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Introduction: Pediatric liquid medicaments (PLMs) are the most accepted form of medication prescribed for children to treat different infirmities, however, their harmful effects on a child’s dental health are unaware for most of us. The present in vitro study was aimed to evaluate the erosive potential of two commonly used PLM’S on primary teeth and the remineralizing potential of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste on these erosive lesions. Materials and Methods: Forty deciduous teeth were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8) in which group I samples were treated with Meftagesic-P, group II with Kofarest-PD, group III with Meftagesic P + CPP-ACP paste, group IV with Kofarest-PD + CPP-ACP paste, and group V samples were immersed in artificial saliva (control). Photomicrographs were taken at 2000× and 5000× magnification using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: SEM photomicrographs elicited erosive changes in the enamel surface of all the samples in both groups I and II, however, the erosive changes in group II samples were more pronounced. The enamel surface of group III and IV samples that were treated with CPP-ACP after exposure to medicaments showed remineralization of erosed areas. Conclusion: Both the PLMs used in the study showed an erosive effect on the primary enamel surface. The severity of erosion increased with the exposure time. However, the application of CPP-ACP paste following the exposure to PLMs showed noticeable remineralization.

Background Nonnutritive sucking can turn into a continuous behavior practiced unconsciously, leading to a deleterious oral habit. Digit-sucking habits are an important etiological factor for malocclusion. Aim To investigate the effect of the digit-sucking habit on dentofacial structures by employing a cephalometric analysis. Materials and methods Selected 120 children were grouped as 60 with the digit-sucking habit and 60 without the digit-sucking habit in the age ranging between 6 and 12 years without gender discrimination. All were subjected to the standardized cephalometric technique, radiographs were traced by a single operator on a standard matte acetate tracing paper in a darkened room, and a total of 8 linear and 11 angular variables were measured for each patient in both the groups. Statistical analysis The unpaired Student's t-test was used to compare the mean difference between the two groups. Results The digit-sucking group showed significant difference in linear skeletal measurements such as value from anterior nasal spine (ANS) to posterior nasal spine (PNS), condylon to gnathion, nasion to ANS, sella to basion, and angular measurements such as angle between maxillary incisor to cranial plane, mandibular incisors to mandibular plane, sella nasion to point A, sella nasion to point B, and mandibular plane to cranial plane, when compared to the control group. Conclusion Within the confined parameters, digit sucking has led to significant variations in certain dental and skeletal cephalometric measurements. How to cite this article Singh TS, Sridevi E, Sai Sankar AJ, et al. Cephalometric Assessment of Dentoskeletal Characteristics in Children with Digit-sucking Habit. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(3):221-224.

Background: Children consume foods that are colorful which contain food additives that stain not only the tooth structure but also the restorations. As esthetics is of prime concern for both parents and children nowadays, long-term color stability of restorative materials is of utmost importance. Aim: To evaluate the color stability of two tooth-colored restorative materials (conventional glass ionomer cement [GIC] and giomer) when immersed in various consumable drinks and food (aerated beverage, ice candy, and health drink) at different immersion periods (low, moderate, and high). Materials and Methods: A total of 100 specimens were made with each restorative material. Ten were used as a control and remaining (n = 90) as experimental. The experimental specimens were divided into three groups based on media of immersion (n = 30 each) and were further divided into three subgroups based on immersion time (n = 10 each). The color changes (ΔE values) were measured using spectrophotometer. Results: Both the tested materials showed color change; however, conventional GIC showed greater ΔE values when compared to giomer and the samples exposed to aerated beverage resulted in highest color change. It is also noticed that greater the exposure time, higher are the ΔE values. Conclusion: Giomer showed more resistance to color change than conventional GIC with all the tested media and immersion regimes.

Introduction: In the modern era, identification and determination of age is imperative for diversity of reasons that include disputed birth records, premature delivery, legal issues and for validation of birth certificate for school admissions, adoption, marriage, job and immigration. Several growth assessment parameters like bone age, dental age and the combination of both have been applied for different population with variable outcomes. It has been well documented that the chronological age does not necessarily correlate with the maturational status of a child. Hence, efforts were made to determine a child’s developmental age by using dental age (calcification of teeth) and skeletal age (skeletal maturation). Aim: The present study was aimed to correlate the chronological age, dental age and skeletal age in children from Southeastern region of Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: Out of the total 900 screened children, only 100 subjects between age groups of 6-14 years with a mean age of 11.3±2.63 for males and 10.77±2.24 for females were selected for the study. Dental age was calculated by Demirjian method and skeletal age by modified Middle Phalanx of left hand third finger (MP3) method. Pearson's and Spearman's correlation tests were done to estimate the correlation between chronological, dental and skeletal ages among study population. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between chronological age, dental age and all stages of MP3 among males. Similar results were observed in females, except for a non-significant moderate correlation between chronological age and dental age in the H stage of the MP3 region. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed correlation with statistical significance (p

Taurodontism is a relatively rare variance with a very low incidence in primary dentition and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. It stands a challenge when these teeth require pulp therapy. This case report illustrates the oral rehabilitation of multiple primary molars with taurodontism involving both the maxillary and mandibular arches, which is a rare occurrence.

Introduction Tobacco usage in different forms is the single most common etiological factor responsible for oral cancers. The aim of the present study was to record various mucosal lesions associated with tobacco usage and to ascertain the prevalence of dysplasia in them by histopathological evaluation and to compare the extent of dysplastic features seen among patients associated with a habit of smoked and smokeless form of tobacco. Materials and methods Seventy-six patients with the clinical diagnosis of tobacco related lesions (Leukoplakia, Erythroplakia, Nicotina stomatitis, Tobacco pouch keratosis) were selected. A detailed description of the clinical presentation of the lesion was noted and the patients were subjected to incisional biopsy followed by a histopathological evaluation. Results Showed dysplastic changes in 50 cases (65.8%) ranging from mild dysplasia in 27 cases (35.5%), moderate dysplasia in 17 cases (22.4%) and 6 cases (7.9%) showed severe dysplasia. Moderate to severe dysplasia was 1.83 times more likely to occur with smokeless tobacco usage when compared to smoked form. Data obtained from this study reveals that patients with a duration of tobacco usage more than 10 years were 2.17 times more likely to have moderate to severe dysplasia (p = 0.154). Conclusion Thus, the study highlights the role of oral physicians in detecting oral mucosal lesions and screening high-risk patients on a regular basis and also reaffirms the importance of public education, stressing the risk factors for oral cancers. How to cite this article Samatha Y, Sankar AJS, Ganapathy KS, Srinivas K, Ankineedu D, Choudary ALS. Clinicopathologic Evaluation of Lesions associated with Tobacco Usage. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):466-472.

White sponge nevus is a rare, inherited disorder that usually presents as nonpainful white plaque primarily involving the buccal mucosa, gingiva, and palate. Extraoral lesions most often occur in the esophagus or anogenital area, but almost invariably follow the development of typical buccal lesions. This article presents a familial case of white sponge nevus in which oral lesions were found in patients in three generations of the same family. Histologic findings include hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and perinuclear eosinophilic condensation of epithelial cell cytoplasm, which serve to confirm white sponge nevus as the diagnosis. Clinical presentation and histopathology of white sponge nevus are discussed in relation to the differential diagnosis of other oral leukokeratoses.

Recent advances in today's dentistry and the increased awareness among the patients to maintain their dentition have led to conservative treatment approaches, which once would have been opted for removal. In order to carry out the present day mandate, periodontally diseased or carious teeth with involvement of furcation area may be well retained by separation of their roots. This clinical report describes a case of bicuspidization of mandibular first permanent molar with subsequent double crowns restoration, which yielded a satisfactory result in an 11-year-old young female patient.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of pulp stones in a group of the population of Andhra Pradesh. This study also aims to determine the association of pulp stones in different sexes, tooth type, dental arches and sides and with systemic diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 4449 teeth of 2000 patients were examined, comprising of patients with C.V.S. disorders; Type II diabetes mellitus and gastritis were examined. Patients were selected from the radiology department who came for diagnostic radiograph of posterior teeth. The presence or absences of pulp stones were recorded. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis of the data was done using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS 15.0-SPSS Inc., 233 South Waker Drive, 11 th floor, Chicago, IL 60606-6412.) using Chi-square analysis. Differences were considered as significant when P ≤ 0.05. Results: Pulp stones were found in 799 (17.9%) of 4449 teeth detected. Significantly, higher numbers of pulp stones were recorded in patients with systemic diseases. The occurrences of pulp stones were significantly higher in maxillary first and second molars. No significant difference was found between sexes and sides. Conclusions: Positive correlation was found between systemic disorder and occurrence of pulp stones.

Introduction: As the search for a better biocompatible medicament is on, aim of the present study was to evaluate the pulpal response to collagen particles impregnated in antibiotics (Biofil TM -AB) and new commercially available cement (Pulpotec) that can be used as pulpal medicament. Materials and Methods: Total sample of 40 teeth from 20 children in the age group of 7-10 years which are noncarious having bilateral retained primary teeth were enrolled for the study. Nine teeth each were treated with collagen particles (group I) and Pulpotec cement (group II), and the remaining samples were discarded due to various reasons. Both groups were randomly subdivided into three teeth each that were extracted after 7, 15, and 30 days intervals and examined histologically. Results: Moderate to severe inflammatory cells with newly formed blood vessels and disorganized odontoblastic cell layer was observed in group I after all three intervals with dentinal bridge formation in two specimens. On contrary, none of the specimens in group II showed any signs of inflammation, but there was a discontinuity in the odontoblastic layer lining along the dentin walls. Conclusion: Both materials were proven to be promising alternatives as pulp medicaments. However, collagen was found to be a better material.