1. Influence of microplastics on the toxicity of chlorpyrifos and mercury on the marine microalgae Rhodomonas lens
- Author
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Estefanía P. Pinto, Estefanía Paredes, Juan Bellas, Xunta de Galicia, and Universidad de Vigo
- Subjects
2401.19 Zoología Marina ,Environmental Engineering ,Toxicity ,Microplastics ,Chlorophyll A ,Microplastic ,Mercury ,Carotenoids ,Pollution ,Microalgae ,Environmental Chemistry ,Chlorpyrifos ,3214 Toxicología ,Plastics ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Ecosystem ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,2417.07 Algología (Ficología) - Abstract
The growing use of plastics, including microplastics (MPs), has enhanced their potential release into aquatic environments, where microalgae represent the basis of food webs. Due to their physicochemical properties, MPs may act as carriers of organic and inorganic pollutants. The present study aimed to determine the toxicity of polyethylene MPs (plain and oxidized) and the model pollutants chlorpyrifos (CPF) and mercury (Hg) on the red microalgae Rhodomonas lens, to contribute to the understanding of the effects of MPs and associated pollutants on marine ecosystems, including the role of MPs as vectors of potentially harmful pollutants to marine food webs. R. lens cultures were exposed to MPs (1–1000 μg/L; 25–24,750 particles/mL), CPF (1–4900 μg/L), Hg (1–500 μg/L), and to CPF- and Hg-loaded MPs, for 96 h. Average specific growth rate (ASGR, day), cellular viability and pigment concentration (chlorophyll a, c2 and carotenoids) were measured at 48 and 96 h. No significant effects were observed on the growth pattern of the microalgae after 96-h exposure to plain and oxidized MPs. However, a significant increase in cell concentration was detected after 48-h exposure to plain MPs. A decrease of the ASGR was noticed after exposure to CPF, Hg and to CPF/Hg-loaded MPs, whereas viability was affected by exposure to MPs, CPF and Hg, alone and in combination. Chlorophyll a and c2 significantly decreased when microalgae were exposed to plain MPs and CPF, while both pigments significantly increased when exposed to CPF-loaded MPs. Similarly, chlorophyll and carotenoids content significantly decreased after exposure to Hg, whereas a significant increase in chlorophyll a was observed after 48-h exposure to Hg-loaded MPs, at the higher tested concentration. Overall, the presence of MPs modulates the toxicity of Hg and CPF to these microalgae, decreasing the toxic effects on R. lens, probably due to a lower bioavailability of the contaminants., We acknowledge Arantxa Martínez, Pedro Pousa and Dolores Pampillón for their technical support and Dr. Diego Rial for his guidance in the optimization of microalgae viability determination. This study has been completed within the framework of the PLASMED Project. Funding for the development of the predoctoral stage was provided by Xunta de Galicia (Spain) under the European social fund for Galicia (2014–2020) for 2020. Universidade de Vigo/CISUG provides funding for open access charge.
- Published
- 2023