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Abstract In this study, we characterize the changes in nucleolar morphology and its dynamics induced by the recently introduced compound CX-5461, an inhibitor of ribosome synthesis. Time-lapse imaging, immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis revealed that exposure of cells to CX-5461 has a profound impact on their nucleolar morphology and function: nucleoli acquired a compact, spherical shape and display enlarged, ring-like masses of perinucleolar condensed chromatin. Tunnels consisting of chromatin developed as transient structures running through nucleoli. Nucleolar components involved in rRNA transcription, fibrillar centres and dense fibrillar component with their major constituents ribosomal DNA, RNA polymerase I and fibrillarin maintain their topological arrangement but become reduced in number and move towards the nucleolar periphery. Nucleolar changes are paralleled by an increased amount of the DNA damage response indicator γH2AX and DNA unwinding enzyme topoisomerase I in nucleoli and the perinucleolar area suggesting that CX-5461 induces torsional stress and DNA damage in rDNA. This is corroborated by the irreversibility of the observed altered nucleolar phenotypes. We demonstrate that incubation with CX-5461, apart from leading to specific morphological alterations, increases senescence and decreases cell replication. We discuss that these alterations differ from those observed with other drugs interfering with nucleolar functions.

Abstract Background Large scale observational studies are crucial to study thyroid cancer incidence and management, known to vary in time and place. Combining cancer registry data with other data sources enables execution of population-based studies, provided data sources are accurate. The objective was to compare thyroid tumour and treatment information between the available data sources in Belgium. Methods We performed a retrospective national population-based cohort study. All patients with thyroid cancer diagnosis in Belgium between 2009 and 2011 (N = 2659 patients) were retrieved from the Belgian Cancer Registry database, containing standard patient and tumour characteristics. Additionally, information was obtained from the following sources: a) detailed pathology reports b) the health insurance company database for reimbursed performed therapeutic acts (both available for N = 2400 patients) c) registration forms for performed and/or planned treatments at the time of the multidisciplinary team meeting (available for N = 1819 patients). More precisely, information was retrieved regarding characteristics of the tumour (histologic subtype, tumour size, lymph node status (source a)) and the treatment (thyroid surgery (a,b,c), lymph node dissection (a,b), postoperative administration of radioactive iodine (b,c)). Results High concordance in histological cancer subtype (> 90%), tumour size (96.2%) and lymph node involvement (89.2%) categories was found between the cancer registry database and the pathology reports. Tumour subcategories (such as microcarcinoma, tumor ≤1 cm diameter) were more specified in the pathology reports. The therapeutic act of thyroid surgery as mentioned in the pathology reports and health insurance company database was concordant in 92.7%, while reports from multidisciplinary team meetings showed 88.5% of concordance with pathology reports and 86.1% with health insurance data. With regard to postoperative radioiodine administration, reports from multidisciplinary teams and health insurance data were concordant in 76.8%. Conclusion Combining registered and/or administrative data results in sufficiently accurate information to perform large scale observational studies on thyroid cancer in Belgium. However, thorough and continuous quality control and insight in strengths and limitations of each cancer data source is crucial.

In-process monitoring and control are essential for quality assurance and consistency of laser-based directed energy deposition processes. Detection of irregularities during deposition in terms of defects or flaws is based on in situ monitoring of output process parameters such as temperature, melt-pool geometry, or deposition height. The real-time feedback of these output parameters allows the development of control strategies for real-time adjustment of input process parameters, such as laser power or scanning speed, to correct detected deviations from the desired output process parameters. Therefore, criteria such as sensitivity, stability, correlation, trends, and interactions of the input-output process parameters have a direct impact on controller design, establishing, for example, control limits or tolerance ranges of the output parameters. This paper focuses on the study of the characteristics of output process parameters to input process parameters. This research involves analyzing and comparing the deposition of single tracks under various input process parameters, including laser power and scanning speed. Melt-pool geometry and temperature are estimated from a visual camera and a hyperspectral line camera, whereas the final deposition geometry is obtained from a laser triangulation scanner. The results show the linearity between input and output process parameters, the steadiness of the output process parameters, the relation between melt-pool and final deposition, and offer insights to design effective in-process control systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’artiste à travers sa pratique de l’art qui agit dans l’espace social occupe ainsi de ce fait une position d’abord d’observateur puis, selon son positionnement, de critique. Cette « fonction » particulière et engagée affirme la volonté non seulement d’indépendance mais aussi et surtout celle de la liberté de création. Par le langage de la création, l’artiste est en mesure de porter un regard critique sur son environnement social et d’initier des formes artistiques liées au fonctionnement des sociétés démocratiques. Parmi la diversité des pratiques artistiques possibles, l’intervention urbaine, manœuvre ou performance, peut se lire et se comprendre comme l’expression de quelques fondamentaux de l’idéal démocratique. Le développement de ces pratiques éphémères au moment notamment de la Guerre froide au cours des années 70, illustre les liens entre expression artistique et aspirations démocratiques. Les fondements de ces multiples démarches et expérimentations, au-delà de leurs formes et esthétiques, demeurent toujours d’actualité, ce qui les définit comme un genre artistique véritablement transversal.

After finding distinct clades in a molecular phylogeny for Nepticulidae that could not be placed in any known genera and discovering clear apomorphic characters that define these clades, as well as a number of Neotropical species that could be placed in known genera but were undescribed, three new genera and nine new species are here described from the Neotropics: Stigmella gallicola van Nieukerken & Nishida, sp. n. reared from galls on Hampea appendiculata (Malvaceae) in Costa Rica, representing the first example of a gall making Stigmella; S. schinivora van Nieukerken, sp. n. reared from leafmines on Schinus terebinthifolia (Anacardiaceae) in Argentina, Misiones; S. costaricensis van Nieukerken & Nishida, sp. n. and S. intronia van Nieukerken & Nishida, sp. n. each from a single specimen collected the same night in Costa Rica, Parque Nacional Chirripó; S. molinensis van Nieukerken & Snyers, sp. n. reared from leafmines on Salix humboldtiana, Peru, Lima, the first Neotropical species of the Stigmella salicis group sensu stricto; Ozadelpha van Nieukerken, gen. n. with type species O. conostegiae van Nieukerken & Nishida, sp. n., reared from leafmines on Conostegia oerstediana (Melastomataceae) from Costa Rica; Neotrifurcula van Nieukerken, gen. n. with type species N. gielisorum van Nieukerken, sp. n. from Chile; Hesperolyra van Nieukerken, gen. n.. with type species Fomoria diskusi Puplesis & Robinson, 2000; Hesperolyra saopaulensis van Nieukerken, sp. n., reared from an unidentified Myrtaceae, Sao Paulo, Brasil; and Acalyptris janzeni van Nieukerken & Nishida, sp. n. from Costa Rica, Guanacaste. Five new combinations are made: Ozadelpha ovata (Puplesis & Robinson, 2000), comb. n. and Ozadelpha guajavae (Puplesis & Diškus, 2002), comb. n., Hesperolyra diskusi (Puplesis & Robinson, 2000), comb. n., Hesperolyra molybditis (Zeller, 1877), comb. n. and Hesperolyra repanda (Puplesis & Diškus, 2002), comb. n. Three specimens are briefly described, but left unnamed: Ozadelpha specimen EvN4680, Neotrifurcula specimen EvN4504 and Neotrifurcula specimen RH2.

Purpose: This study examined the effectiveness of a combined phonological and semantic intervention for children with specific language impairment who had word-finding difficulties (WFDs). Method: To evaluate the intervention, a multiple single-case design was implemented with 4 children, ages 9;6 (years;months) to 13;9, who had WFDs. Some items were trained using a phonological intervention; others were trained using a semantic one. Lexical access outcomes were measured using a picture-naming test at pre- and posttesting. Results: Three children exhibited a significant reduction in WFDs on the intervention words after 6 sessions. These effects were present at posttest and 6 months later for the treated words only and not the control words. Each child responded differently to the intervention, and these response patterns seemed to be related to each child's linguistic profile. Conclusion: This intervention seemed to achieve long-lasting reductions in children's WFDs. The differential responses to phonological and semantic intervention imply the need to tailor intervention for differing children by matching it to their linguistic profile.