergers trigger both star formation and accretion onto the central supermassive black hole. As a result of subsequent energetic feedback processes, it has long been proposed that star formation may be promptly extinguished in galaxy merger remnants. However, this prediction of widespread, rapid quenching in late stage mergers has been recently called into question with modern simulations and has never been tested observationally. Here we perform the first empirical assessment of the long-predicted end phase in the merger sequence. Based on a sample of ~500 post-mergers identified from the Ultraviolet Near Infrared Optical Northern Survey (UNIONS), we show that the frequency of post-merger galaxies that have rapidly shutdown their star formation following a previous starburst is 30-60 times higher than expected from a control sample of non-merging galaxies. No such excess is found in a sample of close galaxy pairs, demonstrating that mergers can indeed lead to a rapid halt to star formation, but that this process only manifests after coalescence., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters

Published
2022
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17. The merger fraction of post-starburst galaxies in UNIONS

Author

Wilkinson, Scott, Ellison, Sara L., Bottrell, Connor, Bickley, Robert W., Gwyn, Stephen, Cuillandre, Jean-Charles, and Wild, Vivienne

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Post-starburst (PSB) galaxies are defined as having experienced a recent burst of star formation, followed by a prompt truncation in further activity. Identifying the mechanism(s) causing a galaxy to experience a post-starburst phase therefore provides integral insight into the causes of rapid quenching. Galaxy mergers have long been proposed as a possible post-starburst trigger. Effectively testing this hypothesis requires a large spectroscopic galaxy survey to identify the rare PSBs as well as high quality imaging and robust morphology metrics to identify mergers. We bring together these critical elements by selecting PSBs from the overlap of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Canada-France Imaging Survey and applying a suite of classification methods: non-parametric morphology metrics such as asymmetry and Gini-M20, a convolutional neural network trained to identify post-merger galaxies, and visual classification. This work is therefore the largest and most comprehensive assessment of the merger fraction of PSBs to date. We find that the merger fraction of PSBs ranges from 19% to 42% depending on the merger identification method and details of the PSB sample selection. These merger fractions represent an excess of 3-46x relative to non-PSB control samples. Our results demonstrate that mergers play a significant role in generating PSBs, but that other mechanisms are also required. However, applying our merger identification metrics to known post-mergers in the IllustrisTNG simulation shows that ~70% of recent post-mergers (<200 Myr) would not be detected. Thus, we cannot exclude the possibility that nearly all post-starburst galaxies have undergone a merger in their recent past., Comment: 21 pages, 16 figures

Published
2022
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18. Space upgrade

Author

Gross, Rebecca and Bickley, Christine

Published
2021

21. Application of Machine Learning for Classification of Nuclear Reactor Operational Status Using Magnetic Field Sensors

Author

Braden Burt, Brett J. Borghetti, Anthony Franz, Darren Holland, and Abigail Bickley

Subjects
machine learning, deep learning, random forests, nuclear reactors, frequency domain, classification, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract

The nuclear fuel cycle forms the basis for producing special nuclear materials used in nuclear weapons via a series of interdependent industrial operations. These industrial operations each produce characteristic emanations that can be gathered to ascertain signatures of facility operations. Machine learning and deep learning techniques were applied to time series magnetic field sensor data collected at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) to assess the feasibility of determining the ON/OFF operational state of the reactor. When data collected by the sensor near the cooling fans, position 9, are transformed to the frequency domain, it was found that both machine and deep learning methods were able to classify the operational state of the reactor with a balanced accuracy of over 90%. This result suggests that the utilized methods show promise for application as techniques to verify declared activities involving nuclear reactors. Additional effort is recommended to develop models and architectures that will more fully capitalize on the data’s temporal nature by incorporating the magnetic field’s time dependence to improve the model’s robustness and classification performance.

Published
2023
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23. Diagnosis and Management Controversies Illustrated by an Uncommon Case of Postpartum Pubic Symphysis Diastasis

Author

Ryan J. Bickley, Ronald G. Blasini, John D. Johnson, and Paul M. Ryan

Subjects
diastasis pubis, pelvic binder, postpartum pubic diastasis, Osteopathy, RZ301-397.5
Abstract

Pubic symphysis diastasis is a complication of pregnancy that can lead to prolonged recovery, persistent pain, and functional disability if managed inappropriately. There is a lack of universally accepted clinical guidelines with regards to the timeframe and defect criteria for surgical management, which contributes to delayed care resulting in increased surgical complexity and subsequent impairments in functionality and quality of life. The current standard of care utilizes non-operative measures exclusively for separations measuring less than 2.5 cm correlating to symphyseal ligament sparing. Surgical interventions are typically reserved for severe cases or those resistant to initial non-operative treatment. Non-surgical methods have been attempted for 4–6 weeks, even in severe cases, with patients still requiring eventual surgery. We herein report an uncommon case of pubic symphysis diastasis measuring 5.5 cm and the successful implementation of non-surgical management to demonstrate the need for updated standardized treatment guidelines. The defect in this case was treated with early application of a pelvic binder resulting in anatomic alignment and full resolution of pain within 3 months, and full return to activity within 6 months. In conclusion, the establishment of management guidelines for pubic symphysis is recommended, including the use of non-surgical management early in the patient recovery process and in cases with diastasis greater than 2.5 cm. This treatment strategy may decrease morbidity, recovery time, and complications in affected patients.

Published
2023
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28. Super sharehouse

Author

Scragg, Emma and Bickley, Christine

Published
2022

29. The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at 12 GeV

Author

P. A. Adderley, S. Ahmed, T. Allison, R. Bachimanchi, K. Baggett, M. BastaniNejad, B. Bevins, M. Bevins, M. Bickley, R. M. Bodenstein, S. A. Bogacz, M. Bruker, A. Burrill, L. Cardman, J. Creel, Y.-C. Chao, G. Cheng, G. Ciovati, S. Chattopadhyay, J. Clark, W. A. Clemens, G. Croke, E. Daly, G. K. Davis, J. Delayen, S. U. De Silva, M. Diaz, R. Dickson, L. Doolittle, D. Douglas, M. Drury, E. Feldl, J. Fischer, A. Freyberger, V. Ganni, R. L. Geng, C. Ginsburg, J. Gomez, J. Grames, J. Gubeli, J. Guo, F. Hannon, J. Hansknecht, L. Harwood, J. Henry, C. Hernandez-Garcia, T. Hiatt, D. Higinbotham, S. Higgins, A. S. Hofler, J. Hogan, C. Hovater, A. Hutton, C. Jones, K. Jordan, M. Joyce, R. Kazimi, M. Keesee, M. J. Kelley, C. Keppel, A. Kimber, L. King, P. Kjeldsen, P. Kneisel, J. Kowal, G. A. Krafft, G. Lahti, T. Larrieu, R. Lauze, C. Leemann, R. Legg, R. Li, F. Lin, D. Machie, J. Mammosser, K. Macha, K. Mahoney, F. Marhauser, B. Mastracci, J. Matalevich, J. McCarter, M. McCaughan, L. Merminga, R. Michaud, V. Morozov, C. Mounts, J. Musson, R. Nelson, W. Oren, R. B. Overton, G. Palacios-Serrano, H.-K. Park, L. Phillips, S. Philip, F. Pilat, T. Plawski, M. Poelker, P. Powers, T. Powers, J. Preble, T. Reilly, R. Rimmer, C. Reece, H. Robertson, Y. Roblin, C. Rode, T. Satogata, D. J. Seidman, A. Seryi, A. Shabalina, I. Shin, C. Slominski, R. Slominski, M. Spata, D. Spell, J. Spradlin, M. Stirbet, M. L. Stutzman, S. Suhring, K. Surles-Law, R. Suleiman, C. Tennant, H. Tian, D. Turner, M. Tiefenback, O. Trofimova, A.-M. Valente, H. Wang, Y. Wang, K. White, C. Whitlatch, T. Whitlatch, M. Wiseman, M. J. Wissman, G. Wu, S. Yang, B. Yunn, S. Zhang, and Y. Zhang

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

This review paper describes the energy-upgraded Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) accelerator. This superconducting linac has achieved 12 GeV beam energy by adding 11 new high-performance cryomodules containing 88 superconducting cavities that have operated cw at an average accelerating gradient of 20 MV/m. After reviewing the attributes and performance of the previous 6 GeV CEBAF accelerator, we discuss the upgraded CEBAF accelerator system in detail with particular attention paid to the new beam acceleration systems. In addition to doubling the acceleration in each linac, the upgrade included improving the beam recirculation magnets, adding more helium cooling capacity to allow the newly installed modules to run cold, adding a new experimental hall, and improving numerous other accelerator components. We review several of the techniques deployed to operate and analyze the accelerator performance and document system operating experience and performance. In the final portion of the document, we present much of the current planning regarding projects to improve accelerator performance and enhance operating margins, and our plans for ensuring CEBAF operates reliably into the future. For the benefit of potential users of CEBAF, the performance and quality measures for the beam delivered to each of the experimental halls are summarized in the Appendix.

Published
2024
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31. Measurement of jet-medium interactions via direct photon-hadron correlations in Au$+$Au and $d$$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV

Author

Acharya, U., Adare, A., Afanasiev, S., Aidala, C., Ajitanand, N. N., Akiba, Y., Akimoto, R., Al-Bataineh, H., Alexander, J., Al-Ta'ani, H., Angerami, A., Aoki, K., Apadula, N., Aramaki, Y., Asano, H., Aschenauer, E. C., Atomssa, E. T., Averbeck, R., Awes, T. C., Azmoun, B., Babintsev, V., Bai, M., Baksay, G., Baksay, L., Bannier, B., Barish, K. N., Bassalleck, B., Basye, A. T., Bathe, S., Baublis, V., Baumann, C., Baumgart, S., Bazilevsky, A., Belikov, S., Belmont, R., Bennett, R., Berdnikov, A., Berdnikov, Y., Bhom, J. H., Bichon, L., Bickley, A. A., Black, D., Blankenship, B., Blau, D. S., Bok, J. S., Borisov, V., Boyle, K., Brooks, M. L., Bryslawskyj, J., Buesching, H., Bumazhnov, V., Bunce, G., Butsyk, S., Camacho, C. M., Campbell, S., Roman, V. Canoa, Caringi, A., Castera, P., Chen, C. -H., Chi, C. Y., Chiu, M., Choi, I. J., Choi, J. B., Choi, S., Choudhury, R. K., Christiansen, P., Chujo, T., Chung, P., Chvala, O., Cianciolo, V., Citron, Z., Cole, B. A., del Valle, Z. Conesa, Connors, M., Constantin, P., Cronin, N., Crossette, N., Csanád, M., Csörgő, T., Dahms, T., Dairaku, S., Danchev, I., Das, K., Datta, A., Daugherity, M. S., David, G., Dayananda, M. K., DeBlasio, K., Dehmelt, K., Denisov, A., Deshpande, A., Desmond, E. J., Dharmawardane, K. V., Dietzsch, O., Ding, L., Dion, A., Do, J. H., Donadelli, M., D'Orazio, L., Drapier, O., Drees, A., Drees, K. A., Durham, J. M., Durum, A., Dutta, D., Edwards, S., Efremenko, Y. V., Ellinghaus, F., Engelmore, T., Enokizono, A., En'yo, H., Esha, R., Esumi, S., Eyser, K. O., Fadem, B., Fan, W., Fields, D. E., Finger, M., Finger, Jr., M., Firak, D., Fitzgerald, D., Fleuret, F., Fokin, S. L., Fraenkel, Z., Frantz, J. E., Franz, A., Frawley, A. D., Fujiwara, K., Fukao, Y., Fusayasu, T., Gainey, K., Gal, C., Garg, P., Garishvili, A., Garishvili, I., Giordano, F., Glenn, A., Gong, H., Gong, X., Gonin, M., Goto, Y., de Cassagnac, R. Granier, Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Grim, G., Perdekamp, M. Grosse, Gu, Y., Gunji, T., Guo, L., Gustafsson, H. -Å., Hachiya, T., Haggerty, J. S., Hahn, K. I., Hamagaki, H., Hamblen, J., Han, R., Han, S. Y., Hanks, J., Hartouni, E. P., Hasegawa, S., Hashimoto, K., Haslum, E., Hayano, R., Hayashi, S., He, X., Heffner, M., Hemmick, T. K., Hester, T., Hill, J. C., Hodges, A., Hohlmann, M., Hollis, R. S., Holzmann, W., Homma, K., Hong, B., Horaguchi, T., Hori, Y., Hornback, D., Huang, J., Huang, S., Ichihara, T., Ichimiya, R., Ide, J., Iinuma, H., Ikeda, Y., Imai, K., Imazu, Y., Imrek, J., Inaba, M., Iordanova, A., Isenhower, D., Ishihara, M., Isinhue, A., Isobe, T., Issah, M., Isupov, A., Ivanishchev, D., Iwanaga, Y., Jacak, B. V., Javani, M., Ji, Z., Jia, J., Jiang, X., Jin, J., Johnson, B. M., Jones, T., Joo, K. S., Jouan, D., Jumper, D. S., Kajihara, F., Kametani, S., Kamihara, N., Kamin, J., Kaneti, S., Kang, B. H., Kang, J. H., Kang, J. S., Kapustinsky, J., Karatsu, K., Kasai, M., Kawall, D., Kawashima, M., Kazantsev, A. V., Kempel, T., Key, J. A., Khachatryan, V., Khandai, P. K., Khanzadeev, A., Khatiwada, A., Kijima, K. M., Kikuchi, J., Kim, A., Kim, B. I., Kim, C., Kim, D. H., Kim, D. J., Kim, E., Kim, E. -J., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -B., Kim, S. H., Kim, Y. -J., Kim, Y. K., Kincses, D., Kinney, E., Kiriluk, K., Kiss, Á., Kistenev, E., Klatsky, J., Kleinjan, D., Kline, P., Kochenda, L., Komatsu, Y., Komkov, B., Konno, M., Koster, J., Kotchetkov, D., Kotov, D., Kozlov, A., Král, A., Kravitz, A., Krizek, F., Kunde, G. J., Kurgyis, B., Kurita, K., Kurosawa, M., Kwon, Y., Kyle, G. S., Lacey, R., Lai, Y. S., Lajoie, J. G., Larionova, D., Larionova, M., Lebedev, A., Lee, B., Lee, D. M., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lee, K. B., Lee, K. S., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. R., Leitch, M. J., Leite, M. A. L., Leitgab, M., Leitner, E., Lenzi, B., Lewis, B., Lewis, N. A., Li, X., Lichtenwalner, P., Liebing, P., Lim, S. H., Levy, L. A. Linden, Liška, T., Litvinenko, A., Liu, H., Liu, M. X., Lökös, S., Love, B., Luechtenborg, R., Lynch, D., Maguire, C. F., Majoros, T., Makdisi, Y. I., Makek, M., Malakhov, A., Malik, M. D., Manion, A., Manko, V. I., Mannel, E., Mao, Y., Masui, H., Masumoto, S., Matathias, F., McCumber, M., McGaughey, P. L., McGlinchey, D., McKinney, C., Means, N., Meles, A., Mendoza, M., Meredith, B., Metzger, W. J., Miake, Y., Mibe, T., Midori, J., Mignerey, A. C., Mikeš, P., Miki, K., Milov, A., Mishra, D. K., Mishra, M., Mitchell, J. T., Mitrankov, Iu., Miyachi, Y., Miyasaka, S., Mohanty, A. K., Mohapatra, S., Moon, H. J., Moon, T., Morino, Y., Morreale, A., Morrison, D. P., Morrow, S. I., Moskowitz, M., Motschwiller, S., Moukhanova, T. V., Mulilo, B., Murakami, T., Murata, J., Mwai, A., Nagae, T., Nagamiya, S., Nagle, J. L., Naglis, M., Nagy, M. I., Nakagawa, I., Nakamiya, Y., Nakamura, K. R., Nakamura, T., Nakano, K., Nam, S., Nattrass, C., Nederlof, A., Nelson, S., Netrakanti, P. K., Newby, J., Nguyen, M., Nihashi, M., Niida, T., Nouicer, R., Novitzky, N., Nukariya, A., Nyanin, A. S., Oakley, C., Obayashi, H., O'Brien, E., Oda, S. X., Ogilvie, C. A., Oka, M., Okada, K., Onuki, Y., Osborn, J. D., Oskarsson, A., Ouchida, M., Ozawa, K., Pak, R., Pantuev, V., Papavassiliou, V., Park, B. H., Park, I. H., Park, J., Park, S., Park, S. K., Park, W. J., Pate, S. F., Patel, L., Patel, M., Pei, H., Peng, J. -C., Peng, W., Pereira, H., Perepelitsa, D. V., Peresedov, V., Peressounko, D. Yu., PerezLara, C. E., Petti, R., Pinkenburg, C., Pisani, R. P., Proissl, M., Pun, A., Purschke, M. L., Purwar, A. K., Qu, H., Radzevich, P. V., Rak, J., Rakotozafindrabe, A., Ramasubramanian, N., Ravinovich, I., Read, K. F., Rembeczki, S., Reygers, K., Reynolds, D., Riabov, V., Riabov, Y., Richardson, E., Richford, D., Rinn, T., Riveli, N., Roach, D., Roche, G., Rolnick, S. D., Rosati, M., Rosen, C. A., Rosendahl, S. S. E., Rosnet, P., Rukoyatkin, P., Runchey, J., Ružička, P., Ryu, M. S., Sahlmueller, B., Saito, N., Sakaguchi, T., Sakashita, K., Sako, H., Samsonov, V., Sano, M., Sano, S., Sarsour, M., Sato, S., Sato, T., Sawada, S., Sedgwick, K., Seele, J., Seidl, R., Semenov, A. Yu., Sen, A., Seto, R., Sett, P., Sharma, D., Shein, I., Shibata, T. -A., Shigaki, K., Shimomura, M., Shoji, K., Shukla, P., Sickles, A., Silva, C. L., Silvermyr, D., Silvestre, C., Sim, K. S., Singh, B. K., Singh, C. P., Singh, V., Skolnik, M., Slunečka, M., Smith, K. L., Solano, S., Soltz, R. A., Sondheim, W. E., Sorensen, S. P., Sourikova, I. V., Sparks, N. A., Stankus, P. W., Steinberg, P., Stenlund, E., Stepanov, M., Ster, A., Stoll, S. P., Sugitate, T., Sukhanov, A., Sun, J., Sun, X., Sun, Z., Sziklai, J., Takagui, E. M., Takahara, A., Taketani, A., Tanabe, R., Tanaka, Y., Taneja, S., Tanida, K., Tannenbaum, M. J., Tarafdar, S., Taranenko, A., Tarján, P., Tennant, E., Themann, H., Thomas, D., Thomas, T. L., Todoroki, T., Togawa, M., Toia, A., Tomášek, L., Tomášek, M., Torii, H., Towell, R. S., Tserruya, I., Tsuchimoto, Y., Tsuji, T., Ueda, Y., Ujvari, B., Vale, C., Valle, H., van Hecke, H. W., Vargyas, M., Vazquez-Zambrano, E., Veicht, A., Velkovska, J., Vértesi, R., Vinogradov, A. A., Virius, M., Voas, B., Vossen, A., Vrba, V., Vznuzdaev, E., Wang, X. R., Watanabe, D., Watanabe, K., Watanabe, Y., Watanabe, Y. S., Wei, F., Wei, R., Wessels, J., Whitaker, S., White, S. N., Winter, D., Wolin, S., Wong, C. P., Wood, J. P., Woody, C. L., Wright, R. M., Wu, Y., Wysocki, M., Xia, B., Xie, W., Xu, Q., Yamaguchi, Y. L., Yamaura, K., Yang, R., Yanovich, A., Ying, J., Yokkaichi, S., Yoon, I., You, Z., Young, G. R., Younus, I., Yushmanov, I. E., Zajc, W. A., Zelenski, A., Zhai, Y., Zhang, C., Zharko, S., Zhou, S., Zolin, L., and Zou, L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present direct photon-hadron correlations in 200 GeV/A Au$+$Au, $d$$+$Au and $p$$+$$p$ collisions, for direct photon $p_T$ from 5--12 GeV/$c$, collected by the PHENIX Collaboration in the years from 2006 to 2011. We observe no significant modification of jet fragmentation in $d$$+$Au collisions, indicating that cold nuclear matter effects are small or absent. Hadrons carrying a large fraction of the quark's momentum are suppressed in Au$+$Au compared to $p$$+$$p$ and $d$$+$Au. As the momentum fraction decreases, the yield of hadrons in Au$+$Au increases to an excess over the yield in $p$$+$$p$ collisions. The excess is at large angles and at low hadron $p_T$ and is most pronounced for hadrons associated with lower momentum direct photons. Comparison to theoretical calculations suggests that the hadron excess arises from medium response to energy deposited by jets., Comment: 578 authors from 80 institutions, 11 pages, 7 figures, data from 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011. v2 is version accepted for publication in Physical Review C. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html

Published
2020
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33. Civil Discourse - The Case For and Against Oregon Measure 117

Author

Merchant, Garrett, Steed, Norah, Overvig, Travis, and Bickley, Ryland

Subjects
Primaries, Community colleges, Voting, News, opinion and commentary, Sports and fitness
Abstract

Byline: Garrett Merchant, Norah Steed, Travis Overvig, Ryland Bickley, and the LBCC Civil Discourse Program. This op-ed was written by Linn-Benton Community College's Civil Discourse Program. To learn more about [...]

Published
2024

34. Electroencephalographic Changes in Sleep During Acute and Subacute Phases After Sports-Related Concussion

Author

Stevens DJ, Appleton S, Bickley K, Holtzhausen L, and Adams R

Subjects
mild traumatic brain injury, somnolence, neural trauma, nocturnal activity, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

David J Stevens,1 Sarah Appleton,1 Kelsey Bickley,1 Louis Holtzhausen,2– 4 Robert Adams1,5 1Sleep Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia; 2Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar; 3Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; 4Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; 5Respiratory and Sleep Services, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, South Australia, AustraliaCorrespondence: David J Stevens, Sleep Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Level 2a, 5 Laffer Dve, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5041, Australia, Tel +61 7306 1816, Email david.stevens@flinders.edu.auPurpose: Little is known about sleep after a concussion, a form of mild traumatic brain injury. Given the importance of sleep for both maintaining brain health and recovery from injury, we sought to examine sleep acutely and subacutely after concussion.Methods: Athletes who experienced a sports-related concussion were invited to participate. Participants underwent overnight sleep studies within 7 days of the concussion (acute phase), and again eight-weeks after the concussion (subacute phase). Changes in sleep from both the acute and subacute phases were compared to population normative values. Additionally, changes in sleep from acute to subacute phase were analysed.Results: When compared to normative data, the acute and subacute phases of concussion showed longer total sleep time (p < 0.005) and fewer arousals (p < 0.005). The acute phase showed longer rapid eye movement sleep latency (p = 0.014). The subacute phase showed greater total sleep spent in Stage N3% (p = 0.046), increased sleep efficiency (p < 0.001), shorter sleep onset latency (p = 0.013), and reduced wake after sleep onset (p = 0.013). Compared to the acute phase, the subacute phase experienced improved sleep efficiency (p = 0.003), reduced wake after sleep onset (p = 0.02), and reduced latencies for both stage N3 sleep (p = 0.014) and rapid eye movement sleep (p = 0.006).Conclusion: This study indicated sleep during both the acute and subacute phases of SRC was characterised by longer and less disrupted sleep, along with improvements in sleep from the acute to subacute phases of SRC.Keywords: mild traumatic brain injury, somnolence, neural trauma, nocturnal activity

Published
2023

36. The Importance of Communication for a School's Culture: A Qualitative Case Study

Author

Charles Bickley

Abstract

This doctoral dissertation explored communication between school principals and teachers and how those types of communication impact school culture. The information also investigated how much teachers communicate with each other. Communication breakdown has become one of the issues most affecting organizations, which has caused slow improvement among institutions (Bucata & Rizescu, 2017). This study aimed at gaining an in-depth understanding of how communication is handled in various schools and how school principals achieve schools' objectives through communication with teachers. Furthermore, in-depth interviews as opposed to short-answer quantitative questions were used in this qualitative study. The adopted study design, a qualitative approach, guaranteed efficiency in data collection and analysis. For this reason, the design enhanced the research validity and reliability, prompting primary stakeholders in the educational setting to adopt and implement suggested recommendations. A qualitative case study was used to provide clear answers to the study as well as a better understanding of the participants' perceptions, feelings, experiences, recommendations, and thoughts. A case study suited this research because of the need to explore the similarities and differences in the educational environment. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2022

39. What Remains Has Just Begun

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

40. Till Illness Do Us Part?

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

41. At Once

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

42. Acknowledgments

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

43. Love after Seventy and Eighty

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

44. Notes on Contributors

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

45. Gray Love en Noir: African American Women Flying Solo by Choice and by Chance

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

46. A Vine of Roses

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

47. Pleasures and Complications: Living Apart Together

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

48. Parallel Matches

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

49. From Texas to Ohio

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

50. Coping with COVID-19

Author

Smith, Dustin Beall, Walters, Idris, Thompson, Tierl, Page, Angela, Fails, Bonnie, Schwartz, Mimi, Dunn, Sarah, Bickley, Susan, Abercrombie, Barbara, O’Malley, Susan, Lauter, Paul, Friedensohn, Doris, Hill, Isabel, Roth, Eugene, Millett, Stacey Parkins, Valenti, Vincent, Bronson, Jim, Goldie, Sandi, Levy, David, Speer, Stephanie, Jacobson, Jan, Leung, Jean Y., Moore, Linda Wright, Blak, Judith Ugelow, Manfred, Erica, Bogen, Phyllis, Josefowitz, Natasha, Wiesner, William, Peckham, Irvin, Zabriskie, Rett, Lewittes, Hedva, Freed, Alice F., Kaplan, Margie, Rogers, Amy, Korman, Candida B., Locke, Elizabeth, Brown, Stephanie M., Broadwell, Laura, Katz, Jonathan Ned, Stein, Neil, Carito, Phyllis, Weisser, Susan Ostrov, McVay, Cynthia, Hood, Daniel E., and Bauer-Maglin, Nan

Published
2023

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