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Saline and drought conditions are the biggest threats to plant species around the world. The rice crop is one of the most important crops worldwide. Therefore, the Giza 179 rice variety was released in the 2013 season as an earlymaturing, high-yielding variety that is adapted and mitigated to drought and saline soils. This new variety was produced by crossbreeding between GZ6296-12-1-2-1-1 and GZ 1368-5-S-4 in the 2001 season. The first generation, "F1," of this cross was evaluated in the 2002 season and planted as the F2 generation in the 2003 season. Sequentially, the next generations from F3 to F6 were evaluated in the pedigree trails during the 2004-2007 seasons under code number GZ 9057. Two promising sister lines, GZ 9057-6-1-3-1 and GZ 9057-6-1-3-2, were selected and evaluated in a preliminary yield trail at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The results revealed that the promising line GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 (Giza 179) surpassed all selected lines. Accordingly, the line GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 was evaluated from 2009 to 2011 and used as a check variety up to the 2022 seasons in multi-location yield trails at Sakha, Gemmiza, and Zarzoura as normal conditions and El-Sirw as saline conditions in regional, final, and verification yield trails. The GZ 9057-6-1-3-2 (Giza 179) recorded 10.47 t/ha for grain yield with a total duration of 122-125 days under normal conditions and 7.000-7.200 t/ha under saline conditions at El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, while Giza 178 recorded 9.75 t/ha during the same seasons under normal conditions with a total duration of 135 days. Furthermore, the Giza 179 variety showed a high level of blast resistance in blast nursery and trap varieties in the field and artificial inoculation under greenhouse conditions. The results from PCR analysis for the Giza 179 with their parents showed that the proximity matrix was 89.8% between Giza 179 and GZ6296 and 71.1% between Giza 179 and GZ1368. Finally, it is an excellent new cultivar to be released and recommended for cultivation in the different rice-growing governorates, particularly in areas suffering from water shortages and saline soils in Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is one of the biggest threats to plant species around the world. As one of the most important crops worldwide, rice is an awfully climate-sensitive agro-ecosystem. Therefore, Giza 183 will be released in 2023 as a high-yielding variety that has been adapted to mitigate climate change. This new variety is the product of cross-breeding between Giza 178 and SKC 23893 in 2010. The first generation, "F1," of this cross was evaluated in 2011 and planted as the F2 generation in 2012. Sequentially, the next generations from F3 to F6 were evaluated in the pedigree trails from 2013 to 2016, under cross number "GZ 10848." Five promising sister lines of GZ 10848 were selected and evaluated in the preliminary yield trail (GZ 10848-1-2-2-1, GZ 10848-1-2-2-2, GZ 10848-1-2-4-5, GZ 10848-1-2-5-3, and GZ 10848-1-2-5-6). The results revealed that the promising line GZ 10848-1-2-2-1 "Giza 183" surpassed all selected lines. Accordingly, Giza 183 was evaluated from 2017 to 2022 in multi-location yield trails at Sakha, Gemmiza, and Zarzoura as normal conditions and El-Sirw as saline conditions, as well as in regional, final, and verification yield trails. The evaluation resulted in a significant superiority of the yield of Giza 183 over Giza 178, with shorter growth duration and blast resistance. The new variety grain yield recorded 10.88, 10.47, 11.30, 10.60, and 10.70 t/ha during the 2017 to 2022 seasons under normal conditions, respectively, with a total duration of 122 days. while the grain yield for Giza 178 was recoded at 10.50, 10.54, 9.90, 10.00, 9.80, and 10.30 t/ha during the same seasons and conditions, with a total duration of 135 days. Furthermore, Giza 183 exhibited a higher yield than Giza 178 as a salt tolerance check variety at a rate of 0.800-0.160 t/ha under saline conditions at El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station in different years of evaluation. Giza 183 showed a high level of blast resistance in blast nursery and trap varieties in the field and artificial inoculation under greenhouse conditions. Finally, the new rice variety Giza 183 is resistant to stem borer and has high grain quality traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In vitro fertilization (IVF) has been considered one of the greatest improvements in livestock science and production. Epididymal spermatozoon is a valuable gamete source obtained from slaughtered animals, and it has great importance in livestock IVF. This study aimed to create caprine embryos in Baghdad using local Iraqi goats. Ovaries were obtained from 50 female local goats at the Al-shu'alah abattoir. The ovaries were transported to the laboratory in physiological saline solution at 38°C. After oocyte recovery from the mature antral follicle, the oocytes with grades A or B were used for in vitro maturation (IVM). Moreover, 10 testicles were obtained from slaughtered adult goats, and the sperm was recovered from the caudal epididymis. All the stage-specific culture mediums were incubated at 39°C with 5% CO2 and 90% relative humidity. In this study, embryonic development on a 24-h basis was evaluated and in vitro culture media was replaced 50% of the volume every day for nine days with fresh media until an enlarged or hatched blastocyst appeared. The recorded data showed that the mean size of the large follicles was 6.23±1.34 mm, while the small follicles were in the mean size of 3.10±0.62. On the other hand, the results showed a significant increase in the oocyte recovery rate from the large size follicle (81.22%), compared to the small size follicle (62.67%). The recorded data showed that the total number of retrieved oocytes with grades A and B was 290 (79.5%) (Table 1). The recorded data showed that 50.1% of these oocyte cohorts had reached metaphase II (145/290). Furthermore, 45.45% of the recovered oocytes by aspiration from large follicles were developed to the blastocyst stage, compared to 25% of recovered oocytes from the small follicles reaching the same developmental stage (blastocyst). On the other hand, the recorded data showed that the oocyte recovery method had a great influence on the oocyte competence regardless of the follicle size. The results revealed that the number of recovered oocytes by aspiration was greater than slicing. In conclusion, the results approved that the slicing method could be considered a safe and more efficient method in oocyte recovery from the slaughtered animals, compared to the aspiration method. On the other hand, according to the findings, the epididymal spermatozoa from local Iraqi goats are a reliable source of oocytes for IVF and in vitro conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The potential energy has been calculated for the 42 lowest electronic states of symmetries Ω=1/2,3/2,5/2, for the molecular ion RbH+. Using an ab initio method, the calculation is based on nonempirical pseudopotentials and parametrized ℓ-dependent polarization potentials. Gaussian basis sets have been used for both atoms, and spin-orbit effects have been taken into account. The spectroscopic constants for 19 electronic states have been calculated by fitting the calculated energy values to a polynomial in terms of the internuclear distance r. The permanent dipole moment and the transition dipole moments have been calculated for the considered Ω states. Through the canonical functions approach the eigenvalue Ev, the abscissas of the corresponding turning points (rmin and rmax) and the rotational constants Bv have been calculated. The comparison of the present results with those available in literature shows a very good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]