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This study aimed to explore the impact of different dimensions of communication skills, namely competence (COMP), self-esteem (SELF), social communication challenge (SCC), and listening-speaking (LI-S) on the utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) for student support (SS) and instructional design (ID). This study implemented inferential statistical methods to explore the impact of different dimensions of communication skills on the utilization of ICT among pre-service teachers. A sample of 324 pre-service teachers from Kazan Federal University was examined, utilizing validated scales adapted to the Russian context, with data analyzed using structural equation modeling to identify complex relationships between variables and to ascertain potential differences according to gender and department. The results demonstrated a significant positive relationship between participants' perceived COMP in communication skills and their information and communication technology competencies (ICTCs), both in SS and ID. This suggests the need for targeted training to enhance educators' communication competencies for optimal ICT utilization. Conversely, SELF and LI-S communication skills did not significantly influence ICTCs, indicating that these elements do not necessarily result in more effective ICT use in educational contexts. However, handling SCCs was positively associated with ICTCs in ID but not for SS, indicating a nuanced relationship between different communication skills and areas of ICT utilization. The study findings provide implications for professional development programs and underline the importance of certain dimensions of communication skills in leveraging ICT in education. Further research is recommended to verify these findings across different populations and educational settings.

Проникновение в Башкирию таких родоплеменных групп, как хакас, киргиз, ун, сарыг, ас, а также табын, относится к IX–X вв. и связано с экспансией хакасов (кыргызов) в западном направлении, в эпоху так называемого «кыргызского великодержавия». Важные сведения для реконструкции ареала расселения башкир и кыргызов содержатся в работах средневековых восточных (арабских, персидских) географов и историков. Во времена Чингиз-хана, как это отражено в «Кысса-и Чингиз-хан», кыргызы давно были частью башкирского народа, составляя самостоятельный Кыргызский улус (аймаҡ, иләү). После принятия башкирами московского (российского) подданства в середине XVI в. традиция автономного политико-правового статуса башкир была сохранена. Большая часть башкирских родов официально (юридически) закрепили за собой занимаемые ими земли – коллективное право родов (вотчинное право). Результаты генетических исследований помогают уточнить версии происхождения и пути миграции предков родового объединения Кыргыз в составе башкир, уточнить вопросы о генетической близости протестированных представителей ряда башкирских и кыргызских родов (кланов). Целый ряд иных родовых групп башкир имеют относительно близкое генетическое родство с кыргызскими родами (а также ряда казахских родов) по Y-хромосоме на различных родственных субкладах Ү-хромосомной гаплогруппы R1a. Особый интерес представляет обнаруженная генетическая близость протестированных представителей башкирского рода Кошсо и кыргызского Кушчи из Таласской области Кыргызстана.

The creation of conditions for the rational and multipurpose use of forests has become an urgent task within the forest industry. There is an active search for opportunities to use bio-oil derived from wood waste obtained through fast ablative pyrolysis. Bio-oil has a rich chemical composition, making it relevant to isolate individual chemical components from it. The main objective of this work was to investigate a method for extracting the phenolic fraction from the pyrolysis fluid of wood waste and to obtain and study samples of side fractions obtained during phenolic extraction. This paper describes a method for the fractionation of wood waste pyrolysis fluid based on a multi-stage complex process, including vacuum distillation, liquid-liquid extraction, and acidalkali precipitation. A detailed description and scheme of the processes are presented in the paper. The properties and chemical compositions of the obtained fractions were investigated. In the fractionation process, a phenolic fraction containing at least 60.38% of phenolic compounds was isolated. The first stage of the separation produces a fraction with a high content of acetic acid, while the third stage leads to the separation of a fraction containing sugars. Additionally, a fraction containing up to 22% furfural is formed. The fractions obtained at each separation step have both scientific and commercial potential, in addition to the target phenolic fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper introduces a new approach to solving the problem of optimization of dynamic systems «pump+pipe network». In the article the volume of fluid admitted through each pipe in a given time is called the state of pumping. These volumes are taken as basic time-dependent functions describing injection. The system of functions defines an imaginary line – the trajectory of injection in the space, set by the planned volumes of injection through each pipeline. Regulation of flow in the pipelines by any devices, which create local hydrodynamic resistance, allows obtaining different trajectories. The impact of control devices is estimated by the openness coefficient of a pipeline or flow, defined as the ratio of flow in partially blocked pipeline to the flow in the fully open pipeline. The paper considers two options of injection, which demonstrated that different trajectories could meet its own energy consumption. The authors have analyzed the value, equal to the ratio of the pressure produced by the pump to the efficiency corresponding to this pressure, used in quantitative research and assessment of pump operation. It is shown that with increasing pressure or with decreasing feed the given value grows. Since the required pump energy depends on the shape of the trajectory, the energy becomes a functional. To find the minimums of this functional the variational methods are used. This is the way for finding extremal trajectory, where energy and time cost is minimal. A trajectory describing the optimal injection mode is a straight-line segment in an injection space, the ends of which correspond to the initial and final states of injection. To implement this process, the authors proposed the algorithm to determine which pipeline should be partly blocked, and calculate a measure of blocking, considering control device as the device that sets the local resistance coefficient. The main aim of the research was to determine the optimal way of pumping into two pipelines, in which the pump and the pipeline network are considered as a single interconnected system. Objects: pumps used to maintain reservoir pressure, two pipelines equipped with devices for controlling fluid flow. Methods: method for finding the optimal regime – calculus of variations. Results. Pump operation requires the least amount of energy and time, if the filling of the set volumes occurs simultaneously. The paper introduces the algorithm for determining the degree of blocking the pipelines for pumping in two pipelines.

The paper contains a comparative analysis of legal instruments used in the Russian legislation and in the legislation of other countries (Germany, Great Britain, USA, Japan) to protect (prevent violations, restore) human rights violated during the study of human genome. It was concluded that the existence of a comprehensive system of legal means for the protection and restoration of human rights violated during the study of human genome, is an incentive for the development of genomic research. In this regard, in Russia it is necessary to amend civil acts, Information, Criminal and Administrative Law in order to establish the peculiarities of the compensation for harm to human rights violations when studying human genome, special (different from the general) procedure for obtaining voluntary informed consent for genomic research, as well as special offences and administrative offenses committed during the study of the human genome.

Purpose. To determine the long-term status of the corneal endothelium after anterior radial keratotomy. Patients and methods. The main group consisted of 69 patients (104 eyes) who underwent radial or radial-tangential keratotomy to correct myopia and myopic astigmatism an average of 23,1±2,8 years ago (range 16 to 30 years). The average age of patients was 53,8±5,7 years (range 39 to 65 years). The number of keratotomy scars ranged from 4 to 14. Repeated keratotomy was performed on 8 eyes. The control group consisted of 56 patients (110 eyes) aged from 39 to 64 years(average 54,2±4,3 years) with refractive-axial myopia from medium to high stage, whom potentially could be done anterior keratotomy in the 90th of the last century. Patients with concomitant pathology and ocular trauma that could lead to loss ofendothelial cells were excluded from both groups. Corneal endothelium cell densit y, polimegatizm, pleomorphism in addition to standard eye examination were performed to all patients with the help of contactless endothelial microscope «EM-3000» company Tomey (Japan). Results. In the control group endothelial cell densit y averaged 2734,8±121,2 cells /mm2, in the main group — 2134,2±299,1 cells/mm2 (p

Antibacterial drugs as many other drugs have side effects, one of which is antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). In addition to light idiopathic forms the practicing clinicians faces AAD grave forms. The major causative agent of grave forms is bacterium Clostridium difficile. Clostridium-induced diarrhea is inclined to recurrences. In addition to etiotropic therapy of Clostridium infection probiotics are effective drugs for prevention and therapy of AAD.

Relevance. In the Russian Federation rod screw pumps installations are widely used in the Ural-Volga region and first of all in the Republic of Tatarstan as they allow extracting reservoir liquid of the increased viscosity with the content of mechanical impurity and gas. The main aim of the research is to determine the effect of complicating factors, such as the presence of mechanical impurities, increased viscosity, water cut of formation fluid, on operational efficiency of rod screw pumps; determine the regularities in reducing the operating time of the rod column and the elastomer of the pump. Objects. The main number of rod screw pumps is in wells, which have opened the layers of the Bashkirian stage and the Verean horizon. They are distinguished by high viscosity of oil and presence of water-oil emulsion. The analysis of the chemical properties of oil samples from 188 wells in Sheshmaoyl, Kondurchaneft and Ideoloyl, operated by rod screw pumps, showed that the average viscosity of oil wells is 610 mPas. At the same time, a significant proportion falls on the wells producing reservoir fluid with a viscosity of more than 500 mPass. Methods. The accumulated volume of operational data on Bashkirian and Vereisk horizon wells equipped with rod screw pumps allows determining the operating time of the rod pumps reduction with an increase in viscosity of the fluid caused by a significant growth in hydraulic resistance to rotary motion of the rod string. The carried out statistical analysis of the rod screw pumps repair determined the regularity of wearout degree of the elastomer depending on a number of accumulated rotor speed, water content, content of mechanical impurities in the produced fluid, saturation pressure, fluid level in the well and with favorable conditions. Results. We defined the main complicating factors which influence the efficiency of rod pump operation. The analysis of the rod screw pumps repair causes shown that low quality of polished rods produced by the manufacturer, rod deviation from geometric parameters of different structures, hardness, chemical composition of rods (factory defect) are often the causes of breaks. Open threaded rod or polished rod was primarily due to insufficient torque screwing the threaded connection or a bend in the rod head. The breackage of polished rods mainly occur in the oil seal and due to fatigue voltage. The fatigue fracture occurs as a result of permanent deformation forces and temperature action. One of the main causes of the elastomer swelling is the maintenance with pressure at the reception of rod screw pumps below the saturation pressure. It leads to saturation of elastomer material with gases and rotor jamming in the stator which can turn into breakages of the rod string and polished rod.

Current approach to the problem of liver cirrhosis and management of patients is described. Basic pharmacological groups and drugs used in the treatment of patients with liver cirrhosis are characterized. The focus is on the relevance of competent selection of medicines for the treatment of comorbid diseases in patients with liver cirrhosis. Conclusion: at the stage of cirrhosis, symptomatic treatment approach - a timely and proper management of the symptoms and complications of liver cirrhosis - could extend patient's life and improve its quality.

This study aimed to explore the impact of different dimensions of communication skills, namely competence (COMP), self-esteem (SELF), social communication challenge (SCC), and listening-speaking (LI-S) on the utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) for student support (SS) and instructional design (ID). This study implemented inferential statistical methods to explore the impact of different dimensions of communication skills on the utilization of ICT among pre-service teachers. A sample of 324 pre-service teachers from Kazan Federal University was examined, utilizing validated scales adapted to the Russian context, with data analyzed using structural equation modeling to identify complex relationships between variables and to ascertain potential differences according to gender and department. The results demonstrated a significant positive relationship between participants' perceived COMP in communication skills and their information and communication technology competencies (ICTCs), both in SS and ID. This suggests the need for targeted training to enhance educators' communication competencies for optimal ICT utilization. Conversely, SELF and LI-S communication skills did not significantly influence ICTCs, indicating that these elements do not necessarily result in more effective ICT use in educational contexts. However, handling SCCs was positively associated with ICTCs in ID but not for SS, indicating a nuanced relationship between different communication skills and areas of ICT utilization. The study findings provide implications for professional development programs and underline the importance of certain dimensions of communication skills in leveraging ICT in education. Further research is recommended to verify these findings across different populations and educational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a method for fractionating and separating phenolic compounds from liquid pyrolysis products of lignocellulosic biomass by a three-stage method, in which up to 30% of phenolic compounds can be extracted. The composition of the phenol-substituting fraction was analyzed by the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS) method. The isolated phenolic compounds were used in the synthesis of phenol–formaldehyde resins as a phenol-substituting fraction, with the replacement of 40% of the synthetic phenol in the recipe. Various molar ratios of phenol/formaldehyde and phenol/sodium hydroxide in the resin synthesis recipe were considered, as well as their influence on the strength of the adhesive joint and the proportion of free formaldehyde in the finished modified resin. The results of the studies showed that the optimal molar ratio of phenol/formaldehyde is 1:1.98, with a tensile strength of 1.63 MPa and a free formaldehyde fraction of 0.10% in the resin. The phenol/sodium hydroxide molar ratios considered in this paper did not show an optimal molar ratio, but a tendency to reduce the free formaldehyde content in the resin with a decrease in the introduction of an alkaline catalyst into the resin recipe was revealed, while the strength of the adhesive joint remains normal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To improve the quality of eradication therapy (ET), by increasing patient compliance/MATERIAL AND METHODS: An open-label cohort multicenter randomized study was conducted. A total of 350 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection-associated diseases and indications for ET were examined. Work was done to improve compliance in a study patient group before treatment/RESULTS: In the study group of patients motivated for treatment, the efficiency of ET was significantly higher than in the control group. The factors influencing treatment adherence were identified and methods to optimize compliance during H. pylori eradication were developed/CONCLUSION: Awareness of the essence of the disease in a patient and his higher motivation for compliance are one of the components of successful H. pylori eradication.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) were successfully used for the treatment of acid-base disorders, in particular GERD, for the past 20 years. However, approximately 30% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) do not adequately respond to standard PPI therapy due to the impact of many factors: patient-specific PPI metabolism in the liver, concomitant pathology of the digestive system, pharmacokinetic properties of traditional dosage forms of PPI. Persistence of GERD symptoms is particularly explained by the fact that the use of conventional single release PPI does not allow to fully control the cyrcadian rhythm of gastric secretion and should be taken twice a day before a meal, which has a negative effect on adherence. Thanks to dual delayed-release and longer presence in blood, dexlansoprazole MR showed high efficacy in the treatment and maintaining remission of various forms of GERD, as well as greater adherence to treatment.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of the enterokinetic prucalopride (resolor) in patients with chronic constipation. Subjects. The effect of treatment with prucalopride (resolor) in 109 patients with chronic constipation was analyzed/RESULTS: The effect was noted in 82% of the patients; 61 patients were fully satisfied with treatmen/RESULTS: Among the adverse reactions, headache that was particularly significant on the first days of use, diarrhea, and cramping abdominal pain were reported by 35, 17, and 13% of the included patients, respectively. The authors' experience with prucalopride demonstrated that the patients with chronic constipation displayed the good efficacy of the drug in both the frequency of stool and the elimination of all other constipation symptoms (straining effort, incomplete bowel emptying sensation, solid stool, bloating), and its good tolerability/CONCLUSION: Prucalopride (resolor) exerts a predictable effect, can extend a physician's capacity to arrest chronic constipation, and, when the drug is used, requires no long-term dose adjustment.

Approbation of calculation of borders of water quality classes for the purpose of ecological diagnosis and standardization by data of the Rybinsk reservoir is carried out. For bioindication indicators of phytoplankton fluorescence and the contents of pigments of phytoplankton are used. Chesnokov's importance coefficient proved to be the most preferred measure of connection for analyzing the effects of environmental factors on indicators. The factors important for environmental condition are identified. Comparison of borders between quality classes "valid" and "invalid" of factors values and boundaries of the classifications of water quality.

Based on contents of phytoplankton pigments, fluorescence samples and some physico-chemical characteristics of the Rybinsk reservoir waters, searching for connections between biological and physicalchemical characteristics is working out. The methods of describing of connections between qualitative classes of characteristics, based on forecast of quality values of one characteristics by quality values of another one, are studied. The borders of quality classes of studied characteristics are found.

Based on contents of phytoplankton pigments, fluorescence samples and some physico-chemical characteristics of the Rybinsk reservoir waters, searching for connections between biological and physicalchemical characteristics is working out. The standard methods of statistical analysis (correlation, regression), methods of description of connection between qualitative classes of characteristics, based on deviation of the studied characteristics distribution from independent distribution, are studied. A method of searching for boundaries of quality classes by criterion of maximum connection coefficient is offered.