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1. The Global Temperament Project: Parent-Reported Temperament in Infants, Toddlers, and Children from 59 Nations

Author

Samuel P. Putnam, Ela Sehic, Brian F. French, Maria A. Gartstein, and Benjamin Lira Luttges

Abstract

Data from 83,423 parent reports of temperament (surgency, negative affectivity, and regulatory capacity) in infants, toddlers, and children from 341 samples gathered in 59 countries were used to investigate the relations among culture, gender, and temperament. Between-nation differences in temperament were larger than those obtained in similar studies of adult personality, and most pronounced for negative affectivity. Nation-level patterns of negative affectivity were consistent across infancy, toddlerhood, and childhood, and patterns of regulatory capacity were consistent between infancy and toddlerhood. Nations that previously reported high extraversion, high conscientiousness, and low neuroticism in adults were found to demonstrate high surgency in infants and children, and countries reporting low adult openness and high adult neuroticism reported high temperamental negative affectivity. Negative affectivity was high in Southern Asia, Western Asia, and South America and low in Northern and Western Europe. Countries in which children were rated as high in negative affectivity had cultural orientations reflecting collectivism, high power distance, and short-term orientation. Surgency was high in Southeastern and Southern Asia and Southern Europe and low in Eastern Asian countries characterized by philosophies of long-term orientation. Low personal income was associated with high negative affectivity. Gender differences in temperament were largely consistent in direction with prior studies, revealing higher regulatory capacity in females than males and higher surgency in males than females, with these differences becoming more pronounced at later ages. [This article was written with 486 additional partners in the Global Temperament Project.]

Published
2024
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2. Effects of explant size on epithelial outgrowth, thickness, stratification, ultrastructure and phenotype of cultured limbal epithelial cells.

Author

O A Utheim, L Pasovic, S Raeder, J R Eidet, I G Fostad, A Sehic, B Roald, M F de la Paz, T Lyberg, D A Dartt, and T P Utheim

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

PurposeTransplantation of limbal stem cells is a promising therapy for limbal stem cell deficiency. Limbal cells can be harvested from either a healthy part of the patient's eye or the eye of a donor. Small explants are less likely to inflict injury to the donor site. We investigated the effects of limbal explant size on multiple characteristics known to be important for transplant function.MethodsHuman limbal epithelial cells were expanded from large versus small explants (3 versus 1 mm of the corneal circumference) for 3 weeks and characterized by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. Epithelial thickness, stratification, outgrowth, ultrastructure and phenotype were assessed.ResultsEpithelial thickness and stratification were similar between the groups. Outgrowth size correlated positively with explant size (r = 0.37; P = 0.01), whereas fold growth correlated negatively with explant size (r = -0.55; P < 0.0001). Percentage of cells expressing the limbal epithelial cell marker K19 was higher in cells derived from large explants (99.1±1.2%) compared to cells derived from small explants (93.2±13.6%, P = 0.024). The percentage of cells expressing ABCG2, integrin β1, p63, and p63α that are markers suggestive of an immature phenotype; Keratin 3, Connexin 43, and E-Cadherin that are markers of differentiation; and Ki67 and PCNA that indicate cell proliferation were equal in both groups. Desmosome and hemidesmosome densities were equal between the groups.ConclusionFor donor- and culture conditions used in the present study, large explants are preferable to small in terms of outgrowth area. As regards limbal epithelial cell thickness, stratification, mechanical strength, and the attainment of a predominantly immature phenotype, both large and small explants are sufficient.

Published
2019
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3. Vulnerability of Building Energy Management against Targeted False Data Injection Attacks:Model Predictive Control vs. Proportional Integral

Author

Ge, Xiaoyu, Norouzi, Kamelia, Moazeni, Faegheh, Sehic, Mirel, Khazaei, Javad, Venkitasubramaniam, Parv, and Blum, Rick

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Cybersecurity in building energy management is crucial for protecting infrastructure, ensuring data integrity, and preventing unauthorized access or manipulation. This paper investigates the energy efficiency and cybersecurity of building energy management systems (BMS) against false data injection (FDI) attacks using proportional-integral (PI) and model predictive control (MPC) methods. Focusing on a commercial building model with five rooms, vulnerability of PI-based BMS and nonlinear MPC-based BMS against FDIs on sensors and actuators is studied. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of these control strategies in maintaining system performance and lifespan, highlighting the potential of MPC in enhancing system resilience against cyber threats. Our case studies demonstrate that even a short term FDIA can cause a 12% reduction in lifetime of a heat-pump under an MPC controller, and cause a near thirty-fold overuse of flow valves under a PI controller.

Published
2023

6. Results of Daily Quality Control in Computed Tomography

Author

Čorbić, Hatina, Beganović, Adnan, Redžić, Mahira, Šehić, Adnan, Salkica, Nusret, Bajrović, Jasmina, Magjarević, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Badnjević, Almir, editor, and Gurbeta Pokvić, Lejla, editor

Published
2024
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7. Decellularization and enzymatic preconditioning of bovine uterus for improved recellularization

Author

Edina Sehic, Lucía de Miguel-Gómez, Emy Thorén, Johan Sameus, Henrik Bäckdahl, Mihai Oltean, Mats Brännström, and Mats Hellström

Subjects
Uterus, Bioengineering, Decellularization, Metalloproteinases, Immune reaction, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Uterus tissue engineering aims to repair a dysfunctional uterus that causes infertility, e.g., after significant scarring from benign or malign resection procedures. Decellularized uterine tissue provided regenerative support in several animal models as a biocompatible natural extracellular matrix (ECM) derived scaffold after uterine damage. However, variations in decellularization protocols and species used limit conclusive evidence and translational progress. Hence, a species-independent decellularization protocol could facilitate preclinical research. Therefore, we investigated if our developed sheep uterus decellularization protocol was species-independent and effective for the significantly larger bovine uterus. We further assessed if there were any negative post transplantation immunological consequences from the metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP 2, MMP 9) treatment that was used as a preconditioning treatment to significantly improve scaffold recellularization after decellularization. Methods Bovine uterus was decellularized using sodium deoxycholate, and the remaining ECM was quantitatively assessed for DNA, protein, and ECM components. The morphology and physical attributes were examined by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and mechanical tests. Scaffold biocompatibility, bioactivity, and angiogenic properties were assessed with the chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) and the immune response following transplantation of MMP treated scaffolds was compared with untreated scaffolds in a rat model. The in vitro recellularization efficiency of the scaffolds was also assessed. Results The decellularization protocol was effective for bovine uterus. The MMP treatment did not negatively affect scaffold immunogenicity in vivo, while the treatment potentiated mesenchymal stem cell recellularization in vitro. Furthermore, the decellularization protocol generated biocompatible and angiogenic uterine scaffolds. Conclusion Bovine uterus was successfully decellularized using previously established protocols. These results confirm earlier findings in the sheep model and further indicate that MMP treatment may be beneficial. The results further conclude the development of a species-independent, reproducible, and biocompatible scaffold generation protocol that can provide an important element for successful translational research.

Published
2024
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8. Falsification of Cyber-Physical Systems using Bayesian Optimization

Author

Ramezani, Zahra, Šehić, Kenan, Nardi, Luigi, and Åkesson, Knut

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are usually complex and safety-critical; hence, it is difficult and important to guarantee that the system's requirements, i.e., specifications, are fulfilled. Simulation-based falsification of CPSs is a practical testing method that can be used to raise confidence in the correctness of the system by only requiring that the system under test can be simulated. As each simulation is typically computationally intensive, an important step is to reduce the number of simulations needed to falsify a specification. We study Bayesian optimization (BO), a sample-efficient method that learns a surrogate model that describes the relationship between the parametrization of possible input signals and the evaluation of the specification. In this paper, we improve the falsification using BO by; first adopting two prominent BO methods, one fits local surrogate models, and the other exploits the user's prior knowledge. Secondly, the formulation of acquisition functions for falsification is addressed in this paper. Benchmark evaluation shows significant improvements in using local surrogate models of BO for falsifying benchmark examples that were previously hard to falsify. Using prior knowledge in the falsification process is shown to be particularly important when the simulation budget is limited. For some of the benchmark problems, the choice of acquisition function clearly affects the number of simulations needed for successful falsification.

Published
2022

9. Vision for Bosnia and Herzegovina in Artificial Intelligence Age: Global Trends, Potential Opportunities, Selected Use-cases and Realistic Goals

Author

Ajanović, Zlatan, Aličković, Emina, Branković, Aida, Delalić, Sead, Kurtić, Eldar, Malikić, Salem, Mehonić, Adnan, Merzić, Hamza, Šehić, Kenan, and Trbalić, Bahrudin

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most promising technologies of the 21. century, with an already noticeable impact on society and the economy. With this work, we provide a short overview of global trends, applications in industry and selected use-cases from our international experience and work in industry and academia. The goal is to present global and regional positive practices and provide an informed opinion on the realistic goals and opportunities for positioning B&H on the global AI scene., Comment: 25 pages, 3 figures, Bosnian language. Presented at Naucno-strucna konferencija o umjetnoj inteligenciji. Federalno ministarstvo obrazovanja i nauke, Mostar, Bosna i Hercegovina, April 2022

Published
2022

10. Onset and progression of dental erosion in a mouse model

Author

Julie Marie Haabeth Brox, Amela Tulek, Amer Sehic, Aida Mulic, Tor Paaske Utheim, and Qalbi Khan

Subjects
Acidic drinks, Dental enamel, Mouse model, Scanning electron microscopy, Tooth attrition, Tooth erosion, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Objective: Purpose of this research was to examine the onset, progression and wear rates of dental erosion in an established mouse model. Material and methods: Dental erosion in mice was experimentally induced, and the acidic effects of cola drink on their teeth after 2, 4 and 6-weeks were closely analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The tooth height and enamel or dentin loss were established. Results: The dental erosion on the molars showed clear progression from 2 to 6 weeks. By the 2-week mark, a significant portion of enamel was already eroded, revealing the dentin on the lingual cusps. When adjusted for attritional wear, molars exposed to cola for 2 weeks showed a 35% drop in lingual tooth height compared to controls (533 μm vs. 818 μm). At 4 and 6 weeks, the cola-exposed group continued to display decreased lingual tooth heights by 40% (476 μm vs. 799 μm) and 43% (440 μm vs. 767 μm), respectively. Conclusion: This study revealed significant acidic effects of cola drink on mouse molars as early as 2 weeks. These findings highlight the challenge of monitoring dental erosion clinically and underscore the importance of early preventive and intervention measures.

Published
2024
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11. Accumulation and removal of Streptococcus mutans biofilm on enamel and root surfaces in vitro

Author

Anne Breivik, Aida Mulic, Amer Sehic, Håkon Rukke Valen, Simen Kopperud, Linda Stein, and Qalbi Khan

Subjects
Biofilm removal, Streptococcus mutans, enamel, root, root caries, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to quantitatively investigate the accumulation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm on enamel and root surfaces and assess the amount of biofilm removal using (1) experimental toothpaste and (2) water, in a closed system of flow chamber. Methods: Eight sound premolars were embedded in epoxy resin and polished with silicon carbide grinding papers to display enamel and root surfaces. To mimic biofilm, cultures of Streptococcus mutans were prepared and grown on the tooth surfaces over night before they were exposed to either 2 liters of Milli Q water or 2 liters of 40% experimental toothpaste in the flow chamber. The amount of biofilm was measured and quantified in Fluorescence microscopy. Mean fluorescence values were recorded and analysed using Microsoft® Excel® (MS Excel 2016). Results: The ability to grow biofilm was equally present at both the enamel and root surfaces. The use of water and 40% experimental toothpaste showed a significant reduction of areas covered with biofilm on both enamel and root dentin in comparison to untreated surfaces (p < 0.01). Significantly more biofilm was removed from enamel compared to root surfaces when treated with either water and toothpaste (p < 0.01). Slightly less biofilm was removed by the use of water compared to toothpaste on both enamel and root dentin surfaces, although the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results indicate that less biofilm is removed from the root surfaces than enamel by the use of water and 40% experimental toothpaste in flow chamber. Assessing oral biofilm accumulation and monitoring biofilm formation on enamel and root dentin surfaces give oral health professionals important directions that could strenghten the significance of dental caries prevention. Improving older individuals’ oral hygiene practices should therefore be considered an important measure to prevent root caries.

Published
2024
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13. Educational Preferences among Conservatives and Liberals in the United States: A Quantitative Survey Study

Author

Sehic, Sandro

Abstract

The purpose of this quantitative survey research study was to explore educational preferences among individuals of conservative and liberal political orientation and of both genders in the United States of America with a 13-questionnaire survey that includes questions relating to different educational preferences. The literature review has revealed previously conducted research study that suggest that individuals of conservative and liberal political orientation may have psychological differences in the domain of emotions, attention, self-control, and cognition. However, the literature review did not reveal research studies that explored educational preferences between individuals with conservative and liberal political orientation in the United States. The results suggest that statistically significant difference exists in the preference to study abroad (X[superscript 2] (1, N = 200) = 3.739, p = 0.05). Additional differences, but without a statistically significant differences, were found in the preferences to read fiction and non-fiction genre, perform physically and non-physically challenging activities, perform reading and written assignments, and study in instructional settings where ration between the teachers and technology is uneven.

Published
2020

14. LassoBench: A High-Dimensional Hyperparameter Optimization Benchmark Suite for Lasso

Author

Šehić, Kenan, Gramfort, Alexandre, Salmon, Joseph, and Nardi, Luigi

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

While Weighted Lasso sparse regression has appealing statistical guarantees that would entail a major real-world impact in finance, genomics, and brain imaging applications, it is typically scarcely adopted due to its complex high-dimensional space composed by thousands of hyperparameters. On the other hand, the latest progress with high-dimensional hyperparameter optimization (HD-HPO) methods for black-box functions demonstrates that high-dimensional applications can indeed be efficiently optimized. Despite this initial success, HD-HPO approaches are mostly applied to synthetic problems with a moderate number of dimensions, which limits its impact in scientific and engineering applications. We propose LassoBench, the first benchmark suite tailored for Weighted Lasso regression. LassoBench consists of benchmarks for both well-controlled synthetic setups (number of samples, noise level, ambient and effective dimensionalities, and multiple fidelities) and real-world datasets, which enables the use of many flavors of HPO algorithms to be studied and extended to the high-dimensional Lasso setting. We evaluate 6 state-of-the-art HPO methods and 3 Lasso baselines, and demonstrate that Bayesian optimization and evolutionary strategies can improve over the methods commonly used for sparse regression while highlighting limitations of these frameworks in very high-dimensional and noisy settings., Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures, Accepted as a conference paper at AutoML2022

Published
2021

15. A tissue-specific role of membrane-initiated ERα signaling for the effects of SERMs.

Author

Gustafsson, Karin L, Movérare-Skrtic, Sofia, Farman, Helen H, Engdahl, Cecilia, Henning, Petra, Nilsson, Karin H, Scheffler, Julia M, Sehic, Edina, Islander, Ulrika, Levin, Ellis, Ohlsson, Claes, and Lagerquist, Marie K

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Estradiol, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Estrogens, Signal Transduction, Female, bone, estrogen, estrogen receptor alpha, palmitoylation, selective estrogen receptor modulators, uterus, Estrogen, Animal Production, Veterinary Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abstract

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) act as estrogen receptor (ER) agonists or antagonists in a tissue-specific manner. ERs exert effects via nuclear actions but can also utilize membrane-initiated signaling pathways. To determine if membrane-initiated ERα (mERα) signaling affects SERM action in a tissue-specific manner, C451A mice, lacking mERα signaling due to a mutation at palmitoylation site C451, were treated with Lasofoxifene (Las), Bazedoxifene (Bza), or estradiol (E2), and various tissues were evaluated. Las and Bza treatment increased uterine weight to a similar extent in C451A and control mice, demonstrating mERα-independent uterine SERM effects, while the E2 effect on the uterus was predominantly mERα-dependent. Las and Bza treatment increased both trabecular and cortical bone mass in controls to a similar degree as E2, while both SERM and E2 treatment effects were absent in C451A mice. This demonstrates that SERM effects, similar to E2 effects, in the skeleton are mERα-dependent. Both Las and E2 treatment decreased thymus weight in controls, while neither treatment affected the thymus in C451A mice, demonstrating mERα-dependent SERM and E2 effects in this tissue. Interestingly, both SERM and E2 treatments decreased the total body fat percent in C451A mice, demonstrating the ability of these treatments to affect fat tissue in the absence of functional mERα signaling. In conclusion, mERα signaling can modulate SERM responses in a tissue-specific manner. This novel knowledge increases the understanding of the mechanisms behind SERM effects and may thereby facilitate the development of new improved SERMs.

Published
2022

17. Advancing Phantom Fabrication: Exploring 3D-Printed Solutions for Abdominal Imaging Research

Author

Muris Becircic, Samir Delibegovic, Adnan Sehic, Fuad Julardzija, Adnan Beganovic, Kenana Ljuca, Adi Pandzic, and Merim Jusufbegovic

Subjects
additive manufacturing, computed tomography, 3D printing, phantom manufacturing, material testing, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Background: The development of novel medical imaging technologies and treatment procedures hinges on the availability of accurate and versatile phantoms. This paper presents a cost-effective approach for creating anthropomorphic abdominal phantoms. Methods: This study proposes a cost-effective method using 3D printing and readily available materials (beeswax, plaster, and epoxy resin) to create high-fidelity anthropomorphic abdominal phantoms. The three-dimensionally printed phantoms exhibited X-ray attenuation properties closely matching those of human tissues, with measured Hounsfield unit (HU) values of −115.41 ± 20.29 HU for fat, 65.61 ± 18.06 HU for muscle, and 510 ± 131.2 HU for bone. These values were compared against patient images and a commercially available phantom, and no statistically significant difference was observed in fat tissue simulation (p = 0.428). Differences were observed for muscle and bone tissues, in which the 3D-printed phantom demonstrated higher HU values compared with patient images (p < 0.001). The 3D-printed phantom’s bone simulation was statistically like that of the commercially available phantom (p = 0.063). Conclusion: This method offers a cost-effective, accessible, and customizable alternative for abdominal phantoms. This innovation has the potential to accelerate advancements in abdominal imaging research, leading to improved diagnostic tools and treatment options for patients. These phantoms could be used to develop and test new imaging techniques with high accuracy.

Published
2024
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18. Integrating Structured Digital Tools with the Traditional Hands-on Puzzle Method for Teaching Tooth Morphology: A Comparative Study of Educational Outcomes

Author

Caroline Elisabet Markholm, Helene Lindén Overskott, Amer Sehic, Tor Paaske Utheim, and Qalbi Khan

Subjects
dental anatomy, digital learning, digital videos, tooth anatomy, tooth identification, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

The study of tooth morphology is a critical component of the dental curriculum, highlighting the importance for dental students to acquire comprehensive and detailed knowledge of the complex structure of teeth. This study compared the educational outcomes of two student cohorts in a tooth morphology course, using traditional methods for the control group and additional digital video-based resources for the experimental group. We hypothesized that early integration of digital resources would significantly reduce the learning time. We retrospectively analyzed two groups of Master of Dentistry students. The control group (42 students) was taught using the traditional ‘tooth puzzle’ method, while the experimental group (42 students) supplemented traditional teaching with digital video-based tools developed by our department. Both groups’ curricula culminated in a practical post-course test requiring the identification of 40 teeth, along with a mid-course test to track the students’ learning progression. The number and type of incorrectly identified teeth were recorded. The mid-course test showed significant performance differences. The control group had a median (Q1, Q3) value of faults of 12.0 (7.8, 20.5), whereas the respective value for the experimental group was 4.0 (0.0, 8.0) (p < 0.001). In the control group, none achieved faultless results, with only two students (4.8%) having at most two faults, and six students (14.3%) having no more than four faults. The control group averaged 13.5 faults per student, with 19 students (45.2%) failing the test. Conversely, the experimental group showed improved performance: 12 students (28.6%) had no faults, and 25 students (59.5%) had four or fewer faults. The experimental group averaged 5.2 faults per student, with only four students (9.5%) failing. By the end of the course, both groups achieved commendable results on the practical tooth identification test. The experimental group slightly outperformed the control group, though the difference was not significant. The median (Q1, Q3) values were 0.0 (0.0, 2.5) and 1.0 (0.0, 4.5) for the experimental and control groups, respectively (p = 0.372). The students using both traditional and structured digital video-based tools showed greater learning advancement than those using only the traditional ‘tooth puzzle’ method.

Published
2024
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20. Prenatal anticipatory stress: Baby preparation and worry scale-revised in the Dutch context

Author

Nina Bruinhof, Ela Sehic, Gregory R. Hancock, Maria A. Gartstein, and Carolina de Weerth

Subjects
Perinatal mental health, Cross-cultural, Questionnaire validation, Infant temperament, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Background: Prenatal distress encompasses a range of different emotions, worries, and experiences of stress. The Baby Preparation and Worry Scale (Baby-PAWS) was recently developed to target anticipatory worries during pregnancy about the postnatal period. However, the Baby-PAWS questionnaire was only examined in the United States of America, limiting the questionnaire's generalizability to different countries. To address this issue, we performed a psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire in a Dutch sample and examined associations between the Baby-PAWS questionnaire and established measures of maternal distress (i.e., EPDS, STAI, PRAQ-R) and infant temperament (i.e., IBQ-R). Methods: Healthy pregnant women (N = 521) completed questionnaires during their third trimester and postnatally, including the Baby-PAWS and distress measures. A subsample of mothers (N = 194) also reported on infant temperament at 12 weeks postpartum. Results: Exploratory factor analysis suggested a four-factor structure for the 16-item questionnaire in our Dutch sample, as compared to the expected three-factor structure found in the original psychometric evaluation with the American sample. The total Baby-PAWS score was related to pre-and postnatal depression, anxiety, stress, and specific scales of infant temperament. American women scored higher on the Baby-PAWS items than Dutch women. Limitations: Our participants had higher-than-average socioeconomic status, limiting the generalizability of the findings. Conclusion: The current analyses indicate good validity of the Baby-PAWS in a Dutch sample. Furthermore, our results highlight cross-cultural differences in perinatal mental health and show the importance of examining instrument structure of context-dependent constructs, such as prenatal worries.

Published
2024
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21. Low-dimensional offshore wave input for extreme event quantification

Author

Šehić, Kenan, Bredmose, Henrik, Sørensen, John D., and Karamehmedović, Mirza

Subjects
Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

In offshore engineering design, nonlinear wave models are often used to propagate stochastic waves from an input boundary to the location of an offshore structure. Each wave realization is typically characterized by a high-dimensional input time series, and a reliable determination of the extreme events is associated with substantial computational effort. As the sea depth decreases, extreme events become more difficult to evaluate. We here construct a low-dimensional characterization of the candidate input time series to circumvent the search for extreme wave events in a high-dimensional input probability space. Each wave input is represented by a unique low-dimensional set of parameters for which standard surrogate approximations, such as Gaussian processes, can estimate the short-term exceedance probability efficiently and accurately. We demonstrate the advantages of the new approach with a simple shallow-water wave model based on the Korteweg-de Vries equation for which we can provide an accurate reference solution based on the simple Monte Carlo method. We furthermore apply the method to a fully nonlinear wave model for wave propagation over a sloping seabed. The results demonstrate that the Gaussian process can learn accurately the tail of the heavy-tailed distribution of the maximum wave crest elevation based on only $1.7\%$ of the required Monte Carlo evaluations.

Published
2020

22. Estimation of Failure Probabilities via Local Subset Approximations

Author

Šehić, Kenan and Karamehmedović, Mirza

Subjects
Statistics - Computation, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

We here consider the subset simulation method which approaches a failure event using a decreasing sequence of nested intermediate failure events. The method resembles importance sampling, which actively explores a probability space by conditioning the next evaluation on the previous evaluations using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. A Markov chain typically requires many steps to estimate the target distribution, which is impractical with expensive numerical models. Therefore, we propose to approximate each step of a Markov chain locally with Gaussian process (GP) regression. Benchmark examples of reliability analysis show that local approximations significantly improve overall efficiency of subset simulation. They reduce the number of expensive limit-state evaluations by over $80\%$. However, GP regression becomes computationally impractical with increasing dimension. Therefore, to make our use of a GP feasible, we employ the partial least squares (PLS) regression, a gradient-free reduction method, locally to explore and utilize a low-dimensional subspace within a Markov chain. Numerical experiments illustrate a significant computational gain with maintained sufficient accuracy.

Published
2020

24. Traditional Hands-On Puzzle Method versus Fully Digital Approach in Teaching Tooth Morphology: A Comparative Study of Educational Outcomes

Author

Amer Sehic and Qalbi Khan

Subjects
dental anatomy, digital learning, e-learning, tooth identification, tooth morphology, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Objective: Tooth morphology education is a critical component of dental curricula, providing a foundational understanding of the intricate structural anatomy of teeth. This study evaluates the learning outcomes in relation to tooth morphology of two student cohorts from different academic terms, comparing the traditional ‘tooth puzzle’ method to an alternative fully digital approach. Materials and Methods: Two groups of Master of Dentistry students were retrospectively analyzed. The control group (55 students) was taught via the ‘tooth puzzle’ method in 2021, while the experimental group (55 students) underwent a fully digital course in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions. Both groups completed a digital examination involving the identification of 40 teeth, presented as images and videos. Results: In the control group of 55 students, nearly half (49.1%) achieved faultless results, while 65.5% had at most two faults, and 74.5% had no more than four faults. The group had a total of 163 faults, averaging 3.0 per student, with only one student (1.8%) failing the test. In stark contrast, the experimental group had no students without faults, 9.1% had four or fewer faults, and a significant 61.8% made 10 or more faults, with 29.1% failing their first test attempt by exceeding 12 faults. Overall, the experimental group registered 582 faults, averaging 10.6 per student. Conclusions: The ‘tooth puzzle’ method, with its interactive and tactile elements, proved more effective in teaching tooth morphology than the digital-only approach. The increased number of faults and failed tests in the experimental group suggest that while digital tools offer meaningful support in learning tooth morphology, their main advantage is seen when coupled with traditional hands-on techniques, not unassisted and independently.

Published
2024
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25. Different Methods of Teaching and Learning Dental Morphology

Author

Helene Lindén Overskott, Caroline Elisabet Markholm, Amer Sehic, and Qalbi Khan

Subjects
dental anatomy, dental education, digital learning, e-learning, tooth identification, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Dental anatomy education is traditionally structured into theoretical and practical modules to foster both cognitive and psychomotor development. The theoretical module typically involves didactic lectures where educators elucidate dental structures using visual aids. In contrast, practical modules utilize three-dimensional illustrations, extracted and plastic teeth, and tooth carving exercises on wax or soap blocks, chosen for their cost, ease of handling, and fidelity in replication. However, the efficacy of these traditional methods is increasingly questioned. The criticism in this concern is that oversized carving materials may distort students’ understanding of anatomical proportions, potentially affecting the development of necessary skills for clinical practice. Lecture-driven instruction, on the other hand, is also criticized for its limitations in fostering interactive learning, resulting in a gap between pre-clinical instruction and practical patient care. In this study, we review the various educational strategies that have emerged to enhance traditional dental anatomy pedagogy by describing the effectiveness of conventional didactic lectures, wax carving exercises, the use of real and artificial teeth, the flipped classroom model, and e-learning tools. Our review aims to assess each method’s contribution to improving clinical applicability and educational outcomes in dental anatomy, with a focus on developing pedagogical frameworks that align with contemporary educational needs and the evolving landscape of dental practice. We suggest that the optimal approach for teaching tooth morphology would be to integrate the digital benefits of the flipped classroom model with the practical, hands-on experience of using extracted human teeth. To address the challenges presented by this integration, the creation and standardization of three-dimensional tooth morphology educational tools, complemented with concise instructional videos for a flipped classroom setting, appears to be a highly effective strategy.

Published
2024
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26. Active-Subspace Analysis of Exceedance Probability for Shallow-Water Waves

Author

Šehić, Kenan, Bredmose, Henrik, Sørensen, John D., and Karamehmedović, Mirza

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

We model shallow-water waves using a one-dimensional Korteweg-de Vries equation with the wave generation parameterized by random wave amplitudes for a predefined sea state. These wave amplitudes define the high-dimensional stochastic input vector for which we estimate the short-term wave crest exceedance probability at a reference point. For this high-dimensional and complex problem, most reliability methods fail, while Monte Carlo methods become impractical due to the slow convergence rate. Therefore, first within offshore applications, we employ the dimensionality reduction method called \textit{Active-Subspace Analysis}. This method identifies a low-dimensional subspace of the input space that is most significant to the input-output variability. We exploit this to efficiently train a Gaussian process that models the maximum 10-minute crest elevation at the reference point, and to thereby efficiently estimate the short-term wave crest exceedance probability. The active low-dimensional subspace for the Korteweg-de Vries model also exposes the expected incident wave groups associated with extreme waves and loads. Our results show the advantages and the effectiveness of the active-subspace analysis against the Monte Carlo implementation for offshore applications.

Published
2019

27. The Effect of English Language Learning on Creative Thinking Skills: A Mixed Methods Case Study

Author

Sehic, Sandro

Abstract

The purpose of this sequential explanatory mixed-methods case study was to investigate the effects of English language learning on creative thinking skills in the domains of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration as measured with the Alternate Uses Test. Unlike the previous research studies that investigated the links between English language learning and cognitive skills and had large numbers of participants, this research study relied on small group of participants to provide detailed information about the effects of English language learning on their creative thinking skills in the domains of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration as measured with the Alternate Uses Test. This study involved the collection of quantitative data at the pretest and posttest stages and the explanation of the quantitative data using qualitative data. The quantitative findings of this sequential explanatory mixed-method case study indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the pretest and posttest results in the domains of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration as measured with the Alternate Uses Test.

Published
2017

33. Cultural Values and Parental Psychology: A Multilevel Analysis From the Joint Effort Toddler Temperament Consortium.

Author

Sehic, Ela, French, Brian F., Majdandžić, Mirjana, Wang, Zhengyan, Beijers, Roseriet, de Weerth, Carolina, Park, Seong-Yeon, Huitron, Blanca, Ahmetoglu, Emine, Benga, Oana, Raikkonen, Katri, Heinonen, Kati, Gonzalez-Salinas, Carmen, Slobodskaya, Helena, Kozlova, Elena, Martins Linhares, Maria Beatriz, Lecannelier, Felipe, Casalin, Sara, Acar, Ibrahim, and Tuovinen, Soile

Subjects
*DEVELOPMENTAL psychology, *CULTURAL values, *CHILD rearing, *CHILD development, *POWER (Social sciences)
Abstract

The present study aims to gain a greater understanding of the manner in which culture may impact parenting and, thus, child development by examining the relationship between cultural values, socialization goals (SGs), and parental ethnotheories (PEs). Specifically, this study examined links between cultural value dimensions (i.e., individualism/collectivism, power distance, masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance, indulgence/restraint, and long-term/short-term orientation; Hofstede et al., 2010) and autonomous as well as relational SGs and PEs. We examined data collected from mothers of toddlers (N = 865) between 17 and 40 months of age (M = 26.88 months, SD = 5.65 months; 52% boys) from 14 nations represented in the Joint Effort Toddler Temperament Consortium. We hypothesized that: (a) Cultural values consistent with independent cultural ideals would be positively associated with SGs and PEs representative of greater autonomy and independence, and (b) Cultural values consistent with interdependent ideals would be positively associated with SGs and PEs representative of greater interrelatedness. Multilevel modeling was used to regress parental psychology on Hofstede's cultural values. Support for these hypotheses was somewhat mixed; higher ratings of culture-level indulgence were associated with higher autonomous PEs, as well as with higher relational and autonomous SGs. Furthermore, higher ratings of culture-level masculinity were associated with lower relational PEs and with lower autonomous SGs. The results suggest differences in the effects for cultural values associated with parenting versus cultural values associated with child outcomes and highlight considerations related to dichotomous cultural frameworks. The findings help explain both individual- and country-level variations in aspects of parental psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Using Artificial Neural Networks in Diagnostics of Familial Combined Hyperlipidaemia Based on Levels of Certain Blood Parameters and Risk Assessment of Developing Cardiovascular Disease

Author

Berina, Šahinović, Faruk, Šehić, Rijad, Šerak, Aiša, Šero, Melisa, Škrijelj, Ajla, Špago, Merima, Špago, Badnjević, Almir, Magjarevic, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Badnjevic, Almir, editor, and Gurbeta Pokvić, Lejla, editor

Published
2021
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35. A Review of Novel Methods for Diagnosing COVID-19

Author

Abdukić, Tarik, Bego, Tamer, Meseldžić, Neven, Planinić, Matej, Pulo, Evelina, Šehić, Faruk, Magjarevic, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Badnjevic, Almir, editor, and Gurbeta Pokvić, Lejla, editor

Published
2021
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39. Radiation Exposure of Patients in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Author

Beganović, Adnan, Sefić-Pašić, Irmina, Gazdić-Šantić, Maja, Jašić, Rahima, Skopljak-Beganović, Amra, Šehić, Adnan, Vegar-Zubović, Sandra, Magjarevic, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Badnjevic, Almir, editor, Škrbić, Ranko, editor, and Gurbeta Pokvić, Lejla, editor

Published
2020
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41. Noether identities in gravity theories with nondynamical backgrounds and explicit spacetime symmetry breaking

Author

Bluhm, Robert and Sehic, Amar

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

Gravitational effective field theories with nondynamical backgrounds explicitly break diffeomorphism and local Lorentz invariance. At the same time, to maintain observer independence the action describing these theories is required to be mathematically invariant under general coordinate transformations and changes of local Lorentz bases. These opposing effects of having broken spacetime symmetries but invariance under mathematical observer transformations can result in theoretical inconsistency unless certain conditions hold. The consistency constraints that must hold originate from Noether identities associated with the mathematical observer invariances in the action. These identities are examined in detail and are used to investigate gravity theories with nondynamical backgrounds, including when a St\"uckelberg approach is used. Specific examples include gravity theories with fixed scalar or tensor backgrounds, Einstein-Maxwell theory with a fixed external current, and massive gravity., Comment: 13 pages

Published
2016
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42. Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Author

Wright, Naomi Jane, Leather, Andrew J.M., Ade-Ajayi, Niyi, Sevdalis, Nick, Davies, Justine, Poenaru, Dan, Ameh, Emmanuel, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji, Lakhoo, Kokila, Smith, Emily Rose, Douiri, Abdel, Elstad, Maria, Sim, Marcus, Riboni, Cristiana, Martinez-Leo, Bruno, Akhbari, Melika, Tabiri, Stephen, Mitul, Ashrarur, Aziz, Dayang Anita Abdul, Fachin, Camila, Niyukuri, Alliance, Arshad, Muhammad, Ibrahim, Fowzia, Moitt, Natalie, Doheim, Mohamed Fahmy, Thompson, Hannah, Ubhi, Harmony, Williams, Isabelle, Hashim, Sophia, Philipo, Godfrey Sama, Herrera, Laura, Yunus, Aayenah, Vervoort, Dominique, Parker, Samuel, Benaskeur, Yousra-Imane, Alser, Osaid H., Adofo-Ansong, Nana, Alhamid, Ahmad, Salem, Hosni khairy, Saleh, Mahmoud, Elrais, Safa Abdal, Abukhalaf, Sadi, Shinondo, Patricia, Nour, Ibrahim, Aydin, Emrah, Vaitkiene, Agota, Naranjo, Kelly, Dube, Andile Maqhawe, Ngwenya, Sodumisa, Yacoub, Mina A., Kwasau, Henang, Hyman, Gabriella, Elghazaly, Shrouk Mahmoud, Al-Slaibi, Ibrahim, Hisham, Intisar, Franco, Helena, Arbab, Hana, Samad, Lubna, Soomro, Aqil, Chaudhry, Muhammad Amjad, Karim, Safina, Khattak, Muhammad Adnan Khan, Nah, Shireen Anne, Dimatatac, Doris Mae, Choo, Candy SC, Maistry, Niveshni, Mitul, Ashrarur Rahman, Hasan, Samiul, Karim, Sabbir, Yousuf, Hina, Qureshi, Taimur, Nour, Ibrahim Rabi, Al-Taher, Raed Nael, Sarhan, Osama Abdul Kareem, Garcia-Aparicio, Luis, Prat, Jordi, Blazquez-Gomez, Eva, Tarrado, Xavier, Iriondo, Martí, Bragagnini, Paolo, Rite, Segundo, Hagander, Lars, Svensson, Emma, Owusu, Sheila, Abdul-Mumin, Alhassan, Bagbio, Dominic, Ismavel, Vijay Anand, Miriam, Ann, T, Shajin, Anaya Dominguez, Marlene, Ivanov, Monica, Serban, Andreea Madalina, Derbew, Miliard, Elfiky, Mahmoud, Olivos Perez, Maricarmen, Abrunhosa Matias, Marcia, Arnaud, Alexis P, Negida, Ahmed, King, Sebastian, Fazli, Mohamad Rafi, Hamidi, Nadia, Touabti, Souhem, Chipalavela, Rossana Francisco, Lobos, Pablo, Jones, Brendan, Ljuhar, Damir, Singer, Georg, Cordonnier, Annelien, Jáuregui, Lorena, Zvizdic, Zlatan, Wong, Janice, St-Louis, Etienne, Shu, Qiang, Lui, Yang, Correa, Catalina, Pos, Lucie, Alcántara, Elvyn, Féliz, Erick, Zea-Salazar, Luis Enrique, Ali, Liza, Peycelon, Matthieu, Anatole, Nzanzu Kipata, Jallow, Cherno S., Lindert, Judith, Ghosh, Dhruv, Adhiwidjaja, Cathline Freya, Tabari, Ahmad Khaleghnejad, Lotfollahzadeh, Saran, Mussein, Haidar Mohammad, Vatta, Fabrizio, Pasqua, Noemi, Kihiko, David, Gohil, Hetal, Nour, Ibrahim R., Elhadi, Muhammed, Almada, Suad Ahmed, Verkauskas, Gilvydas, Risteski, Toni, Peñarrieta Daher, Alejandro, Outani, Oumaima, Hamill, James, Lawal, Taiwo, Mulu, Jack, Yapo, Benjamin, Saldaña, Lily, Espineda, Beda, Toczewski, Krystian, Tuyishime, Eugene, Ndayishimiye, Isaac, Raboe, Enaam, Hammond, Philip, Walker, Gregor, Djordjevic, Ivona, Chitnis, Milind, Son, Joonhyuk, Lee, Sanghoon, Hussien, Muaad, Malik, Sawazen, Ismail, Enas Musa, Boonthai, Ampaipan, Dahman, Nesrine Ben Hadj, Hall, Nigel, Castedo Camacho, Fabiola Ruth, Sobrero, Helena, Butler, Marilyn, Makhmud, Aliev, Novotny, Nathan, Hammouri, Ahmad G., Al-Rayyes, Maisara, Bvulani, Bruce, Muraveji, Qais, Murzaie, Muhammad Yousuf, Sherzad, Ajmal, Haidari, Sayed Aman, Monawar, Abdul Baqi, Samadi, Dr. Ahmad Zia, Thiessen, Jesh, Venant, Ntakarutimana, Hospital, Sonia Inamuco, Jérémie, Niyonkuru, Mbonicura, Jean Claude, Vianney, Butoyi Jean Marie, Tadesse, Amezene, Negash, Samuel, Roberts, Charles A., Jabang, John N., Bah, Abdoulie, Camamra, Kajali, Correa, Armandou, Sowe, Babucarr, Gai, A., Jaiteh, Musa, Raymond, Kwizera Jean, Mvukiyehe, Jean Paul, Itangishaka, Innocent, Kayibanda, Emmanuel, Manirambona, Emery, Lule, Joseph, Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa, Shyaka Gashugi, Ian, Ndata, Albert, Gasana, Georges, Nezerwa, Yves Castar, Simeon, Turatsinze, Muragijimana, Jean De Dieu, Rashid, Sakina, Msuya, David, Elisante, Joseph, Solanki, Meghna, Manjira, Emmanuel, Lodhia, Jay, Jusabani, Mubashir, Tarmohamed, Murad, Koipapi, Sengua, Souhem, Touabti, Sara, Nabti, Sihem, Brahimi, Dania, Bouguermouh, Toufik, Iaiche Achour, Mounira, Baghdadi Nour el islam, Habiba, Alouani, Aragão, Liliana, Gonçalves, Victor, Lino Urquizo, Marcelo Mauricio, Varela, Maria Florencia, Mercado, Pedro, Horacio, Bonavia, Damiani, Andrea, Mac, Carlos, Putruele, Daniel, Liljesthrom, Karen, Bernaus, Marianela, Jauri, Cesar, Cripovich, Alejandrina, Bianchin, Ezequiel, Puig, Maria Gabriela, Andreussi, Lorna, Iracelay, Susana, Marcos, Dolores, Herrera, Carina, Palacios, Nelly, Avile, Romina, Serezo, Belen, Montoya, Debora, Cepeda, Rodrigo, Vaquila, Justo, Veronica, Sofficci, Pardo, Liliana, Valeria, Pelussi, Julio, Lapalma, Martin, Aranda Diego, Lucio, Palazzi, Gabriel, Comba, Marianella, Depetrini, Calderón Arancibia, José Alfredo, Huespe, Enrique, Losa, Gabriela Natalia, Arancibia Gutiérrez, Elsa, Scherl, Humberto, Gonzalez, Daniel Emilio, Baistrocchi, Valentina, Silva, Yanina, Galdeano, Marcelo, Medard, Pablo, Sueiras, Ines, Romero Manteola, Enrique, Defago, Victor Hugo, Mieres, Carlos, Alberto, Carlos, Cornelli, Fabio, Molina, Marcelo, Ravetta, Pablo, Patiño Gonzalez, Celeste Carolina, Dallegre, Maria Belen, Szklarz, Maria Tatiana, Leyba, Marcos Federico, Rivarola, Nahuel Ignacio, Charras, Maria Delia, Morales, Adriana, Caseb, Paloma, Toselli, Luzia, Millán, Carolina, Junes, Maria del Carmen, Di Siervi, Oscar, Gilardi, Jose, Simon, Soledad, Contreras, Carla Sofia, Rojas, Nair, Arnoletto, Lucia Beatriz, Blain, Otilia Eva, Bravo, Mauro Nicolas, Sanchez, Nancy, Herrera Pesara, Luciana Martina, Moreno, Maria Eugenia, Sferco, Carlos Ariel, Huq, Umama, Ferdousi, Tamanna, Al-Mamun, Abdullah, Sultana, Sadia, Mahmud, Refoyez, Mahmud, Khalid, Sayeed, Fatema, Svirsky, Alexander, Sempertegui, Denisse, Negrete, Amalia, Teran, Araceli, Sadagurschi, Mariana, Popovic, Nusret, Karavdic, Kenan, Milisic, Emir, Jonuzi, Asmir, Mesic, Amira, Terzic, Sabina, Dendusic, Nejra, Biber, Elna, Sehic, Anesa, Zvizdic, Nada, Letic, Emina, Saracevic, Adna, Hamidovic, Ajla, Selak, Nejra, Horozic, Dzan, Hukic, Lamija, Muhic, Amila, Vanis, Nedim, Sokolovic, Emir, Sabic, Adnan, Becker, Karin, Novochadlo Klüppel, Elis, dos Santos Dias, André Iván Bradley, Agulham, Miguel Angelo, Bischoff, Cristiano, Sabbatini, Stella, Fernandes de Souza, Rachel, Souza Machado, Ana Beatriz, Werneck Raposo, Juliana, da Silva Augusto, Maria Lucia, Martins, Bianca M.R., de Souza Santos Ferreira, Mariana, Fernandes de Oliveira, Darli, Silva dos Santos, Carla, Ribeiro de Fernández y Alcázar, Fernanda, Alves Dutra da Silva, Érika, Furtado, Mariana, Tamada, Horácio, Silva Ferreira dos Santos, Marília, Lopes de Almeida, Thayná, Oliveira de Andrade, Susy, Gurgel do Amaral, Antonio Cipriano, Jr, Sartori Giovanoni, Lais, de Deus Passos Leles, Kamila, Corrêa Costa, Eduardo, Feldens, Leticia, Ferraz Schopf, Luciano, Soares de Fraga, José Carlos, Colombo de Holanda, Felipe, Brolin Santis Isolan, Paola Maria, Loyola Ferreira, Julia, Bruxel, Carla Luisa, Lopes Teixeira Ferdinando, Danielle, Zottis Barcelos, Fabricio, Baseggio, Natalia, Knorr Brenner, Nicole, Trindade Deyl, Rafael, Dure, Carolina, Nunes Kist, Iuri, Bueno Mazzuca, Rafael, Bueno Motter, Sarah, Ramos, Yna, Suzana Trein, Cristine, Rezende Rosa, Bianca, de Assis Silva, Murilo, Menin, Flavio Augusto, Semensato Carloni, Isabela Cristina, Norberto da Silva, Juliana Antinarelli, Gomes, Adriano Luis, Girão Tauffer, Mariana, Bassan Gonçalves, Paulo César, Nogueira Marques, Geraldo Magela, Moriya, Eliane, Labonia, Carla, Carrasco, Ana Lucia, Furtado Meyer, Karine, Farion-Aguiar, Luiz, Amado, Fernando, Antunes, Amanda, Silva, Elisângela, Telles, Leila, Almeida, Giovana, Belmino Gadelha, Aluísio Augusto, de Azevedo Belesa, Flavia, Gonçalves da Cunha, Jr, Acimar, Souza Barros, Beatriz, Zanellato, Josiane Bernartt, Guimarães, Patricia, Silva, Karina Ilheu da, Ribas, Bianca, Reuter, Cristina, Casado, Francis Tanise, Correa Leite, Mila Torii, Testoni, Daniela, Guinsburg, Ruth, de Campos Vieira Abib, Simone, Khodor Cury, Edson, Dornellas do Nascimento, Suely, Almeida Aguiar, Arthur, Melo Gallindo, Rodrigo, Gonçalves Borges, Carolina, Liu, Yang, Duote, Cai, Wang, Jinhu, Gao, Zhigang, Liang, Liang, Luo, Wenjuan, Zhao, Xiaoxia, Chen, Rui, Wang, Peng, Han, Yijiang, Huang, Ting, Donglai, Hu, Xiaodong, Guo, Junjie, Chen, Zhu, Libin, Wu, Guowei, Bao, Xiaozhou, Li, Haijing, Lv, Junying, Li, Zhongrong, Yong, Feng, Gao, Zhou Chong, Bai, Qiang, Tang, Weibing, Xie, Hua, Motee, Jethishka, Zhu, Jianming, Wen, Gang, Ruan, Weiwei, Li, Shungen, Chen, Lulu, Huang, Shungen, Lv, Zhibao, Lu, Jinjing, Huang, Liuming, Yu, Mengnan, Dajia, Wang, Bai, Yu Zuo, Rincon, Luis Carlos, Mancera, Juliana, Alzate Gallego, Edgar, Torres-Canchala, Laura, Silva Beltrán, Nathalia, Osorio Fory, Ghordana, Castaño Avila, Daniela, Forero Ladino, Angelica Maria, Gomez, Juanita, Jaramillo, Martha, Morales, Otto, Sanchez, Beatriz, Tinoco Guzmán, Nestor Julien, Castañeda Espinosa, Sergio, Prieto Vargas, Osbaldo, Pardo, Lina Maria, Toral, Eliana, Cáceres Aucatoma, Freud, Hinostroza, Daniel, Valencia, Santiago, Salinas, Vicente, Landivar Cino, Enrique, Ponce Fajardo, Gabriela Yulissa, Astudillo, Miguel, Garcia, Virginia, Muñoz, Guillermo, Verduga, Leonardo, Verduga, Ivan, Murillo, Ericka, Bucaram, Elena, Guayelema, Marisol, Marmol, Monica, Sanchez, Janina, Vergara, Carolina, Mena, Adriana, Velaña, Junior, Salazar, Karla, Lara, Sandra, Chiriboga, Elena, Silva, Julian, Gad, Dalia, Samy, Doaa, Elsadek, Menan Ahmed, Mohammed, Hanan Mahmoud, Abouheba, Mohamed, Ali, Karim Osamy, Rashwan, Hayssam, Fawzy, Omar Moustafa, Kamel, Tarek mohamed, Nemer, Rawan, Hassan, Mohamed Abada, Falah, Eyad Hassan, Abdelhady, Dina Sobhy, Zain, Mostafa, Ibrahim, Eman Abouzeid Abouzeid, Elsiraffy, Omar Ossama, Aboelela, Ahmed, Farag, Eman mohamed, Oshiba, Ahmed Mohamed, Emam, Omar Sameh, Attia, Alaa Mobarak, Laymouna, Moustafa A., Ghorab, Islam Abdelmonem, Mohammed, Mansour Mkayed, Soliman, Nourhan Akram, Ghaly, Khaled Abd elrahman, Sadek, Kareem, Elsherbiny, Mohamed, Saleh, Amr, Sheir, Hesham, Wafa, Tamer, Elmenam, Mohamed Abd, Abdelmaksoud, Sherif, Reda, Ahmed, Mansour, Islam, Elzohiri, Mohamed, Waseem, Basma, Elewaily, Mohamed, El-Ghazaly, Mohammed, Elhattab, Ahmad, Shalaby, Amr, Elsaied, Adham, Adawy, Ahmad, Sadek, Mirna, Ahmed, Mahmoud Abdelfattah, Herdan, Mohamed Omar, Elassall, Gena Mohamed Hamed, Mohammed, Azhar Arabi, Takrouney, Mohammed Hamada, Essa, Tarek Mohamed, Mahmoud, Ahmed Mokhtar, Saad, Alshaimaa M., Fouly, Mariam Albatoul Nageh, Ibrahim, Mahmoud abdelshakour, Nageh, Mohammad, Saad, Mahmoud M., Badr, Helmy, Fouda, Mohamed Fayez, Nofal, Ahmed Hassan, Almohamady, Hisham, Arafa, Mohamed Ahmed, Amad, Mohamed, Mansour, Mohamed Awad, O'Connor, Jennifer, O'Connor, Zachary, Anatole, Nzanzu, Nkunzimana, Elysé, Machemedze, Solomon, Dieudonné, Lemfuka, Appeadu-Mensah, William, Anyomih, Theophilus Teddy Kojo, Alhassan, Priscilla, Abantanga, Francis A., Michael, Vishal, Mary Koshy, Roshine, Raj, Ankit, Kumar, Vijay, PT, Sundeep, Prabhu, P Santosh, Vosoughi, Armin, Al-Mayoof, Ali Farooq, Fadhle, Muhamed Jassim, Joda, Ali Egab, Algabri, Hayder Nadhim Obaid, Abdelhamid, Sultan S., Al-Momani, Hashem M., Amarin, Marzouq, Zaghlol, Louay Y., Alsaadi, Nijmeh Nasser, Qwaider, Yasmeen Z., Qutishat, Hibah, Aliwisat, Ahmad Hasan, Arabiat, Esraa, Bsisu, Isam, Murshidi, Raghad M., Jabaiti, Mohammad S., Bataineh, Ziad A., Abuhayyeh, Husam Aldean, Quran, Thekraiat M. Al, Za'nouneh, Faris J. Abu, Alebbini, Mohanad Mutasem, Qudah, Hamzah Abullah, Hussein, Omar Ghazi, Murad, Amir M.I., Amarin, Justin Z., Suradi, Haya H., Alzraikat, Sayel H., Omari, Rand Y., Matour, Bashar M., Al-Halbouni, Layana, Zurikat, Rajai O., Yanis, Ahmad H., Hussein, Sara Al, Shoubaki, Ali, Ghanem, Waleed H., David, Kuria, Chitiavi, Soita Wycliffe, Mose, Moraa, Mugo, Robert, Ndungu, James, Mwai, Timothy, Shahbal, Swaleh, Malik, Janan, Chauhan, Nirav, Syovata, Francisa, Ochieng, Kevin, Omendo Liyenzero, Polycarp, Hussain, Syeda Ra'ana, Mugambi, Stanley, Ochieng, Roseline, Elkhazmi, Ebtesam Othman Abdulsalam, Khaled, Ala, Albozidi, Aya, Enbaya, Manal Ben, Elgammudi, Mala, Soula, Enas, Khalel, Wegden ibrahim almabrouk, Elhajjaji, Yasmine Ali, Alwaggaa, Nouriyah Ali, Ghayth, Sumayyah, Zreeg, Dafer abdulhakim .S., Tantush, Sara Abobaker, Bibas, Fatma, Layas, Tesneem, Sharif, Randa Alamen M, Aljadidi, Wesal Omar F. Saied, Tarek, Ahmed, Ahmed, Hazem, Essamilghi, Kamila Almabrouk Mohammed, Alfoghi, Mabroka, Abuhlega, Ma'aly A., Arrmali, Saddam, Abduljawad, Fatima Mousa, Alosta, Hasan Mustafa, Abuajaila, Abdulsalam, Abdelmutalib, Fakereldeen, Bashir, Fatma, Almengar, Inas, Annajjar, Mohammad hasan, Deyab, Abdelaziz, Elzowawi, Fathi, Krayem, Yousef, Drah, Weam, Meftah, Asma, Mohammed, Abobaker, Arrmalli, Lina Ali, Aljaboo, Hajir, Elayeb, Abdallah, Altomi, Mohamed, Altaweel, Ahmed, Tumi, Mohamed, Bazozi, Hana Milad, Shaklawoon, Aisha, Alglaib, Mohammed Meftah, Elkaloush, Abdullahn Abdousalam, Trainba, Sara, Swessi, Hisham, Alnaeri, Ali, Shnishah, Aya Essam, Mustufa, Hamassat, Gargum, Sondas Ali, Tarniba, Sara Ali, Shalluf, Hawa Ahmed, Shokri, Hajer Ali, Sarkaz, Taher L., Tababa, Osama, Elhadi, Ahmed, Naunova, Vesna Cvetanovska, Jovcheski, Laze, Kamilovski, Marjan, Gavrilovska-Brzanov, Aleksandra, Latiff, Zarina Abdul, Pauzi, Siti Farhan Moh, Osman, Marjmin, Lim, Felicia, Bakar, Ainal Huda Abu, Zaman, Azrina SK, Ishak, Shareena, Teo, Rufinah, Qi, Dr. Tammy Teoh Han, Othman, Mohd Yusran Bin, Zahari, Dato' Dr Zakaria bin, Hassan, Zulfitri bin Md, Shan, Cheah Hui, Lechmiannandan, Abhirrami, Tamaddun, Hafatin Fairos bt, Adanan, Mohd Fitri Shukri bin Mohamed, Abdullah, Mohd Yusof bin, Junyi, Wang, Nor, Mohd. Tarmizi Mohd, Noor, Wan Ruzaimie, Hassan, Mohd Razin bin, Dalek, Noor Fa'izatul Rahil Ambok, Hashim, Hidayah Hayati binti, Zarwawi, Ahmad Zulhisyam bin, Vellusamy, V Muthualhagi M, Yuen, Quah Soong, Kannessan, Hemasutha a/p, Ramli, Najua binti, Bujarimin, Ahmad Shafiee bin, Anntinea, Jessmine, Dass, Anthony, Khalid, Hazlina Mohd., Hanifah, Nur Atiqah binti Mohd, Jyun, Keily Wong Yue, Razak, Rahilah binti Abd, Naim, Nur Atifah binti Mohd, Hamzah, Siti Nur Aien binti Hamid, Vidal, Cristian R. Zalles, Bracho Blanchet, Eduardo, Dávila Perez, Roberto, Fernandez Portilla, Emilio, Villegas Silva, Raúl, Ibarra, Daniel, Calderon Moore, Antonio, Carrasco-Ortega, Cesar, Noguez Castillo, Monica, Herappe Mellado, Dorihela, Yanowsky Reyes, Guillermo, Gonzalez Cortez, Luis Fernando, Santana Ortiz, Rafael, Orozco Perez, Jamie, Corona C.Rivera, Jorge Román, Cardenas Ruiz Velasco, Juan Jose, Quiles Corona, Moises, Peña Padilla, Christian, Bobadilla Morales, Lucina, Corona Rivera, Alfredo, Rios Flores, Izabel Maryalexandra, Aranda Sánchez, Cristian Irela, Ambriz-González, Gabriela, Martínez Hernández Magro, Nestor, León Frutos, Francisco Javier, Cárdenas Barón, José de Jesús, González Ojeda, Alejandro, Yarza Fernández, Jessica, Porras, Juan Domingo, Aguirre-Lopez, Pastor, Sánchez Paredes, Vicente, Montalvo Marin, Arturo, Diaz Gomez, Jose Manuel, Caamal, Lorenzo Juvencio, Bulnes Mendizabal, David, Sanchez Valladares, Pablo, Garcia Martinez, Humberto, Adesanya, Opeoluwa, Olanrewaju, Moses, Adegboyega, Rilwan, Abdulraheem, Nurudeen, Aremo, Anuoluwapo, Dedeke, Florence, Chukwuemeka, Anyanwu Lofty-John, Mohammad, Mohammad Aminu, Lawalbarau, Abdullahi, Collins, Nwokoro, Ibukunolu, Ogundele, Shonubi, Amo, Ladipo-Ajayi, Oluwaseun, Elebute, Olumide Abiodun, Seyi-Olajide, Justina, Alakaloko, Felix, Ihediwa, George, Olayade, Kayode, Bode, Christopher, Ogundoyin, Olakayode, Olulana, Dare I., Egbuchulem, Ifeanyichukwu Kelvin, Kumolalo, Felix O., Ulasi, Ikechukwu, Ezomike, Uchechukwu Obiora, Ekenze, Sebastian Okwuchukwu, Nwankwo, Elochukwu Perpetua, Nwangwu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi, Chukwu, Isaac, Amah, Christopher Chim, Obianyo, Nene Elsie, Williams, Omolara, Osuoji, Roland Iheanyichukwu, Faboya, Omolara Moronkeji, Ajai, Olalekan Temitope, Abdulsalam, Moruf Adekunle, Agboola, Titiloye Hannah, Temilade, Bolarinwa Bolanle, Osazuwa, Maryrose, Salawu, Morayo Monsurat, Ejinkeonye, Eze Chukwuemeka, Yola, Mariya Mukhtar, Mairami, Amsa B., Otuneye, Adekunle T., Igoche, Matthias, Tanimola, Adebayo Gbenga, Ajao, Emmanuel Akinlabi, Agelebe, Efeturi, Olori, Samson, Mshelbwala, Philip Mari, Osagie, Olabisi, Oyinloye, Adewale, Abubakar, Auwal M, Oyebanji, Lateef, Shehu, Ibrahim, Cletus, Cyril, Bamanga, Ahmed, Suleiman, Faruk, Adamu, Sani, C.Nwosu, David, S.Alkali, Yahya, Jalo, Iliya, Rasaki, Aliu, T.Sambo, Yusuf, A.Mohammed, Kalakwa, M.Ballah, Abubakar, Modekwe, Victor, Ekwunife, Okechukwu Hyginus, Ezidiegwu, Ugochukwu S, Osuigwe, Andrew N, Ugwu, Jideofor O, Ugwunne, Chuka A, Akhter, Nadeem, Gondal, Mudassir Fayaz, Raza, Rafee, Chaudary, Ali Raza, Ali, Hassan, Nisar, Muhammad Umar, Jamal, Muhammad Umer, Pandit, Ghuri Shankar, Mumtaz, Uzma, Amjad, Muhammad Bin, Talat, Nabila, Rehman, Wajeeh ur, Saleem, Muhammad, Mirza, Muhammad Bilal, Hashim, Imran, Haider, Naveed, Hameed, Soban, Saleem, Ayesha, Dogar, Sohail, Sharif, Muhammad, Bashir, Muhammad Kashif, Naumeri, Fatima, Rani, Zarqa, Baniowda, Muath A.M., Ba'baa', Basheer, Hassan, Majd Yousef Mohammed, Darwish, Ammar, Sehwiel, Abrar Shaheen, Shehada, Mohammed, Balousha, Abrar ghassan, Ajrami, Yara, Alzamari, Ainaa Ata Mohammad, Yaghi, Bashar, Al-saleem, Hasan Subhi Hasan Abu, Farha, Mervat Sufian Abu, Abdelhafez, Mohammad Omar Mohammad, Anaya, Firas, Qadomi, Asef belal, Odi, Abd Al-Naser Bany, Assi, Muath Abdelrahem Fuad, Sharabati, Fadwa, Abueideh, Ahmad, Beshtawi, Doha mustafa saleh, Arafat, Hasan, Khatatba, Lara Zahi Adel, Abatli, Safa' Jamal, Al-Tammam, Hiba, Jaber, Dania, Kayed, Yara Imad Omar, Abumunshar, Ali Abdelhay, Misk, Rami Anwar, Alzeer, Asmahan Mohammad Suliman, Sharabati, Mutassem, Ghazzawi, Ihsan, Darras, Osama Majed, M.Qabaja, Mahmoud, Hajajreh, Ma'alem sameer, Samarah, Yasmeen Ahmad, Yaghi, Dua Hasan, Qunaibi, Moradallah Asad Fahmi, Mayaleh, Abdelrazzaq Abu, Joubeh, Sharehan, Ebeido, Annan, Adawi, Samer, Adawi, Ihda, Alqor, Mohammad Omar Ibrahim, Arar, Ahmad Samih, Awad, Hadeel, Abu-Nejmah, Fawzi, Shabana, Osaid Shaher, Alqarajeh, Firas, Alzughayyar, Tareq Z., Madieh, Jomana, Sbaih, Mahmoud Fuad, Alkareem, Raghad mohammad abdu, Lahlooh, Raghad abdullateef, Halabi, Yasmeen Adly, Baker, Wisam, Almusleh, Tasneem Fathi Hasan, Tahyneh, Abdulraheem Adnan Abdulraheem, Atatri, Yazid yousef mahmoud, Jamie, Najlaa Abu, Massry, Nasrallah Ashraf Al, Lubbad, Walaa, A.Nemer, Ayoub, Alser, Mohammed, Salha, Aya Azmi Shehda, Alnahhal, Khaled, Elmzyyen, Aya Mahmoud, Ghabayen, Amir Talat Sheda, Alamrain, Abdulwhhab Ayman Abu, Al-Shwaikh, Samar H., Elshaer, Omar Adly, Shaheen, Nureddin, Fares, Jehad, Dalloul, Hisham, Qawwash, Anas, Jayyab, Mustafa abu, Ashour, Dina Ayman, Shaheen, Ahmad Ashraf, Naim, Samy Rafat Ramadan, Shiha, Eman Abu, Dammagh, Nagham Mohammed Al, Almadhoun, Walaa, Al-Salhi, Ashraf Ayman, Hammato, Abdalkarim Yhya, Salim, Jamal Mohammed, Hasanain, Doaa Khalil, Alwadia, Soha Marwan Salem, Nassar, Ismail, Al-Attar, Hala M., Alshaikhkhalil, Haya Abdulnasser Ali, Jamie, Yasmin Mohammed Khalil Abu, Ashour, Yara shareef, Alijla, Sharif S., Tallaa, Mohamed Anwer El, Abuattaya, Adham Ashraf, Wishah, Bisan D.M., ALDIRAWI, MOHAMMED A.M., Darwish, Ahmed S, Alzerei, Sulaiman T., Wishah, Nidal, Alijla, Sharif, Garcia, Isidora, Diaz Echegaray, Marlene, Cañapataña Sahuanay, Veronica Raquel, Trigoso Mori, Fernando, Alvarado Zelada, Jackelyne, Salinas Barreto, Juan Jose, Rivera Altamirano, Porfirio, Torres Miranda, Cesar, Anicama Elias, Rocio, Rivera Alvarez, Julio, Vasquez Matos, Juan Pedro, Ayque Rosas, Fernando, Ledesma Peraza, Jesmarina, Gutarra Palomino, Andrea, Vega Centen, Stephany, Casquero, Victor, Ortiz Argomedo, María Rosa, Lapouble, Francisco, Llap Unchón, Genaro, Delgado Malaga, Florangel Patricia, Ortega Sotelo, Luis, Gamboa Kcomt, Segundo, Villalba Villalba, Araceli, Mendoza Leon, Nancy Rossana, Cardenas Alva, Loreley Raquel, Loo Neyra, Maria Susana, Alanguia Chipana, Cathy Lee, Torres Picón, Cintya Maria de Jesus, Huaytalla Quiroz, Natalia, Dominguez, Danny, Segura Calle, Carlos, Arauco, Jenny, Ormeño Calderón, Luis, Ghilardi Silva, Ximena, Fernandez Wilson, Miriam Daniela, Gutierrez Maldonado, Joan Elizabeth, Diaz Leon, Cesar, Berrocal Anaya, Waldo, Chavez Galvez, Patricia, Aguilar Gargurevich, Prince Pamela, Diaz Castañeda, Flor de Maria, Guisse, Carmen, Ramos Paredes, Erika, Apaza Leon, Jose Luis, Aguilar Aguilar, Faye, Ramirez De La Cruz, Raul, Flores Carbajal, Lenny, Mendoza Chiroque, Carlos, Sulca Cruzado, Gladys Johana, Tovar Gutierrez, Natalia, Sotelo Sanchez, Jennifer, Paz Soldan, Carolina, Hernández Córdova, Karina, Delgado Quinteros, Edgar Fernando, Brito Quevedo, Luz Mery, Mendoza Oviedo, Juan Jose, Samanez Obeso, Angel, Paredes Espinoza, Patricia, de Guzman, Johann, Yu, Raisa, Cosoreanu, Vlad, Ionescu, Sebastian, Mironescu, Aurel, Vida, Lucian, Papa, Adrian, Verdeata, Roxana, Gavrila, Bogdan, Muntean, Liviu, Lukac, Marija, Stojanovic, Miona, Toplicic, Djordje, Slavkovic, Milan, Slavkovi, Andjelka, Zivanovic, Dragoljub, Kostic, Ana, Raicevic, Maja, Nkuliza, Delphine, Sidler, Daniel, Vos, Corné de, Merwe, Elmarie vd, Tasker, David, Khamag, Omar, Rengura, Cecilia, Siyotula, Thozama, Jooma, Uzair, Delft, Dirk von, Arnold, Marion, Mangray, Hansraj, Harilal, Shamaman, Madziba, Sanele, Wijekoon, Naveen, Gamage, Tharanga, Bright, Benedict Paul, Abdulrahman, Alaa, Mohammed, Ola Ahmed Abdulmjeed, Salah, Mohammed, Ajwa, Ahmad Elian Abu, Morjan, Mohammed, Batal, Mohammad Mohannad, Faks, Vivian, Mouti, Mohamad Bassel, Assi, Ahmadfateh, Al-Mouakeh, Ahmad, Tarabishi, Ahmad Sankari, Aljarad, Ziad, Alhamid, Aos, Khorana, Jiraporn, Poocharoen, Wannisa, Liukitithara, Sirima, Sriniworn, Anan, Nuntasunti, Wasun, Ngerncham, Monawat, Phannua, Ratiyaporn, Thaiwatcharamas, Kanokrat, Tanming, Patchareeporn, Sahnoun, Lassaad, Kchiche, Nahla, Abdelmoumen, Roua, Eroğlu, Egemen, Ozen, Mehmet Ali, Cömert, Hatice Sonay Yalçın, İmamoğlu, Mustafa, Sarıhan, Haluk, Kader, Şebnem, Mutlu, Mehmet, Aslan, Yakup, Beşir, Ahmet, Geze, Şükran, Çekiç, Bahanur, Yalcinkaya, Ali, Sönmez, Kaan, Karabulut, Ramazan, Türkyılmaz, Zafer, Şeref, Kıvanç, Altın, Merve, Aykut, Merve, Akan, M.Eren, Erdem, Melisa, Ergenekon, Ebru, Türkyılmaz, Canan, Keleş, Elif, Canözer, Ali, Yeniay, Aslı Öztürk, Eren, Elif, Cesur, İlknur Banlı, Özçelik, Zerrin, Kurt, Gökmen, Mert, Mustafa Kurthan, Kaya, Hatice, Çelik, Müge, Karakus, Suleyman Cuneyt, Erturk, Nazile, Suzen, Alev, Hakan, Nilay, Akova, Fatih, Pasaoglu, Mehmet, Eshkabilov, Shukurali, Yuldashev, Rustam Z., Abdunomonovich, Dekhkonboev Avazjon, Muslimovich, Aliev Makhmudjan, Patel, Azad, Kapihya, Chisengo, Ensar, Nicholas, Nataraja, Ramesh M, Sivasubramaniam, Mithila, Jones, Matthew, Teague, Warwick, Tanny, Sharman Tan, Thomas, Gordon, Roberts, Kiera, Venkatraman, Soundappan Sannappa, Till, Holger, Pigeolet, Manon, Dassonville, Martine, Shikha, Anas, Win, Win Sabai Phyu, Ahmad, Zahidah Adlynee Haji, Meloche-Dumas, Léamarie, Caouette-Laberge, Louise, St-Vil, Dickens, Aspirot, Ann, Piché, Nelson, Joharifard, Shahrzad, Safa, Nadia, Laberge, Jean-Martin, Emil, Sherif, Puligandla, Pramod, Shaw, Kenneth, Wissanji, Hussein, Duggan, Eileen, Guadagno, Elena, Puentes, Maria Consuelo, Leal, Paola Osses, Mendez Benavente, Carolina, Rygl, Michal, Trojanová, Barbora, Berková, Klára, Racková, Tereza, Planka, Ladislav, Škvařil, Jan, Štichhauer, Radek, Sabti, Shahad, Macdonald, Alex, Bouhadiba, Nordeen, Kufeji, Dorothy, Pardy, Caroline, Mccluney, Simon, Keshtgar, Alireza, Roberts, Rebecca, Rhodes, Hannah, Burns, Kate, Garrett-Cox, Robin, Ford, Kat, Cornwall, Hannah, Ravi, Krithi, Arthur, Felicity, Losty, Paul, Lander, Tony, Jester, Ingo, Arul, Suren, Gee, Oliver, Soccorso, Giampiero, Singh, Michael, Pachl, Max, Martin, Benjamin, Alzubair, Afnan, Kelay, Arun, Sutcliffe, Jonathan, Middleton, Thomas, Thomas, Amy Hughes, Kurian, Merina, Cameron, Fraser, Sivaraj, Jayaram, Thomas, Mark C, Rex, Dean, Jones, Ceri, Bradshaw, Kate, Bonnard, Arnaud, Delforge, Xavier, Duchesne, Camille, Gall, Caroline Le, Defert, Coralie, Laraqui Hossini, Samia, Guerin, Florent, Hery, Géraldine, Fouquet-Languillat, Virginie, Kohaut, Jules, Broch, Aline, Blanc, Thomas, Harper, Luke, Delefortrie, Thomas, Ballouhey, Quentin, Fourcade, Laurent, Grosos, Céline, Parmentier, Benoit, Levard, Guillaume, Grella, Maria Giovanna, Renaux Petel, Mariette, Grynberg, Lucie, Abbo, Olivier, Mouttalib, Sofia, Juricic, Mélodie, Scalabre, Aurelien, Haraux, Elodie, Rissmann, Anke, Krause, Hardy, Goebel, Peter, Patzer, Ludwig, Rolle, Udo, Schmedding, Andrea, Antunez-Mora, Alexandra, Tillig, Bernd, Bismarck, Sylvester von, Barbosa, Patricia Reis, Knorr, Christian, Stark, Domitille, Brunero, Marco, Avolio, Luigi, Manni, Francesco, Molinelli, Matilde, Guazzotti, Marinella, Raffaele, Alessandro, Romano, Piero Giovanni, Cavaiuolo, Silvia, Parigi, Gian Battista, Juhasz, Laszlo, Rieth, Anna, Strumila, Arunas, Dagilytė, Rūta, Liubsys, Arunas, Gurskas, Pranas, Malcius, Dalius, Mikneviciute, Agne, Vinskaite, Asta, Barauskas, Vidmantas, Vierboom, Liam, Hall, Timothy, Beasley, Spencer, Goddard, Lucy, Stringer, Mark, Weeratunga, Naveen, Adams, Stephen, Cama, Jitoko, Wong, Marilyn, Jayaratnam, Sridharan, Kukkady, Askar, Samarakkody, Udaya, Gerus, Sylwester, Patkowski, Dariusz, Wolny, Agnieszka, Koszutski, Tomasz, Tobor, Szymon, Osowicka, Marta, Czauderna, Piotr, Wyrzykowski, Dariusz, Garnier, Hanna, Anzelewicz, Stefan, Marta, Osowicka, Knurowska, Agata, Weiszewsk, Alicja, Grabowski, Andrzej, Korlacki, Wojciech, Pasierbek, Michal, Wolak, Przemyslaw, Piotrowska, Aneta, Roszkiewicz, Anna, Kalicińsk, Piotr, Trypens, Agata, Kowalewsk, Grzegorz, Sigalet, David, Alsaied, Amer, Ali, Mansour, Alsaggaf, Ameen, Ghallab, Alaa, Owiwi, Yazeed, Zeinelabdeen, Ali, Fayez, Mohamed, Atta, Ahmed, Zidan, Mazen, Radwan, Asaad saleh, Shalaby, Hanin, Abdelbaqi, Reem, Alattas, Khalid, Kano, Yar, Sindi, Omar, Alshehri, Abdullah, Altokhais, Tariq, Alturki, Fahad, Almosaibli, Mohammad, Krisanova, Dasha, Abbas, Wisam, Yang, Hee-Beom, Kim, Hyun-Young, Youn, Joong Kee, Chung, Jae Hee, Cho, Seok Hyeon, Hwang, In ji, Lee, Ju yeon, Song, Eung song, Arboleda, Jenny, Ruiz de Temiño Bravo, Mercedes, Siles Hinojosa, Alexander, García, Miriam, Casal Beloy, Isabel, Oliu San Miguel, Detlef, Molina Vazquez, Maria Elena, Alonso, Verónica, Sanchez, Alberto, Gomez, Oscar, Carrillo, Isabel, Wester, Tomas, Mesas Burgos, Carmen, Salö, Martin, Omling, Erik, Rudolfson, Niclas, Granéli, Christina, Arnadóttir, Helena, Grottling, Emma, Abrahamsson, Kate, Gatzinsky, Vladimir, Dellenmark Blom, Michaela, Borbonet, Daniel, Puglia, Paul, Jimenez Morejon, Vinicio, Acuna, Gaston, Moraes, Mario, Chan, Jonathan, Brahmamdam, Pavan, Tom, Alan, Sherer, Karen, Gonzales, Brandy, Cunningham, Aaron, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Baertschiger, Reto, Leech, Mary, Williams, Regan, Camp, Lauren, Gosain, Ankush, Mora, Maria, Lyttle, Bailey D., Chang, Jeremy, McColl Makepeace, Lydia, Fowler, Kathryn L, Mansfield, Sara, Hodgman, Erica, Amaechi, Chukwubinyelum, Beres, Alana, Pernik, Mark N., Dosselman, Luke J., Almasri, Murad, Jain, Sunil, Modi, Varun, Fernandez Ferrer, Marianelly, Coon, John, Gonzalez, Joann, Honhar, Medhavi, Ruzgar, Nensi, Coghill, Griffin, Ullrich, Sarah, Cheung, Maija, Løfberg, Katrine, Greenberg, Jodie, Davenport, Kate, Gadepalli, Samir, Fox, Sarah, Johnson, Stephanie, Pilkington, Mercedes, Hamilton, April, Lin, Nicole, Sola, Juan, Yao, Yang, Davis, Jenna Kylene, Langer, Monica, Vacek, Jonathan, Abdullah, Fizan, Khlevner, Julie, Middlesworth, William, Levitt, Marc, Ahmad, Hira, Siddiqui, Sabina M, Bowder, Alex, Derks, Terry, Amoabin, Afua Amoabin, Pinar, Brooke, Owusu-Sekyere, Frank, Saousen, Benmanseur, Naidoo, Rasika, Karamustafic, Azra, Oliveira, Danielle Paula de, Motter, Sarah Bueno, Andrade, Jerhy, Šafus, Antonín, Langley, Jason, Wilke, Alexandra, Deya, Corazone, Murtadi, Habib Mansour, Berzanskis, Mindaugas, Calistus, Nwachukwu, Ajiboye, Olalekan S., Felix, Michael, Olabisi, Osagie O, Erçin, Seçil, Muradi, Teymursha, Burks, Stephen S., Lerma, Sergio, Jacobson, Jillian, Calancea, Calin, Valerio-Vazquez, Rafael, Sikwete, Guigui, Sekyere, Owusu, Mbonisweni, Akhona, Syed, Shahnoor, Hyeon, Cho Seok, Pajouhandeh, Fatemeh, and Kunfah, Sheba Mary Pognaa

Published
2021
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45. Transplantation of a bioengineered tissue patch promotes uterine repair in the sheep

Author

Sehic, Edina, de Miguel Gómez, Lucía, Rabe, Hardis, Thorén, Emy, Gudmundsdottir, Ingigerdur, Oltean, Mihai, Akouri, Randa, Brännström, Mats, Hellström, Mats, Sehic, Edina, de Miguel Gómez, Lucía, Rabe, Hardis, Thorén, Emy, Gudmundsdottir, Ingigerdur, Oltean, Mihai, Akouri, Randa, Brännström, Mats, and Hellström, Mats

Abstract

Innovative bioengineering strategies utilizing extracellular matrix (ECM) based scaffolds derived from decellularized tissue offer new prospects for restoring damaged uterine tissue. Despite successful fertility restoration in small animal models, the translation to larger and more clinically relevant models have not yet been assessed. Thus, our study investigated the feasibility to use a 6 cm2 graft constructed from decellularized sheep uterine tissue, mimicking a future application to repair a uterine defect in women. Some grafts were also recellularized with fetal sheep bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SF-MSCs). The animals were followed for six weeks post-surgery during which blood samples were collected to assess the systemic immune cell activation by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Tissue regeneration was assessed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression analyses. There was a large intra-group variance which prompted us to implement a novel scoring system to comprehensively evaluate the regenerative outcomes. Based on the regenerative score each graft received, we focused our analysis to map potential differences that may have played a role in the success or failure of tissue repair following the transplantation therapy. Notably, three out of 15 grafts exhibited major regeneration that resembled native uterine tissue, and an additional three grafts showed substantial regenerative outcomes. For the better regenerated grafts, it was observed that the systemic T-cell subgroups were significantly different compared with the failing grafts. Hence, our data suggest that the T-cell response play an important role for determining the uterus tissue regeneration outcomes. The remarkable regeneration seen in the best-performing grafts after just six weeks following transplantation provides compelling evidence that decellularized tissue for uterine bioengineering holds great promise for clinically relevant applications. © 202, The study was financed by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council (VR: 116008), the ALF-agreement (between the Swedish Government and the county council), the Adlerbertska, Wilhelm & Martina Lundgrens research foundations.

Published
2024
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47. The Global Temperament Project: Parent-reported temperament in infants, toddlers, and children from 59 nations

Author

Putnam, S, Sehic, E, French, B, Gartstein, M, Lira Luttges, B, Macchi Cassia, V, Quadrelli, E, Putnam, SP, French, BF, Gartstein, MA, Putnam, S, Sehic, E, French, B, Gartstein, M, Lira Luttges, B, Macchi Cassia, V, Quadrelli, E, Putnam, SP, French, BF, and Gartstein, MA

Abstract

Data from 83,423 parent reports of temperament (surgency, negative affectivity, and regulatory capacity) in infants, toddlers, and children from 341 samples gathered in 59 countries were used to investigate the relations among culture, gender, and temperament. Between-nation differences in temperament were larger than those obtained in similar studies of adult personality, and most pronounced for negative affectivity. Nationlevel patterns of negative affectivity were consistent across infancy, toddlerhood, and childhood, and patterns of regulatory capacity were consistent between infancy and toddlerhood. Nations that previously reported high extraversion, high conscientiousness, and low neuroticism in adults were found to demonstrate high surgency in infants and children, and countries reporting lowadult openness and high adult neuroticism reported high temperamental negative affectivity. Negative affectivity was high in Southern Asia, Western Asia, and South America and low in Northern and Western Europe. Countries in which children were rated as high in negative affectivity had cultural orientations reflecting collectivism, high power distance, and short-term orientation. Surgency was high in Southeastern and Southern Asia and Southern Europe and low in Eastern Asian countries characterized by philosophies of long-term orientation. Low personal income was associated with high negative affectivity. Gender differences in temperament were largely consistent in direction with prior studies, revealing higher regulatory capacity in females than males and higher surgency in males than females, with these differences becoming more pronounced at later ages.

Published
2024

48. Reduction of Mature B Cells and Immunoglobulins Results in Increased Trabecular Bone

Author

Marie K. Lagerquist, Priti Gupta, Edina Sehic, Karin L. Horkeby, Julia M. Scheffler, Jauquline Nordqvist, Lina Lawenius, Ulrika Islander, Carmen Corciulo, Petra Henning, Hans Carlsten, and Cecilia Engdahl

Subjects
B LYMPHOCYTES, IMMUNOGLOBULIN, OSTEOCLASTS, OSTEOIMMUNOLOGY, TRABECULAR BONE, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

ABSTRACT Inflammation has a significant effect on bone remodeling and can result in bone loss via increased stimulation of osteoclasts. Activated immunoglobulins, especially autoantibodies, can increase osteoclastogenesis and are associated with pathological bone loss. Whether immunoglobulins and mature B lymphocytes are important for general bone architecture has not been completely determined. Here we demonstrate, using a transgenic mouse model, that reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins leads to increased trabecular bone mass compared to wild‐type (WT) littermate controls. This bone effect is associated with a decrease in the number of osteoclasts and reduced bone resorption, despite decreased expression of osteoprotegerin. We also demonstrate that the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins do not prevent bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency or arthritis compared to WT littermate controls. In conclusion, the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins results in disturbed regulation of trabecular bone turnover in healthy conditions but is dispensable for pathological bone loss. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Published
2022
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49. Advancing Phantom Fabrication: Exploring 3D-Printed Solutions for Abdominal Imaging Research.

Author

Becircic, Muris, Delibegovic, Samir, Sehic, Adnan, Julardzija, Fuad, Beganovic, Adnan, Ljuca, Kenana, Pandzic, Adi, and Jusufbegovic, Merim

Subjects
ADIPOSE tissues, MATERIALS testing, THREE-dimensional printing, EPOXY resins, MEDICAL technology
Abstract

Background: The development of novel medical imaging technologies and treatment procedures hinges on the availability of accurate and versatile phantoms. This paper presents a cost-effective approach for creating anthropomorphic abdominal phantoms. Methods: This study proposes a cost-effective method using 3D printing and readily available materials (beeswax, plaster, and epoxy resin) to create high-fidelity anthropomorphic abdominal phantoms. The three-dimensionally printed phantoms exhibited X-ray attenuation properties closely matching those of human tissues, with measured Hounsfield unit (HU) values of −115.41 ± 20.29 HU for fat, 65.61 ± 18.06 HU for muscle, and 510 ± 131.2 HU for bone. These values were compared against patient images and a commercially available phantom, and no statistically significant difference was observed in fat tissue simulation (p = 0.428). Differences were observed for muscle and bone tissues, in which the 3D-printed phantom demonstrated higher HU values compared with patient images (p < 0.001). The 3D-printed phantom's bone simulation was statistically like that of the commercially available phantom (p = 0.063). Conclusion: This method offers a cost-effective, accessible, and customizable alternative for abdominal phantoms. This innovation has the potential to accelerate advancements in abdominal imaging research, leading to improved diagnostic tools and treatment options for patients. These phantoms could be used to develop and test new imaging techniques with high accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Integrating Structured Digital Tools with the Traditional Hands-on Puzzle Method for Teaching Tooth Morphology: A Comparative Study of Educational Outcomes.

Author

Markholm, Caroline Elisabet, Overskott, Helene Lindén, Sehic, Amer, Utheim, Tor Paaske, and Khan, Qalbi

Subjects
DIGITAL learning, DIGITAL video, DENTAL students, COMPARATIVE anatomy, EDUCATIONAL outcomes
Abstract

The study of tooth morphology is a critical component of the dental curriculum, highlighting the importance for dental students to acquire comprehensive and detailed knowledge of the complex structure of teeth. This study compared the educational outcomes of two student cohorts in a tooth morphology course, using traditional methods for the control group and additional digital video-based resources for the experimental group. We hypothesized that early integration of digital resources would significantly reduce the learning time. We retrospectively analyzed two groups of Master of Dentistry students. The control group (42 students) was taught using the traditional 'tooth puzzle' method, while the experimental group (42 students) supplemented traditional teaching with digital video-based tools developed by our department. Both groups' curricula culminated in a practical post-course test requiring the identification of 40 teeth, along with a mid-course test to track the students' learning progression. The number and type of incorrectly identified teeth were recorded. The mid-course test showed significant performance differences. The control group had a median (Q1, Q3) value of faults of 12.0 (7.8, 20.5), whereas the respective value for the experimental group was 4.0 (0.0, 8.0) (p < 0.001). In the control group, none achieved faultless results, with only two students (4.8%) having at most two faults, and six students (14.3%) having no more than four faults. The control group averaged 13.5 faults per student, with 19 students (45.2%) failing the test. Conversely, the experimental group showed improved performance: 12 students (28.6%) had no faults, and 25 students (59.5%) had four or fewer faults. The experimental group averaged 5.2 faults per student, with only four students (9.5%) failing. By the end of the course, both groups achieved commendable results on the practical tooth identification test. The experimental group slightly outperformed the control group, though the difference was not significant. The median (Q1, Q3) values were 0.0 (0.0, 2.5) and 1.0 (0.0, 4.5) for the experimental and control groups, respectively (p = 0.372). The students using both traditional and structured digital video-based tools showed greater learning advancement than those using only the traditional 'tooth puzzle' method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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