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This study aimed to explore the relationship among the Big Five personality traits, emotional intelligence (EIQ), psychological capital (PsyCap), and teacher well-being (TPWB) within the context of higher education. The objective was to predict TPWB in university teachers by utilizing the Big Five personality traits and PsyCap while considering EI as a mediator. Data were collected from 708 teachers in Ethiopian higher education institutions. Participants completed the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS-16), Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI-10), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-12), and Teacher Professional Well-Being Scale (TPWBS). The analysis included reliability tests, correlation analysis, validity assessment, measurement invariance, and serial mediation testing. The findings unveil a significant direct positive effect of Big Five personality traits on EIQ, PsyCap, and TPWB. Furthermore, PsyCap demonstrates a direct positive effect on TPWB. PsyCap fully mediates the relationship between the Big Five personality traits, EIQ, and TPWB, while EIQ partially mediates the relationships between the Big Five personality traits and PsyCap/TPWB, accentuating a serial mediation effect. Moreover, the personality trait of openness to experience positively predicts EIQ, PsyCap, and TPWB. Conscientiousness and agreeableness also positively predict EIQ, while extraversion directly influences PsyCap in a positive manner. However, neuroticism exerts a negative direct impact on EIQ, PsyCap, and TPWB. Additionally, emotional intelligence partially mediates the relationship between the five dimensions of the Big Five personality (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) and TPWB. In conclusion, PsyCap fully mediates the relationship between the Big Five personality traits, EIQ, and TPWB, while EIQ partially mediates the relationships between the Big Five personality traits and PsyCap/TPWB. These findings hold significant implications for enhancing well-being among teachers.

The structural, elastic, electronic, and magnetic properties of the CrCoSi, MnCoSi parent half-Heusler (HH) alloys, and their CrMn[Co.sub.2][Si.sub.2] derivative double half-Heusler (DHH) compound are studied, utilizing the augmented plane wave method, which is based on density functional theory and implemented in the WIEN2k code. The stability of HH structure of the CrCoSi and MnCoSi alloys has been checked for their non-magnetic and ferromagnetic phases, leading to that the latter phase of the type I arrangement is the most stable. The CrMn[Co.sub.2][Si.sub.2] DHH alloy, derivative from the found structural and magnetic ground states of CrCoSi and MnCoSi HH alloys, is constructed and investigated. This DDH as well as its CrCoSi parent HH are found to be resistant to deformation and can be classified as ductile materials, whereas the MnCoSi compound is brittle. By the gradient generalized approximation (GGA), the electronic structures of CrCoSi, MnCoSi, and CrMn[Co.sub.2][Si.sub.2]compounds exhibit a metallic behavior in the spin-up channel and a semiconducting behavior in the spin-dn channel, with band gaps (half-metallic gaps) of 0. 851(0.020), 0.852(0.021), and 0.531(0.002) eV, respectively. The half-metallicity of CrMn[Co.sub.2][Si.sub.2] DHH is retained with smaller (larger) band gap (half-metallic gap) of 0.38(0.106) eV than that of GGA, using GGA + U approximation. In addition, the total magnetic moments are found to be 1, 2, and 3 [[mu].sub.B] for CrCoSi, MnCoSi, and CrMn[Co.sub.2][Si.sub.2], respectively. Therefore, these alloys can be good candidates for spinitronic applications due to their half-metallicity. Key words: half-metal, heusler alloys, spin polarization, mechanical stability, FP-LAPW, 1. Introduction Spin-based electronics has grown into a significant field of study that spans a wide range of high spin-polarized materials, used in spintronic devices. It overcomes the limitations of [...]

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many professions with short-, medium-, and long-term consequences. Hence, this study examined the mediating role of sense of coherence (SOC) and resilience in the relation to COVID-19 stress and teachers’ well-being (TWB). It recruited 836 teachers from Ethiopia’s higher-education institutions, of which 630 (75.4%) were men and 206 (24.6%) were women, with a mean age of 32.81 years and a standard deviation of 6.42. Findings showed that COVID-19 stress negatively predicted SOC, resilience, and TWB and that SOC and resilience positively predicted TWB. It was concluded that SOC and resilience, both together and separately, mediated the relation between COVID-19 stress and TWB. These results were discussed alongside relevant literature, and the study is found to be valuable for practitioners and researchers who seek to improve well-being using SOC and resilience as resources across teaching professions.

Abstract Concentration dependency of phenotypic and genotypic isoniazid-rifampicin resistance emergence was investigated to obtain a mechanistic understanding on how anti-mycobacterial drugs facilitate the emergence of bacterial populations that survive throughout treatment. Using static kill curve experiments, observing two evolution cycles, it was demonstrated that rifampicin resistance was the result of non-specific mechanisms and not associated with accumulation of drug resistance encoding SNPs. Whereas, part of isoniazid resistance could be accounted for by accumulation of specific SNPs, which was concentration dependent. Using a Hollow Fibre Infection Model it was demonstrated that emergence of resistance did not occur at concentration–time profiles mimicking the granuloma. This study showed that disentangling and quantifying concentration dependent emergence of resistance provides an improved rational for drug and dose selection although further work to understand the underlying mechanisms is needed to improve the drug development pipeline.

ABSTRACT Colonization and subsequent health care-associated infection (HCAI) with Acinetobacter baumannii are a concern for vulnerable patient groups within the hospital setting. Outbreaks involving multidrug-resistant strains are associated with increased patient morbidity and mortality and poorer overall outcomes. Reliable molecular typing methods can help to trace transmission routes and manage outbreaks. In addition to methods deployed by reference laboratories, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) may assist by making initial in-house judgments on strain relatedness. However, limited studies on method reproducibility exist for this application. We applied MALDI-TOF MS typing to A. baumannii isolates associated with a nosocomial outbreak and evaluated different methods for data analysis. In addition, we compared MALDI-TOF MS with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as orthogonal methods to further explore their resolution for bacterial strain typing. A related subgroup of isolates consistently clustered separately from the main outbreak group by all investigated methods. This finding, combined with epidemiological data from the outbreak, indicates that these methods identified a separate transmission event unrelated to the main outbreak. However, the MALDI-TOF MS upstream approach introduced measurement variability impacting method reproducibility and limiting its reliability as a standalone typing method. Availability of in-house typing methods with well-characterized sources of measurement uncertainty could assist with rapid and dependable confirmation (or denial) of suspected transmission events. This work highlights some of the steps to be improved before such tools can be fully integrated into routine diagnostic service workflows for strain typing. IMPORTANCE Managing the transmission of antimicrobial resistance necessitates reliable methods for tracking outbreaks. We compared the performance of MALDI-TOF MS with orthogonal approaches for strain typing, including WGS and FTIR, for Acinetobacter baumannii isolates correlated with a health care-associated infection (HCAI) event. Combined with epidemiological data, all methods investigated identified a group of isolates that were temporally and spatially linked to the outbreak, yet potentially attributed to a separate transmission event. This may have implications for guiding infection control strategies during an outbreak. However, the technical reproducibility of MALDI-TOF MS needs to be improved for it to be employed as a standalone typing method, as different stages of the experimental workflow introduced bias influencing interpretation of biomarker peak data. Availability of in-house methods for strain typing of bacteria could improve infection control practices following increased reports of outbreaks of antimicrobial-resistant organisms during the COVID-19 pandemic, related to sessional usage of personal protective equipment (PPE).

Abstract Background and objectives Burn patients are highly susceptible to invasion by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) through post-burn damage. The prevalence of MDR-GNB isolated from burns patients has increased dramatically in the last decade, representing a serious risk to patients admitted to burns units worldwide. The challenges of managing infected burns patients are exacerbated in poor resource settings. This study was designed to develop a pathway for the rapid diagnosis of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections and identify the bacterial genes including bla OXA1, bla TEM, and bla SHV encoding ESBLs and bla OXA48, bla KPC, bla NDM, and bla VIM encoding carbapenemases from the patient of post burns infection. Methods Clinical isolates were collected (August 2017 to August 2018) from Intensive care unit (ICU) of Burn Centre. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and phenotypic detection of ESBLs and carbapenemases was performed by disk diffusion, double disk synergy test (DDST), combination disk test (CDT), and Imipenem + EDTA combined disk test (IMP + EDTA CDT). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection was performed for ESBLs bla OXA1-bla SHV-bla TEM and carbapenemases genes bla OXA48-bla KPC-bla NDM-bla VIM Results In total, of 170 Gram-negative isolates, 104 (61.2%) were confirmed as multidrug-resistant (MDR); Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the most prevalent 43/104 (41.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 17/104 (16.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii12/104 (11.5%), and 6/104 Proteus mirabilis (5.8%). All isolates (100%) were resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, while the meropenem resistance was 58.7%. ESBL and carbapenemase genotypes were found to be associated with higher MAR index (0.65–0.88) and MIC (> 32 µg/ml) values P. aeruginosa was the major ESBL and carbapenemase producer as determined by phenotypic testing and PCR. bla TEM positive isolates among ESBLs producers were predominant 81.8% (27/33), followed by 27.3% bla OXA1 and bla SHV, respectively. bla VIM positive isolates among carbapenemase producers were predominant 47.7% (21/44), followed by 27.3% bla KPC, 20.5% bla OXA48, and 11.4% bla NDM positive isolates. Conclusions The predominant organism causing burn infections was ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There are only limited effective antibiotics against such strains. bla VIM and bla TEM individually and in co-existence with bla KPC, bla OXA48, bla SHV, and bla OXA1 confer antimicrobial resistance in burns patients. Rapid detection of ESBL and carbapenemase genes will inform treatment strategies improving the outcome for post-burn patients in ICU.

Background Methods Results Conclusion A patient with an extensively drug‐resistant (XDR) New Delhi metallo‐β‐lactamase (NDM) and oxacillinase (OXA‐48) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection was awaiting orthotopic liver transplant. There is no standardized antibiotic prophylaxis regimen; however, in line with the Infectious Diseases Society of America guidance, an antibiotic prophylactic regimen of ceftazidime‐avibactam 2.5 g TDS with aztreonam 2 g three times a day (TDS) IV was proposed.The hollow fiber system (HFS) was applied to inform the individualized pharmacodynamic outcome likelihood prior to prophylaxis.A 4‐log reduction in CFU/mL in the first 10 h of the regimen exposure was observed; however, the killing dynamics were slow and six 8‐hourly infusions were required to reduce bacterial cells to below the limit of quantification. Thus, the HFS supported the use of the regimen for infection clearance; however, it highlighted the need for several infusions. Standard local practice is to administer prophylaxis antibiotics at induction of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT); however, the HFS provided data to rationalize earlier dosing. Therefore, the patient was dosed at 24 h prior to their OLT induction and subsequently discharged 8 days after surgery.The HFS provides a dynamic culture solution for informing individualized medicine by testing antibiotic combinations and exposures against the bacterial isolates cultured from the patient's infection. . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores ultrasonic wave propagation in human cancellous bone, treating it as a fluid-saturated elastic medium. The interaction between the structure and fluid during ultrasonic excitation is described using Johnson’s model, modifying Biot’s theory. Biot’s theory predicts fast P1 and slow P2 wave propagation. An analytical transmission coefficient in the frequency domain is derived, accounting for system parameters and excitation frequency. The transmitted signal is calculated by multiplying the incident signal’s spectrum with this coefficient. The study investigates how changing physical and mechanical factors affect the transmission of fast P1 and slow P2 waves through fluid-saturated human cancellous bone, offering insights for medical diagnostics and biomaterial design.

In this work, a comprehensive investigation of the salicylideneaniline derivatives is carried out using density functional theory to determine their linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. Geometry optimizations, for gas and solvent phases, of the tautomers (enol and keto forms) are calculated using B3LYP levels with 6-31G(d,p) basis set. An intramolecular proton transfer, for 1SA-E and 2SA-E, is performed by a PES scan process at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. The optical properties are determined and show that they have extremely high NLO properties. In addition, the RDG analysis, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), and gap energy are calculated. The low energy gap value indicates the possibility of intramolecular charge transfer. The frontier molecular orbital calculations clearly show the inverse relationship of HOMO-LUMO gap with the first-order hyperpolarizability ([beta] = 59.6471 * [10.sup.-30] esu), confirming that the salicylideneaniline derivatives can be used as attractive future NLO materials. Therefore, the reactive sites are predicted using MEP and the visible absorption maxima are analyzed using a theoretical UV-Vis spectrum. Natural bond orbitals are used to investigate the stability, charge delocalization, and intramolecular hydrogen bond. Key words: first hyper polarizability, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, NLO properties, UV-Vis spectrum, tautomers. Nous completons ici une investigation des derives de salicylideneaniline en utilisant la theorie de la fonctionnelle de densite, afin de determiner leurs proprietes optiques lineaires et non lineaires. Nous calculons l'optimisation geometrique des tautomeres (dans les formes eno (eno) et ceto (keto)), pour les phases gazeuse et solute, en utilisant les niveaux B3YLP et l'ensemble de base 6-31G(d,p). Un transfert intramoleculaire, pour 1SA-E et 2SA-E, est verifie par balayage de l'energie potentielle de surface (EPS/PES) au niveau B3LYP/6-3G(d,p). Nous determinons les proprietes optiques des echantillons et montrons qu'elles sont extremement non lineaires. De plus, l'analyse du Gradient de Densite Reduite (GDR/RDG), le potentiel electrostatique moleculaire (PEM/MEP) et le gap d'energie sont aussi evalues. La faible valeur du gap d'energie indique la possibilite d'un transfert de charge intramoleculaire. Le calcul de l'orbitale moleculaire frontiere montre clairement l'inversion du gap HOMO-LUMO avec une hyperpolarisabilite ([beta] = 59.6471 * [10.sup.-30] esu), confirmant que les derives de salicylideneaniline peuvent etre utilises comme d'interessants materiaux en optique non lineaire (ONL/NLO). Par consequent, nous identifions les sites reactifs en utilisant le PEM et les maxima d'absorption dans le visible sont analyses via le spectre theorique UV-Vis. Les orbitales liees localisees (naturelles) sont utilisees pour analyser la stabilite, la delocalisation de charge et le lien hydrogene intramoleculaire. Mots-cles : premiere super polarisabilite, gap d'energie HOMO-LUMO, proprietes d'optique non lineaire, spectre UV-Vis, tautomeres., 1. Introduction Salicylideneaniline derivatives are of great interest due to the formation of O-H ... N (phenol-imine) and O ... H-N (keto-amine) type hydrogen bonds, which result in tautomerization between [...]

This study aims at investigating the effect of second language in third language learning. It focuses on metalinguistic awareness, which reflects the extent to which learners can use their background languages in the process of third and additional language learning. The study gives insights into the issue of metalinguistic awareness by testing the participants’ vocabulary knowledge in learning English as a foreign language. The number of participants in this study is 30; they are all middle school students who have Arabic/Berber as native languages, French as a second language, and English as a third language. Two translation tasks were designed to find out how participants use their background languages in learning English: translating words in the first task and paragraph translation (from English into Arabic) and think-aloud protocols in the second task. Additionally, a semi-structured interview is conducted with 8 participants. The findings reveal how participants possess greater cognitive control in language acquisition due to language relatedness between the foreign languages they learn.

The present work is carried out within the framework of a research project launched within the physical engineering laboratory at the University of Tiaret in Algeria. The objective is to optimize the conditions for producing thin films of pure spinel oxides doped with different metallic elements. Thus, in this part, we prepared thin films of pure CuMn2O4 and doped with Bi and Cd at rates of 6 and 9% by the sol-gel Dip-coating method. The materials obtained exhibit acceptable crystallinity, excellent optical transmittance with bandgap energies of between 1.64 eV and 1.9 eV and good electrical conductivity.