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Handball is a sports game that allows direct contact with opposing players, it is a sport whose basic motor quality is strength, and nowadays the practice of performance handball implies a great willingness to act as a consequence of aspects such as the fact that the actions are not standardized but are very dynamic and determine the athlete to develop a capacity for anticipation of both the teammate, and of the opponent. Trauma to the shoulder joint in high-performance handball players is based on mistakes in practicing this sport, direct blows applied to soft tissues, intentional irregular practice, holding, very brutal attacks, pushing, intentional hitting with the purpose of intimidating the opponent and hugging. The neuro-myo-arthro-kineticapparatus is highly demanded by the theme of the handball sports game, the practice of playing in strength and speed determines the body to adapt to the specifics of effort, namely to the complex and dynamic situations imposed by performance handball. In this sense, the principles that were the basis of the experiment have both theoretical and practical roots, starting from the idea that any injury to the body of the performance handballer, especially that trauma that forces the athlete to rest, has repercussions both on his quality as a player and on the entire team. For an active life, we must take into account certain aspects such as body health, its preservation, improvement or regain, the functional capacity of the body, the harmonious body appearance and the balanced nutritional status, these can only be acquired through the interdisciplinarity formed by sport, kinesiotherapy and medicine. Taking into account the fact that the game of handball is a sport for which the upper limb is the number 1 game instrument, we must specify that for the performance handballer, the upper limb represents a trait of him as an athlete, an organ of manifestation of professionalism and sports personality by the fact that during the handball game he uses his entire arm for a determined action by putting it in a precise and beneficial position, with maximum efficiency.

In athletics such as performance sports and games like handball that rely on speed and strength along with agility sensations play a role, in enhancing athletes’ ability to achieve optimal performance outcomes. In handball competitions where athletes execute movements and sudden changes, in direction while often encountering rivals physically; having proprioceptive abilities is crucial. Having heightened proprioception not enhances the stability of joints. Reduces the likelihood of injuries such as sprains or dislocations but also improves coordination in movement. This improvement can lead to an enhancement in both playersskills and the overall synergy within the team during gameplay.This study aims to explore how proprioceptive training can enhance the athleticdevelopment of male handball players. By identifying and applying specific exercises to improve proprioception, we hope to show the positive impact on athletic performance and offer practical guidance for coaches and trainers. Additionally, analyzing the study’s results will provide valuable insights into how proprioceptive training can be effectively incorporated into young athletes’ routines.In essence, sports competitions test every aspect of an athlete’s preparation, revealing opportunities in both offensive and defensive play in real time. A well-structured training program that includes proprioceptive exercises not only enhances joint stability and quick reflexes but also significantly reduces the risk of both acute and chronic injuries. This approach promotes faster, more precise responses to external stimuli, helping athletes avoid injuries and maintain peak performance

In recent decades, thanks to the advancements within materials science and engineering, a novel class of metallic compounds, named high and medium-entropy alloys, has begun to capture the attention of researchers worldwide. Despite their excellent mechanical and anticorrosive properties, the widespread usage of these materials in industrial applications still remains a challenge and a subject worthy of investigation. In the present work, an innovative concept of developing high and medium-entropy alloys by deposition welding technique is presented and analysed in detail. Melting a bundle of rods by the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) method, in the same molten pool, a medium-entropy alloy (MEA) from the AlCrFeNi system is deposited on a low carbon steel substrate. In order to increase the chemical homogenization of the deposited material and to eliminate or reduce the eventual defects that may occur, electric arc remelting without using filler metal was performed in transverse, longitudinal, or combined (transverse and longitudinal) direction relative to the initial deposition welding direction. The assessment of the resistance to corrosion, modifications of microstructure, chemical composition and hardness have revealed that the medium-entropy alloy, obtained by melting in the same welding pool of several common welding rods with various chemical compositions, is an innovative, sustainable, and advantageous alternative to stainless steel materials.

Introduction and objective: The study focused on identifying the differences regarding the implementation of a program that uses Fitlight technology and targets the development of simple and reactive repetitive speed in manual and bilateral manual executions. Methodology: There were 311 subjects in the study, including 243 student-athletes (handball, basketball, and volleyball) and 65 recreational subjects (control group). Study phasing: initial testing; implementing a 6-week experimental program using the Fitlight technology to improve manual, repetitive speed; final testing. Study tests: the Tapping the plates test-unilateral execution with the dominant hand (TP_dominant hand), the random reactive plate touching test_unilateral execution with the dominant hand (TPR_dominant hand), Touching the plates test- bilateral execution (TP_bilateral), Test Touching the plates bilateral execution-random reactive (TPR_bilateral). Results: The ANOVA analysis highlighted significant differences between the male and female groups, respectively, for all four versions of the Tapping Plate Test, for p

Council Regulation (EU) 2019/1111, recently entered into force, brought significant progress for EU Member States in the specific area of international child abductions. In the context of freedom of movement within the European Union guaranteed by art. 21 TFEU, there is an ever-increasing number of transnational families, and an equally increasing risk of international child abductions when these families break up. Strongly supporting the general principle according to which an abducted child shall promptly be returned to the state of habitual residence, Council Regulation (EU) 2019/1111 narrows the application of the most frequently encountered exception to this principle, namely the “grave risk” exception. The purpose of the article is to analyse the child protection measures ensuring the application of the principle of prompt return, even when a serious risk is associated with the return of the child to the state of habitual residence. Hence, the objectives of the present study are to identify the progress from private international law to EU law, and also the way in which the relevant EU regulations - Council Regulation (EC) 2201/2003 and Council Regulation (EU) 2019/1111 - have constantly evolved in relation to protection measures, intended to remove from application the serious risk defense. Moreover, as these protective measures are not indicated even by the actual Council Regulation (EU) 2019/1111, the article will further examine the most significant procedural and substantive aspects, as they arise from legislation in force and the case-law of the courts in Member States.

Background and Study Aim. Biomechanics is a fundamental component of Kinesiology, offering critical insights into the mechanics of human movement. As the demand for comprehensive educational programs in Kinesiology grows, understanding the role and effectiveness of biomechanics within these programs becomes increasingly important. The aim of the study is to investigate and highlight the role and importance of biomechanics in the context of higher education, with an emphasis on the discipline of Kinesiology. Material and Methods. This study involved 71 students from the Department of Physical Education and Sport at Pitești University Center. It included 43 students specializing in Physical Education and Sport (PES) and 28 in Sports and Motor Performance (SMP). The research utilized the university's e-learning platform to monitor teaching and evaluation activities within the Kinesiology discipline. The evaluation of fundamental Kinesiology knowledge was assessed through various indicators. Google Forms-Questionnaire sought to gauge student opinions on the thematic content of Biomechanics as applied to Kinesiology and to evaluate the teaching staff. The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis Test was employed to analyze differences in means across the groups. Results. The study revealed a diverse interest in sports across the Physical Education and Sport (PES) and Sports and Motor Performance (SMP) programs. Soccer, basketball, and handball were the most popular among students. Comparative analysis of academic performance showed no significant differences between the groups in various assessments (p>0.05). The overall student feedback on the "Fundamentals of Biomechanics of Physical Activities and Sports" course was predominantly positive. Over 50% of the students rated it as very good. Areas for improvement in teaching methods were also identified to enhance the academic experience. Conclusions. This study highlights the effective integration of biomechanics within the Kinesiology discipline at the higher education level. Findings suggest that well-structured educational programs can enhance students' understanding and application of biomechanics. This contributes positively to their academic and professional development in sports sciences. Continuous curriculum assessment and refinement are crucial for maintaining the relevance and effectiveness of such programs.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are a family of materials that, because of their particular characteristics and possible uses in a variety of industries, have garnered a lot of interest recently. One such promising HEA is the MoNbTaTiZr high-entropy alloy, which displays excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility alongside good mechanical properties. Another promising HEA that has attracted researchers for its potential applications in various fields is FeMoTaTiZr. Exchanging one of the elements may result in important variation of properties of a material. This work studies two different samples of high-entropy alloys, MoNbTaTiZr (named NbHEA) and FeMoTaTiZr (named FeHEA), both generated in a laboratory context using electric-arc remelting technology, keeping similar atomic percentage of the elements in both alloys. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to characterize the microstructure of the alloys. Replacing Nb for Fe affects the distribution proportion of the other four elements, since Fe has a higher tendency than Nb to form part of the inter-dendrite region. An evaluation of the properties related to the corrosion process was accomplished using the polarization method along with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), performed under a simulated biological environment. As a result, FeHEA showed a higher corrosion rate in simulated body fluid than NbHEA.

Gestational pemphigoid is a rare, autoimmune, subepidermal bullous disease with an incidence of 1 in 50,000 pregnancies, displaying itself through pruritic erythema and urticarial papules and plaques that evolve into tense bullae. Histopathological findings consist of subepidermal vesicles with perivascular eosinophils and lymphocytes, and direct immunofluorescence reveals C3 complement and, more rarely, IgG in a linear band along the basement membrane. The course is usually self-limiting within 6 months after delivery but, later, can be triggered by subsequent pregnancies, menstruation, or treatment with oral contraceptives. The newborn can be affected due to the transplacental passage of the maternal immunoglobulins, but, usually, less than 10% of newborns will develop lesions similar to pemphigoid gestationis. The diagnosis and management pose a difficult challenge and should be guided by the severity of the disease. We, therefore, provide a short literature review and discussion plus a case from our clinic, with a typical presentation but a delayed diagnosis and an undulating evolution, with severe manifestations and particularly difficult management due to unexpected complications.

The vertebrate organizer plays a crucial role in building the main (antero-posterior) axis of the embryo: it neuralizes the surrounding ectoderm, and is the site of emigration for cells making axial and paraxial mesendoderm during elongation. The chick organizer becomes a stem zone at the onset of elongation; it stops recruiting cells from the neighbouring ectoderm and generates all its derivatives from the small number of resident cells it contains at the end of gastrulation stages. Nothing is known about the molecular identity of this stem zone. Here, we specifically labelled long-term resident cells of the organizer and compared their RNA-seq profile to that of the neighbouring cell populations. Screening by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization identified four genes (WIF1, PTGDS, ThPO and UCKL1) that are upregulated only in the organizer region when it becomes a stem zone and remain expressed there during axial elongation. In experiments specifically labelling the resident cells of the mature organizer, we show that only these cells express these genes. These findings molecularly define the organizer as a stem zone and offer a key to understanding how this zone is set up, the molecular control of its cells’ behaviour and the evolution of axial growth zones.

To assess the frequency of multiple thrombophilia-associated mutations and polymorphisms in a selected population of high-risk pregnancies.

For more than 40 years, autologous platelet concentrates have been used in clinical medicine. Since the first formula used, namely platelet-rich plasma (PRP), other platelet concentrates have been experimented with, including platelet-rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor. Platelet concentrates have three standard characteristics: they act as scaffolds, they serve as a source of growth factors and cytokines, and they contain live cells. PRP has become extensively used in regenerative medicine for the successful treatment of a variety of clinical (non-)dermatological conditions like alopecies, acne scars, skin burns, skin ulcers, muscle, cartilage, and bone repair, and as an adjuvant in post-surgery wound healing, with obvious benefits in terms of functionality and aesthetic recovery of affected tissues/organs. These indications were well documented, and a large amount of evidence has already been published supporting the efficacy of this method. The primordial principle behind minimally invasive PRP treatments is the usage of the patient’s own platelets. The benefits of the autologous transplantation of thrombocytes are significant, representing a fast and economic method that requires only basic equipment and training, and it is biocompatible, thus being a low risk for the patient (infection and immunological reactions can be virtually disregarded). Usually, the structural benefits of applying PRP are attributed to fibroblasts only, as they are considered the most numerous cell population within the interstitium. However, this apparent simplistic explanation is still eluding those different types of interstitial cells (distinct from fibroblasts) that are residing within stromal tissue, e.g., telocytes (TCs). Moreover, dermal TCs have an already documented potential in angiogenesis (extra-cutaneous, but also within skin), and their implication in skin recovery in a few dermatological conditions was attested and described ultrastructurally and immunophenotypically. Interestingly, PRP biochemically consists of a series of growth factors, cytokines, and other molecules, to which TCs have also proven to have a positive expression. Thus, it is attractive to hypothesize and to document any tissular collaboration between cutaneous administered PRP and local dermal TCs in skin recovery/repair/regeneration. Therefore, TCs could be perceived as the missing link necessary to provide a solid explanation of the good results achieved by administering PRP in skin-repairing processes.

The voice of the child is a broad and largely discussed concept relevant for family life, and referred to both in different juridical instruments belonging to national and international areas, and also doctrinal opinions. The purpose of the article is to analyse the voice of the child in the particular situation of international child abduction, in the framework of the ever-increasing number of transnational families on the move, within and outside the EU. As the general principle stipulates that an abducted child shall promptly be returned to the state of habitual residence, children’s welfare is to be considered only within the exceptions to the return mechanism. One of these exceptions is represented by the child's objection to being returned, which nevertheless remains highly controversial: if we accept it is generally in children’s best interests to be returned, then how can children’s rights to express their views be accommodated? Hence, the objectives of the present study are to identify the legal context in which the child's opinion can be expressed and valued in the context of different juridical instruments, with a subsequent focus on the situation of international child abduction (procedural and substantial). Furthermore, the paper will examine the extent to which judicial assessments of child's views in child abduction procedures are conducted in a way that corresponds with a children’s rights-based approach, acknowledging their autonomy and right to be heard.

There is an increasing importance attached to use of methods to reach agreed solutions in national and international family law, both during the course of litigations involving children, and also in order to prevent such juridical disputes. Among the different means of amicable dispute resolution (such as conciliation, counselling, arbitration, etc.), mediation remains just one of many possibilities, but still the most widely promoted method of alternative dispute settlement. The purpose of the article is to identify the advantages and limits of mediation in comparison with court proceedings, and subsequently to highlight its particularities in the context of child abduction cases (which characteristically involve the highest levels of tension between the parties). Hence, the objectives of the present study are to identify specific challenges of mediation in international chils abductions, such as object, timeframes, cooperation among mediators and administrative/judicial authorities, (non)ennforceability of the agreement in all jurisdictions concerned or language difficulties, associated with different cultural and religious backgrounds, geographical distance, visa and immigration issues. Furthermore, the study aims to identify use of mediation in order to prevent child abductions, at an early stage of the break of the relationship between parents, where an amicable solution is still reachable and recommendable in the best interests of the child.

Our research focuses on a complex and integrative analysis of bear presence in four tourist resorts in Prahova Valley, Romania: Sinaia, Bușteni, Azuga and Predeal. Employing innovative mixed methods, including questionnaires, interviews, newspaper analysis, and consideration of the local toponymy, including bear-related names and souvenirs, we aim to highlight the extent to which a posthumanist attitude is evident in the region. The sustained appearance of bears is attributed to habitat invasion through deforestation, road construction, residential neighborhoods, and tourist infrastructure. Ambiguity arises from the presence of food sources and voluntary feeding both by locals and tourists. The mass media initially heightened fear and panic during the onset of human–bear interactions but later adopted a more tolerant tone regarding the bear’s presence in tourist resorts, reflecting an openness to the posthumanist approach in Prahova Valley. That is why locals express fear and concern about bear encounters, advocating for a clear separation between animal and human spaces. Tourists exhibit attitudes ranging from unconscious appreciation to ambivalence, often contributing to the problem through practices such as feeding bears for fun. The use of bear-related names for tourist establishments is identified as anthropocentric, despite their appeal for attracting tourists. Souvenir sales, through increasing socio-economic value and contributing to tourist experiences, are also recognized as anthropocentric. However, souvenirs can provide elements of support for bear conservation efforts and the equal consideration of human and non-human entities. This study concludes that a successful adaptive coexistence requires a posthumanist vision, overcoming anthropocentrism in a landscape altered by human activities, supported by bear management programs in Bucegi Natural Park, and conservation efforts in Prahova Valley in a landscape altered by people.