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Copyright of Historische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The transition from socialist dictatorship to liberal democracy in the GDR was associated with political and social upheaval. The transformation accompanying the democratic sociopolitical process is examined using the example of the Association for Neurology and Psychiatry of the GDR, which led to its unification with the German Association for Psychiatry and Neurology (DGPN). Method: For the historical investigation material from the archives of the DGPPN as well as the personal belongings of the protagonists of the time were used and eyewitness interviews were conducted. Results: The transformation process can also be seen for the Association for Neurology and Psychiatry of the GDR. As at the political level, there was also a loss of legitimacy at the board level of the Association for Psychiatry and Neurology in 1990. The new understanding of democracy required the participation of all members. The Spokesman Council and the DGPN (East) were responsible for establishing and consolidating democratic structures. Conclusion: Beyond the transformation process, little is known about the merger. The phase of reorientation at the beginning of the 1990s should be examined for the DGPN as well as the question of how to deal with the suspected political abuse of psychiatry in the GDR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dieser Beitrag beschreibt ein Unterrichtskonzept im Fach Höranalyse, in dem es um die hörende Annäherung an György Ligetis erste Klavieretüde aus dem Jahr 1985 geht. Ziel der doppelstündigen Unterrichtseinheit ist die Erkenntnis wesentlicher Kompositionsprinzipien des Werks über das Hören. Im Stundenverlauf werden hierfür mehrere mithilfe einer Notationssoftware hergestellte Hörbeispiele verwendet, die sowohl getrennte Einblicke in die Parts der beiden Hände als auch in den kompositorischen Gerüstsatz des Stücks ermöglichen. Die Hörbeispiele erweisen sich nicht nur methodisch als nützlicher Kompass im polyrhythmischen Labyrinth des Werks, sondern bieten darüber hinaus auch reizvolle Analogien zu Ligetis Inspirationsquellen, und zwar sowohl zur afrikanischen Musik und den Methoden ihrer Erforschung als auch zur Maschinenästhetik der Studies for Player Piano von Conlon Nancarrow. This article describes a lesson plan in aural analysis using György Ligeti’s first piano etude from 1985. The lesson’s aim is to discern essential compositional principles in Ligeti’s piece through listening. The lesson uses several audio examples which have been produced through music notation software. They will render it possible to give separate insights into the use of both hands as well as into the compositional framework of the piece. The audio examples not only prove to be a methodically useful compass in the polyrhythmic labyrinth of this work, but also offer appealing analogies to Ligeti‘s sources of inspiration, both to African music and the methods by which African music can be studied and to the machine aesthetics in the Studies for Player Piano by Conlon Nancarrow.

Having dealt with Martini's understanding of causality and his procedural elements of evidence in the third part, the concluding article once again takes a historical perspective. It (1) traces the positionings and contexts of Martini's methodology in a sort of historical longitudinal section and (2) discusses the reasons for the rather reluctant response to his research programme in German and international medicine. We then focus (3) on Martini's understanding and concept of clinical research, the specific challenges he faced in post-war German medicine - and what remains of it today. Finally, we summarise the key findings of our article series and reflect on Martini's work in terms of its special nature and significance for clinical medicine in the 20 th century., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)

Aim: This article aims to describe and discuss in detail the psychiatric medical history of the writer Elsa Asenijeff (1867–1941) in different mental institutions in the German state of Saxony. Research questions: What can be discovered in preserved archive documents about the placement of Elsa Asenijeff in different mental institutions between 1923 and 1941? What is the historical context in which this individual medical history took place? Material and methods: Through systematic research in different archives a part of Elsa Asenijeffs medical records and relevant administrative files of the institutions could be found. Results: The preserved documents provide an insight into the statements of the physicians and the conditions of Elsa Asenijeffs placement in the institutions of that time. Conclusion: The findings of our research suggest that, at least since 1927, Elsa Asenijeff was kept in mental institutions primarly for being an unmarried, destitute and more or less isolated woman. In other words, her stay was justified with social and not psychiatric-medical arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zgodovina za Vse is the property of Zgodovinsko Drustvo Celje (The Historical Society of Celje) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Herbert Grundmann's seminal study „Religious Movements in the Middle Ages" appeared in Nazi Germany in 1935, but was drafted and written before 1933 when the text was submitted to Leipzig University as Grundmann's Habilitationsschrift. The paper traces his career alongside the fate of his famous book based on archival evidence, mainly from the Grundmann papers at the archives of Leipzig University and from files of NSDAP organisations at the Federal archives in Berlin. Grundmann developed the framework of his studies on the common grounds of heresy and orthodoxy step by step, inspired by travels to Italy and France. He had a hard time finding a press for his thick book and then faced a lacklustre reception in German reviews, whereas foreign reviewers were more enthusiastic. In dire economic straits and publicly bullied by a fanatic Nazi scholar, Grundmann applied for party membership in 1937. It was only several years after the war that he returned to his research on the religious movements and received due praise for his work at home and abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Der Beitrag umfasst in ausgewählten Zitaten, die der Wirtschaftspresse des ausgehenden 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts entnommen wurden, Wortschatzbeispiele aus Wirtschaftsartikeln aus den Jahren 1885–1886 und 1993–1996, die die Zeit des Aufschwungs und später die Zeit der aufkommenden Krise beschreiben. Sie werden anhand von Wirtschaftswörterbüchern definiert und erläutert. Dabei soll gezeigt werden, wie sich die Sprache der Wirtschaft, insbesondere im Bereich Handel, in der Zeitspanne von etwa 100 Jahren entwickelt und verändert hat. Die Gruppierung des Wortschatzes soll einen besseren Überblick über die von der Wirtschaftspresse behandelten Themen geben. Der sprachwissenschaftliche Nutzen der Arbeit liegt, wie erhofft, in einem Beitrag zur diachronischen Beschreibung der Lexik der Sprache der Wirtschaft. Der Vergleich mit dem 20. Jh. zeigt, wie sich die Sprache der Wirtschaft in dem gewählten Bereich entwickelte, welche Wörter aus dem Gebrauch gekommen sind, welche einem Bedeutungswandel unterlagen und welche bis heute in unveränderter Form fungieren.

Review of The Human Future? Artificial Humans and Evolution in Anglophone Science Fiction of the 20th Century by Stefan Lampadius.

Positionierungen und Selbstdeutungen von Dozierenden in der Lehrpersonenbildung waren in der Vergangenheit sowohl ortsspezifisch geprägt als auch in einen Strom unterschiedlichen pädagogischen Wissens eingebunden. Es stellen sich in einer historischen Spurensuche – mit kurzen Quellensondierungen zu verschiedenen Zeitabschnitten im 20. Jahrhundert zu Positionierungen von Lehrpersonenbildner*innen – vielfältige Fragen im Zusammenhang mit „Normalmodellen“, mit wissenschaftlich-disziplinären Orientierungen, mit der Kritik an der disziplinären Arbeitsteilung in der Wissensproduktion und mit Erziehungsidealen. Das Essay soll auf der Grundlage historisch-konzepthafter Schriften aus dem deutschen und deutschschweizerischen Bildungsraum zur Ausbildung von Lehrpersonen, zum Hochschulunterricht und zur Hochschulreform – irritierend und ordnungsstiftend zugleich – zu einer Diskussion einladen, die sensibel für Paradoxien ist. Der Beitrag soll in einer kulturhistorisch informierten Perspektive den Blick schärfen für ambivalente und paradoxal anmutende Deutungen zur Pluralität in den wissenschaftlichen Perspektiven von Dozierenden und hochschulpolitischen Akteur*innen, die mit der Suche nach „Synthetisierungen“ teilweise auch Nähen zum Antiakademismus aufweisen konnten. Es wird aufgezeigt, unter welchen Voraussetzungen die Rede vom angelsächsischen Erziehungsideal hinsichtlich der Lehrpersonenbildung einer analytischen Unschärfe Vorschub leisten konnte. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser historischen Selbstbefremdung beschließt ein Ausblick auf allfällige Kategorienverwechslungen in der gegenwärtig häufig vorgetragenen Schulpraxiserfordernis von Dozierenden in der Lehrpersonenbildung die Überlegungen.

Copyright of Historische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Therapeutic Pedagogy Ward assumed a central position within the Viennese welfare system soon after its opening in 1911. The minors being observed were thought to be “difficult”, “neglected” or suffering from mental or physical disabilities. Some were admitted to assess their (intellectual) abilities and released with an expert report either on how to further treat or where to place them. By analysing expert opinions from 1912 to the 1970s, this paper examines the cooperation of the institutions involved in this endeavour. For that purpose, it not only studies the contents of these expert opinions but focuses on language, shedding light on acceptance, understanding and appropriation of therapeutic pedagogic concepts in related disciplines. Thus, by investigating the practice of categorizing individuality, this article highlights common forms of typing in therapeutic pedagogy and its importance beyond the narrow institutional setting.

From the 1920s, children in Switzerland were psychiatrically examined in observation wards. In many cases, these medical reports were linked to the placement of children in homes and foster families. Focusing on a specific case study of the observation institution Stephansburg in Zurich in 1944, this paper retraces the genesis of a child psychiatric report, identifying patterns by which the experts dealt with narratives of teachers, parents or school doctors. At a closer look, tests and medical examinations were not necessarily committed to a strictly scientific approach. The case study analysed in this paper indicates that experts in child psychiatry did not always apply expert knowledge when preparing their opinion. Rather, they resorted to a selection of aspects alien to psychiatry but suitable to satisfy the interests of the contracting authority.

Aim: The impacts of the introduction of antipsychotics on psychiatric care in a clinic were investigated for the first time, specifically in the Neurological and Psychiatric Clinic of the University of Leipzig from 1946 to 1965. Research questions: When and which antipsychotics were first used, to what extent and how did this affect the use of traditional forms of therapy? Material and methods: According to psychopathological criteria, 306 cases were selected from the database of patient records from the hospital archive and systematically reviewed with respect to the research question. Results: The use of antipsychotics began in 1953 and subsequently with increasing frequency and duration. Traditional therapies and antipsychotics were frequently used in combination. In particular, the use of antipsychotics and electroconvulsive therapy represented the new basic therapy. A decrease in the length of hospitalization could not be demonstrated. From 1955, however, fewer transfers to the provincial hospitals were necessary and more patients could be discharged into domestic life as "improved". Beginning in 1961, for the first time a discharge medication was mentioned and evidence of outpatient therapies including electric shock therapies were recorded. Conclusion: Evidence of facilitation of mental rehabilitation through the use of antipsychotics cannot be directly confirmed; however, it appears that the administration beyond a time-limited treatment has contributed to this development and also to the establishment of outpatient facilities. Thus, both a watershed in the psychiatric treatment and a change for the patients themselves could be identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rezension der folgenden Publikation: Banoun, Bernard; Poulin, Isabelle & Chevrel, Yves (Hg.) (2019): Histoire des traductions en langue française. vol. IV : XXe siècle (1914-2000). Paris: Verdier.

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