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The history of environmental standards, the emergence of environmental architectural and construction design in Russia and the forerunners of environmental certification systems in construction are studied. Historical material is analysed and data is systematised chronologically. Development stages of ecological architectural and construction design in our country are highlighted, their main features are given: Stage 1 (late 17th – mid 20th centuries) — the history of the formation of environmental requirements for the conservation of natural resources and the creation of a comfortable environment for life in urban areas; Stage 2 (mid XXth – early XXIth centuries) — the formation of environmental legislation, the opening of the first Russian Green Building councils, the adaptation of international environmental standards in construction to Russian realities; Stage 3 (the beginning of the XXIth century – the present) — the creation of sustainable requirements in the Russian Federation, increasing the viability of the architectural and construction environment, the introduction of a number of Russian environmental standards in construction, the formation of a national Tech-nical Committee 366 to develop national standards to GOST R series on green construction and promoting green standardization at the national and international levels with the introduction of new green technologies, materials and products for a comfortable living environment. Today in Russia, a new architectural and construction environment is emerging, aimed at saving resources, preserving health, energy conservation, reducing waste, safety, comfort, preserving biodiversity and creating holistic conditions. To intensify the development of this area, it is necessary to introduce new environmental standards for the design of sustainable space in Russian cities, using best world practice.

A new trend combining the concept of "green" buildings with the idea of preserving and strengthening peoples’ health in order to eliminate sick building syndrome and building related illnesses has been observed worldwide. The COVID – 19 pandemic consequences outlined the necessity of updating the regulatory framework considering health preserving built environment principles in order to create sustainable and comfortable living environments. Indoor air quality directly correlates with human health: exposure to polluted air increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, myocardial ischemia, angina pectoris, hypertension and heart disease. It is known that indoor air quality depends not only on ambient air quality, but also on indoor sources of chemical and biological pollutants. Existing regulatory framework does not cover the civil buildings indoor sources of air pollution topic. This article discusses the terms of the Russian national technical and hygienic standards concerning the indoor air quality. A comparative analysis of the Russian Federation regulatory framework that refers the civil buildings indoor air quality with international "green" standards was carried out. Based on the analysis, the necessity to update the Russian regulatory framework is highlighted. © 2021, ASV Publishing House. All rights reserved.

Green roofs can increase the energy efficiency of the coating by lowering the temperature of the roof in the summer, and in winter - by possibly increasing the overall resistance to heat transfer of the coating. In addition, they reduce the volume and intensity of runoff due to the moisture saturation of the substrate and the processes of total evaporation, improve the microclimate of the urban area: increase air humidity, soften the effect of the urban heat island, reduce noise pollution, significantly reduce the volume and density of dust massesin densely built-up areas of large megacities. Experimental and analytical researches are needed to create a methodology for scientific justification of the ecological efficiency of the green roof design and the district model, to confirm the need and possibility making of a green roof in the II climatic zone of Russia, taking into account the temperature difference (up to 50 °C) in summer and winter seasons.

Global warming is real, and the healthcare industry is both a contributor and a victim. Also, physical setting and, in particular, sustainable design practices can support patient recovery during hospitalization. In the context of this paper, focus areas for design of green healthcare structures have been explored in detail. Herein, we are laying focus on understanding architecturally justified approaches of interior lighting in a healthcare setting. This paper also discusses design strategies to improve indoor air quality in hospitals and the current international research to improve indoor air quality are reported. Other focus areas like greenhouse keeping, use of green interior materials and landscaping are discussed. Data for the review was extracted from published books and diverse online sources with the help of the Google search engine. It was found that healthcare structures, being resource intensive establishments, consume vast amounts of energy, water, and construction materials to provide high quality care. It was also found that healthcare institutions, by adopting sustainable measures are capable of reducing their environmental footprint to a bigger extent, boost the wellbeing of healthcare staff and aid patient recovery.

It is statistically proven that a person on average spends about 90% of the time indoors. Therefore, it is not surprising that more and more scientific studies demonstrate that the design, construction and operation of buildings directly affect health. Air, microclimate, water, light, decoration materials - have a powerful effect on both the physical and mental state of people. No company striving for economic growth can ignore the problems arising from the incorrect organization of the workspace, since the internal environment of the premises determines the health of employees, and ultimately the productivity of employees and the company's profit.

Residential sector in Russia makes up a significant part in the total energy demand of the country. The article demonstrates sensible energy saving potential in case of a single-family house in different climate conditions of the Russian Federation. Modern tools of building energy performance simulation and renewable energy modeling demonstrated a significant effect of the complex energy efficiency technologies, such as using of modern highly insulated constructional materials, installation of efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, and implementation of sustainable energy. Annual energy use dramatically declines in comparing with buildings built according to outdated technologies. In particular, the use of photovoltaic modules can meet more than half of the building's energy demand and ensure the autonomy of a building during the warm season. These values differ depending on the location due to the large territory and diverse climatic conditions from the Mediterranean in the south to the Arctic ones in the north.

The paper analyzes the connection diagrams and operation of buildings heat supply systems, taking into account the impact of changing weather and climate influences during the heating season. High-quality central heat consumption control was carried out, at which the heating carrier flow rate was maintained at a constant level, and its temperature varied according to a predetermined schedule. Thermal characteristics or mode of operation of the building differed from the data set in the schedule, as a result, more heat was consumed in certain periods. Its overrun was also observed during the warm period of the heating season, when, due to the maintenance of the hot water temperature at the right level on the outlet from the water-heaters, the heating carrier from the source was supplied with a temperature exceeding the established norms. The results of field tests and the diagrams of heat supply for heating at the heat supply operation in central heating points are presented. The main accent is made on the study of multi-circuit heating systems with frontal control of heat supply.

Metropolis cities like Moscow, have a very important part in social and economic growth of countries like Russia for example. But neglecting environmental resources and the impact on climate change have become a serious challenge for realization of the contribution which those big cities can make on economic development of the countries. This article contains a technical suggestions how to reduce the negative environmental consequences of the daily life of the megalopolis, new technological methods of urban planning and landscape architecture are being implemented all over the world. This article considers the new environmental methods and best foreign practices for the transition towards sustainable cities. Further described the possibility of using innovative technology of green roofs especially for Moscow region. The article is considering green roofs as a very effective mechanism for reducing the heat island effect and for “precipitation management”. This article gives a short overview of the European expertise of using green roofs for climate-change-adaptation measure and gives recommendations to Russian environmental policies.

The article presents special characteristics of mathematical modeling of the process control a resource efficient heat supply system of industrial buildings and facilities, where constant temperature maintenance is especially critical for the process. A functional diagram of the operation of the continuous heat supply process is provided. The dependence of temperature at the point of heat-transfer fluid mixing on environmental is analyzed and control system operation algorithm is proposed.

The article describes the first official meetings between the leaders of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, BRE Global Limited and the Russian Green Building Council in Moscow on the topic of the localization of the Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) to for the Russian Federation. It outlines the main steps taken and the actions to be undertaken of the parties to those proposed activities. Then a brief overview is provided of the main aims of the partners’ organisations, their positions in the countries and their purposes. The main part of the article summarises the benefits of an international “green” standard. There is an introduction to the National Scheme Operators, the processes involved in the BREEAM schemes and the role assessors play. The main intention for the article is to show the potential for synergy when connecting the country’s largest organisations involved in sustainable construction.

With the increasing awareness of sustainable development in the Russian construction industry, implementation of an energy rating procedure to assess buildings is becoming more important. The most representative building environment assessment schemes that are in use today are Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). This paper aims to focus on the investigation of energy performance assessment for new buildings including the Russian experience within the BREEAM and LEED schemes. A review of the two schemes with regards to their assessment methods, scopes, performance criteria and energy rating scales are presented. Through this study, an attempt is made to make clear how building energy performance is assessed and therefore awarded with energy credits under the international schemes and to form a good basis for future development of a generic energy assessment framework of Russian Federation.

The article is devoted to the introduction of valuation criteria of ecology friendliness, energy efficiency, resource conservation, especially in public procurement, and construction of public facilities into the Russian practice. It focuses on the following three issues: where to obtain the money for the development of "green" energy; how to use the evaluation of life-cycle cost in order to measure the economic effect of investment in green building; which legislative initiatives are required for the development of “the federal contract system” and improvement of environmental literacy.

The article considers the challenges of designing sustainable landscape architectural projects in Russian cities such as high-raised linear parks and green roofs. Sustainable landscape projects create great and green cities where the built and the natural environments are interwoven. Sometimes creating green spaces is considered as a great challenge, particularly in the big and dense cities, where there is pressure for space and green development is very limited. In this case high-raised parks and green roofs could be the only solution.

The main focus at this article on BREEAM Community scheme which planning of large-scale developments taking into account the use of former industrial areas. Construction on such lands of new modern areas is beneficial for both the developer and the city. In this case, it is ideally possible to show the use of “green” technologies and standards with aim of increasing the environmental situation of the areas, the creation of reactionary zones. The article describes three steps involved in the assessment of sustainability at the masterplanning level and five assessment categories which are considered through appropriate criteria. Was made a diagram of division into types of reconstructed objects and their inherent functions after reconstruction. Considered an example of Renovation of former industrial areas by BREEAM at King’s Cross in London.

The authors demonstrate that the number of buildings in the world exceeds one billion according to the statistical data; their potential negative impact on the environment can be disastrous; moreover, the main cause of the ever-growing demand for buildings consists in the constant growth of the world population that makes the global environmental situation even more complicated. As a main conception, the authors focus on the concept of sustainable development. They consider that the core idea of this concept is that the present-day generation should do everything in their power to preserve the natural environment and its resources for the future generations. The authors mention that back in the middle of the 20th century academician V.I. Vernadsky formulated the concept of the noosphere closely linked to the notion of sustainable development. According to the authors, "green" construction can be considered as a vehicle for sustainable development of territories that accommodate construction sites. The authors define "green" construction as a comprehensive system of knowledge structured on the basis of design and construction standards. "Green" buildings demonstrate their high construction quality along with minimal costs and maximal comfort. Although a "green" technology is a new and not the simplest way of development, it has proven its incredible efficiency. The major achievement of the authors consists in the classification of principles, approaches and available technologies that can be applied or are applied in the "green" construction to ensure the environmental safety of construction activities. The authors have also selected environmental, economic and social benefits of "green" construction and provided their recommendations concerning the implementation of "green" technologies in Russia.

The authors analyze the problem of implementation of principles of "green construction" in the Russian Federation. Despite the availability of the appropriate legislation in the field of environmental safety of construction, there are no legal, social, or economic incentives that may boost development of "green" technologies. Until recently, fundamentals of the state policy in the field of environmental protection of real estate development have not succeeded in motivating market players to implement advanced green technologies. However, recently, the government has begun motivating the construction industry towards the use of "green" technologies. The first activity is aimed at improving the legislation and updating the international voluntary certification according to BREAM and LEED standards. The result is the acceptance of the National Green Building Standard for real estate valuation that will open up new opportunities and prospects to the participants of the construction market. However, at the initial phase of implementation of "Fundamentals of the State Policy in the Field of Environmental Development of the Russian Federation", government authorities should provide their support to proponents of green buildings, including financial inflows.

The article describes the structure and field of standardization ISO / TC 205 “Building environment design”, provides examples of green building technologies. The main purpose of the article is to show the interaction between international ISO / TC 205 “Building environment design” and created in Russia in 2016 the Technical Committee of Standardization № 366 “Green technology of the build environment and green innovative products”. Both of these technical committees promote green building technologies for environment design, thereby deal with the negative impact on the environment and the reasons of global warming. Instead of buildings that attempt to suppress and overcome nature, why not design buildings that integrate with the environment, on every possible level? The international standardization work which ISO/TC 205 “Building environment design” performs seeks, in addition to lowering trade barriers for engineering design, to promote and facilitate the design of high performance buildings: higher performing as economic assets for their owners, higher performing as buildings that provide amenable indoor environment for their occupants, and higher performing with respect to resource utilization and environmental impact.