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The institutionalisation of new technologies, information systems, norms, practices and other innovations for improving governance, planning, operational efficiency and service delivery in the public sector remain a challenge. Power dynamics, and politics have also been recognised as playing a critical role in the institutionalisation of information systems for promoting digital transformation of the public sector. This study used data collected through an extensive review of literature and empirical data from a case study of South Africa’s government digital transformation journey. The study explored power dynamics and the role of politics in the institutionalisation of reforms and deinstitutionalisation of institutionalised practices that constrain transformation in institutions. Power dynamics, and politics in institutions were found to have a significant bearing on the institutionalisation of reforms that include information systems in the digital transformation of government. The study found that the digital transformation of the public is more than the implementation technology and requires the holistic view of institutions as social, economic, and political structures.

This research mainly aims to explore the factors that influence users' continuous use of mobile libraries. The findings of this study will provide empirical evidence to help improve the service and information quality of mobile libraries. Moreover, suggestions for optimization are provided with the objective of meeting user demands at its maximum. A theoretical model is constructed to reveal the impact of 11 influencing factors on users' continuous use of mobile libraries. Structural equation modeling is adopted to verify the theoretical model and research hypothesis based on the valid data obtained from a questionnaire survey. The study found that personalized services and information availability have positive impacts on the service quality of mobile libraries. Moreover, perceived mobility and information quality have positive impacts on the perceived usability of mobile libraries. Finally, perceived usability, service quality, and platform stability have significantly positive impacts on the willingness of users to continue usage of mobile libraries.

The identification of reliable terms from domain-specific corpora using computational methods is a task that has to be validated manually by specialists, which is a highly time-consuming activity. To reduce this effort and improve term candidate selection, we implemented the Token Slot Recognition method, a filtering method based on terminological tokens which is used to rank extracted term candidates from domain-specific corpora. This paper presents the implementation of the term candidates filtering method we developed in linguistic and statistical approaches applied for automatic term extraction using several domain-specific corpora in different languages. We observed that the filtering method outperforms term candidate selection by ranking a higher number of terms at the top of the term candidate list than raw frequency, and for statistical term extraction the improvement is between 15% and 25% both in precision and recall. Our analyses further revealed a reduction in the number of term candidates to be validated manually by specialists. In conclusion, the number of term candidates extracted automatically from domain-specific corpora has been reduced significantly using the Token Slot Recognition filtering method, so term candidates can be easily and quickly validated by specialists. La identificación de términos apropiados de corpus específicos de dominio utilizando métodos computacionales es una tarea que debe ser validada manualmente por especialistas, lo cual es una actividad que consume mucho tiempo. Para reducir este esfuerzo y mejorar la selección de los términos candidatos, implementamos el método Token Slot Recognition, un método de filtrado basado en tokens terminológicos que se utiliza para clasificar candidatos de términos extraídos de corpus específicos de dominio. Este artículo presenta la implementación del término con un método de filtrado de candidatos que desarrollamos en los enfoques lingüísticos y estadísticos aplicados para la extracción automática de términos utilizando varios corpus específicos de dominio en diferentes idiomas. Observamos que el método de filtrado supera la selección de candidatos a término al clasificar un mayor número de términos en la lista de candidatos a término que la frecuencia sin procesar, y para la extracción de términos estadísticos la mejora es entre 15% y 25% tanto en precisión como en recuperación. Nuestros análisis revelaron además una reducción en el número de candidatos a término para ser validados manualmente por especialistas. En conclusión, el número de candidatos a término extraídos automáticamente de corpus específicos del dominio se ha reducido significativamente utilizando el método de filtrado Token Slot Recognition, por lo que los candidatos a término pueden ser validados fácil y rápidamente por especialistas. La identificació de termes apropiats de corpus específics de domini utilitzant mètodes computacionals és una tasca que ha de ser validada manualment per especialistes, la qual cosa és una activitat que consumeix molt temps. Per reduir aquest esforç i millorar la selecció dels termes candidats, implementem el mètode Token Slot Recognition, un mètode de filtrat basat en tokens terminològics que s'utilitza per classificar candidats de termes extrets de corpus específics de domini. Aquest article presenta la implementació del terme amb un mètode de filtrat de candidats que desenvolupem en els enfocaments lingüístics i estadístics aplicats per a l'extracció automàtica de termes utilitzant diversos corpus específics de domini en diferents idiomes. Observem que el mètode de filtrat supera la selecció de candidats a terme en classificar un major nombre de termes en la llista de candidats a terme que la freqüència sense processar, i per a l'extracció de termes estadístics la millora és entre 15% i 25% tant en precisió com en recuperació. Les nostres anàlisis van revelar a més una reducció en el nombre de candidats a terme per ser validats manualment per especialistes. En conclusió, el nombre de candidats a terme extrets automàticament de corpus específics del domini s'ha reduït significativament utilitzant el mètode de filtrat Token Slot Recognition, per la qual cosa els candidats a terme poden ser validats fàcil i ràpidament per especialistes.

As cultural institutions are digitizing their artifacts and interlinking their collections, new opportunities emerge to engage with cultural heritage. However, it is the often comprehensive and complex nature of collections that can make it difficult to grasp their distribution and extent across a variety of dimensions. After a brief introduction to the research area of collection visualizations, this paper presents a design study visualizing an aggregated collection from diverse cultural institutions in Germany. We detail our iterative design process leading to prototypical implementations of four stylistically and functionally coordinated visualizations, each one focusing on different facets of the collection.

RESUMO Introdução: Considerado atributo de uma sociedade contemporânea mais democrática, igualitária e justa, o acesso à informação é um direito constitucionalmente garantido a todo cidadão. Objetivo: Assim, este estudo foi realizado com profissionais vinculados ao Sistema Eletrônico do Serviço de Informação ao Cidadão (e-SIC), objetivando conhecer o perfil do (a) gestor (a) desse serviço, bem como sua satisfação em relação ao desempenho de suas funções profissionais nesse ambiente de trabalho. Metodologia: Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa caracteriza-se por sua natureza, predominantemente, qualitativa do tipo descritiva. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários. Resultados: Entre os objetivos alcançados na pesquisa, destaca-se o perfil dos profissionais responsáveis pelo gerenciamento do e-SIC: a maioria tem entre 41 e 50 anos, é do sexo feminino, pertence a diferentes profissões, como, por exemplo, advogado e delegado, e atua de um a dois anos nesse ambiente de trabalho. Conclusão: Verificou-se, também, que, apesar das barreiras encontradas, os (as) gestores (as) do e-SIC desempenham suas funções satisfatoriamente e consideram o Sistema como uma ferramenta de poder entre a sociedade e o setor público, o que possibilita mais controle e comunicação social e contribui significativamente com a população. ABSTRACT Introduction: Considered an attribute of a more democratic, egalitarian and fair contemporary society, access to information is a constitutionally guaranteed right for every citizen. Objective: Therefore, this study was conducted with professionals linked to the Electronic System of the Citizen Information Service (e-SIC), with the purpose of knowing the profile of the manager of this service, as well as his/her satisfaction in relation to the performance of his/her professional duties in this work environment. Methodology: As for the methodological procedures, the research is characterized by its nature, predominantly qualitative of the descriptive type. The data were collected by means of questionnaires. Results: Among the objectives achieved in the survey, the profile of the professionals responsible for the management of e-SIC stands out: most of them are between 41 and 50 years old, are female, belong to different professions, such as lawyer and delegate, and work from one to two years in this work environment. Conclusion: It has also been found that, despite the barriers encountered, the e-SIC managers perform their functions satisfactorily and consider the System as a power tool between society and the public sector, which enables more control and social communication and contributes significantly to the population.

Submitted by Raymundo N Machado (raymacha@ufba.br) on 2021-08-12T12:06:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 8662072-Texto do artigo-91898-2-10-20210205.pdf: 576018 bytes, checksum: 1c4f2919bcdff3fe1dc5af5acec4e771 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Érica Santana (paixaosantana@hotmail.com) on 2021-08-12T14:06:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 8662072-Texto do artigo-91898-2-10-20210205.pdf: 576018 bytes, checksum: 1c4f2919bcdff3fe1dc5af5acec4e771 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-08-12T14:06:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8662072-Texto do artigo-91898-2-10-20210205.pdf: 576018 bytes, checksum: 1c4f2919bcdff3fe1dc5af5acec4e771 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 Estudo financiado pelo Edital PROPCI/PROPG –UFBA 004/2016 – Programa de Apoio a Jovens Professores Doutores–PROPESQ Introdução/Objetivo: Estudo de natureza quantitativa-descritiva, que teve como objetivo básico obter uma visão da produtividade científica brasileira na área de células-tronco, no período de 2001 a 2019, por meio dos indicadores bibliométricos de produção científica. Metodologia: considerou-se como unidade de análise os artigos originais e indexados na Web of Science, contemplando pelo menos um autor com afiliação brasileira. Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam um crescimento, que acompanha o cenário mundial, do número de artigos (4.675) e autores (25.050), com tendência pela autoria múltipla (99,25%). Cinco periódicos se destacam, pelo número de artigos publicados: o Plos One (128), Scientific Reports (65), Stem Cell Research & Therapy (55),Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (54) e Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (49). Conclusão: as pesquisas foram concentradas em hematologia até 2005 e, a partir de 2006, a biologia celular passou a ocupar a centralidade dos estudos e pesquisas, tanto nacionalmente como mundialmente. ABSTRACT Introduction/Objective: Quantitative-descriptive study, whose aim was to obtain a scientific production overview in Brazilian stem cells area, in the period from 2001 to 2019, through bibliometrics indicators of scientific production. Methodology: It has considered original and indexed articles on the Web of Science, including less one Brazilian author. Results: The results showed an increase, like the world scenario, the number of articles (4.675) and authors (25.050), with a tendency for multiple authorship (99.25%). Five periodicals highlighted by the number of articles published o Plos One (128), Scientific Reports (65), Stem Cell Research & Therapy (55), Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (54) and Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (49). Conclusion: The research was concentrated in the hematology area until 2005 and, cell biology started to occupy the centrality of studies and research both nationally and worldwide since 2006. Campinas, SP

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose a set of design recommendations for crowdsourcing platforms with a focus on user engagement. A sample of New Zealand (NZ) cultural heritage institutions (CHIs) crowdsourcing platforms were assessed, with the aim of offering insights into how they have been designed to encourage dialogue and engagement and to sustain participation.Design/methodology/approachThe design recommendations were derived from a review of related works. Following this, 12 crowdsourcing projects overseen by libraries, museums and an archive in NZ were assessed against the recommendations through content analysis.FindingsThe recommendations were classified into four main categories. These were promote ease of use, attract and sustain user interest, foster a community of users and show users that their work is contributing to the institution and society. The findings indicated that the sample of crowdsourcing projects assessed were generally successful at displaying the credibility and significance of their projects, and promoting their crowdsourced collections. Many of the projects could nevertheless benefit from providing further support to promoting dialogues and engagement with their users and contributors and sustaining offline community interaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe content analysis conducted was focused on the functionality of design elements of the crowdsourcing platforms. The design recommendations derived from the analysis were intended as a starting point for discussion and they would need to be validated in further studies. Other relevant project information such as funding and staffing, promotion and outreach efforts were not solicited in this study. Such information could provide important contextualisation. Future research could take the form of in-depth case studies, including surveying those involved in the projects and stakeholders to investigate such contextual aspects of crowdsourcing projects.Originality/valuePrevious research on crowdsourcing in NZ CHIs consisted of single case studies. This study provides a wider snapshot and insights into digital crowdsourcing platforms from public NZ CHIs. The study findings have practical implications for project managers and Web designers involved in crowdsourcing projects, particularly those in the cultural heritage sector.

How public library policies, practices and services support the information needs of people experiencing homelessness was investigated using a qualitative-phenomenological design. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with four homeless participants and seven librarians from four public library networks from a particular New Zealand region. The findings revealed that while none of the participating libraries had policies or services that were targeted at homelessness individuals, the libraries were perceived as providing services that largely met the information needs of their homeless patrons even if there were areas for improvement. It was noted that libraries could provide services that contribute to the strengthening of cultural identity and that policies and services should take relevant socio-cultural contexts into consideration. The findings inform public library policies and practices so that services could be developed and improved in order to enable equitable and effective use by homeless individuals, without unnecessarily segregating this user group.

The digital humanities (DH) is an emerging field of teaching and research that invites modern technologies to address traditional humanities questions while simultaneously making space for humanistic critiques of those technologies. A natural relationship exists between DH and the field of information studies (the iField), particularly surrounding their common focus on the interface between humans and computers, as well as subfields such as the organization of information, libraries and archives, data preservation, and information in society. Thus, we propose that iField programs in universities should take an active role in DH education. We are particularly interested in programs that are officially Information Schools (iSchools), members of the international iSchools Organization. Our research began as part of a DH curriculum committee convened by the iSchools Organization. To support iSchool engagement in DH education, we have inventoried and analyzed the degrees and supplemental credentials offered by DH education programs throughout the world. Our study deployed multiple data collection methods, which included conducting both ad hoc and comprehensive website surveys, querying an online DH catalog, and inviting members of the iSchools Organization to participate in an online questionnaire. This work has revealed several common patterns for the current structure of DH programs, including the various types of degrees or supplemental credentials offered. We observe that iSchools have a significant opportunity to become more engaged in DH education and we suggest several possible approaches based on our research.

As part of a doctoral research, eighty-eight local truth commissions created in Brazil between 2012 and 2018 were identified. Among them, it was selected the eleven final reports that described partnerships between truth commissions and universities. The paper analyzes the phenomenon of creation of local truth commissions in Brazil and the partnerships established between them and universities, especially, with Archival Science and History programs. It was found that the partnerships were established to make the work of truth commissions feasible and consisted of archival activities such as preservation, description, and scanning as well as research. It concludes that, although the educational engagement of Brazilian truth commissions has been limited, partnerships with universities have provided students the contact with the theme of human rights, in line with the callings for the profession to address activism and human rights within the context of archival education. Finally, the paper suggests that experiences developed by these partnerships could be incorporated into Archival Science programs in Brazil.

Despite the growing interest in transparency policies and, concomitantly, the need to include a gender perspective in analysing the actions of public authorities, the intersection of both fields has attracted limited attention from the research community. The scarce contributions to this topic do not provide a framework that supports an empirical examination of institutional transparency and gender, and therefore, the implementation of these policies remains unexplored. This paper contributes to the debate on institutional transparency and gender perspective by developing an index of gender inclusion in transparency policies based on the information available on official local government websites, and by identifying and analysing factors that drive variations in the municipal councils. The research focuses on the municipalities of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (MAB) and includes other cities for comparative purposes. The findings indicate that the number of inhabitants of the municipality, the presence of women in its political bodies and institutional factors, and particularly the volume of the budget, are positively associated with the incorporation of a gender perspective on institutional websites.

International audience; Scientists, as human beings, sometimes make mistakes. The aim of this case study was to examine the misreferencing practice of scientists. Citations of two documents about the neuroimaging of a dead salmon were collected. A total of 173 references were extracted from Google Scholar and analyzed by both qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings reveal a reference error rate of 93.1%, involving 419 authors. Sociological and bibliometric data about the authors were collected and revealed that referencing errors can be committed by all types of researchers. Further, a major referencing error was discovered in 22.5% of the citing documents, involving 121 authors, that is, the citation of a poster as if it were an article published in a prestigious journal. This major error was committed by the more prolific and recognized researchers. The higher the first author’s number of citations, number of publications or h-index, the more major reference errors (citing a “ghost” paper) were committed. Nevertheless, the ScienceDirect database bears some responsibility, as it indexed abstracts of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping meeting as journal articles that had never been published in the prestigious NeuroImage journal. Finally, this case study raises epistemological concerns about research and its dissemination.; Le chercheur, comme tout être humain, est susceptible de commettre des erreurs qui questionnent sa rigueur et son éthique. Cet article propose d’explorer un type d’erreur inédit : le référencement d’un article qui n’existe pas, un article fantôme. Pour ce faire, 174 documents faisant référence à une étude se rapportant à la neuroimagerie d’un saumon mort ont été extraits depuis Google Scholar et étudiés au moyen d’une méthode mixte (quantitatif et qualitatif). Les résultats obtenus montrent que 93,1 % des documents, impliquant 421 co-auteurs, comptent au moins une erreur de référencement. Plus encore, 23,0 % des documents citent un article fantôme. Cette erreur majeure de référencement (citer un article fantôme) est commise par les chercheurs les plus reconnus et cités du corpus. Toutefois, la responsabilité de cette erreur devrait être partagée avec la base de données bibliographique ScienceDirect qui indexe les résumés des posters présentés lors du colloque Organization for Human Brain Mapping comme des articles publiés dans la prestigieuse revue NeuroImage. Enfin, cette étude met en lumière plusieurs problèmes épistémologique inhérents à la pratique de la recherche et à sa diffusion.

Most academic journals have a fairly consistent look: they are structured similarly, their text is divided into similar sections; for example, they have an abstract at the beginning of the manuscript, and their text is usually organized in two columns. There may be different reasons for this similarity, ranging from the need to contain publication costs by using less page space to conforming to an internationally well-accepted format that may be perceived as the hallmark of academic articles. We surveyed 35 medical journals founded before 1960 and looked for their change in format over time and how this was experienced by and explained to readers. We then discussed what recent research has shown about the effects of layout on reading, looking for further explanations as to why this format was so successful.

Several lexica for sentiment analysis have been developed and made available in the NLP community. While most of these come with word polarity annotations (e.g. positive/negative), attempts at building lexica for finer-grained emotion analysis (e.g. happiness, sadness) have recently attracted significant attention. Such lexica are often exploited as a building block in the process of developing learning models for which emotion recognition is needed, and/or used as baselines to which compare the performance of the models. In this work, we contribute two new resources to the community: a) an extension of an existing and widely used emotion lexicon for English; and b) a novel version of the lexicon targeting Italian. Furthermore, we show how simple techniques can be used, both in supervised and unsupervised experimental settings, to boost performances on datasets and tasks of varying degree of domain-specificity., 12 pages, 2 figures

Growing dementia-friendly library services are contributing to community-based dementia care. Emerging community programs in libraries and museums provide notable opportunities for promoting engagement and inclusivity, but these programs have yet to receive in-depth assessments and analyses to guide future research and practice. This paper presents a case study examining a social and storytelling program for people with dementia run by a Canadian public library. It investigates two research questions: How can public library programs contribute to community-based dementia care? And what are public libraries’ strengths and challenges in running programs for people with dementia? The study involves participant observations of the program and semi-structured interviews with people with dementia, caregivers, and program facilitators (librarians and Alzheimer Society coordinators). Through thematic analysis of fieldnotes and transcripts, the study reveals how this inclusive platform supports engagement, fosters relationships, helps caregivers, and reaches broader communities. This research further uncovers the librarians’ diversified roles as demonstrated through their collaboration with professionals, preparation and research, and facilitation of the sessions. This paper advances librarianship research on enriching community-based dementia care, including furthering inclusivity and engagement and extending accessible library services. By analyzing library programming for the dementia community and assessing its strengths and challenges, the paper highlights librarians’ awareness of the community’s evolving needs and their collaboration with other professionals. It offers practical insights on useful resources and emerging best practices that will hopefully inspire other initiatives in which information professionals can help improve the well-being of vulnerable populations.

In this paper, we perform sentiment analysis and topic modeling on Twitter and Facebook posts of nine public sector organizations operating in Northeast US. The study objective is to compare and contrast message sentiment, content and topics of discussion on social media. We discover that sentiment and frequency of messages on social media is indeed affected by nature of organization’s operations. We also discover that organizations either use Twitter for broadcasting or one-to-one communication with public. Finally we found discussion topics of organizations – identified through unsupervised machine learning – that engaged in similar areas of public service having similar topics and keywords in their public messages. Our analysis also indicates missed opportunities by these organizations when communication with public. Findings from this study can be used by public sector entities to understand and improve their social media engagement with citizens.

Legal wiretapping has gained importance in law enforcement along with the development of information and communication technology. Understanding the language of intercepted persons is essential for the success of a police investigation. Hence, intercept interpreters, as we suggest calling them in this article, are hired. Little is known about this specific work at the interface between language and law. With this article, we desire to contribute to closing this gap by focussing particularly on the translational activity. Our study identifies a fragmented field of research due to the difficulty in accessing workers in this specific field who interpret in a highly confidential phase of criminal investigations. The findings, which are drawn from scarce studies and our empirical data derived from an online questionnaire for a pilot study in Switzerland, demonstrate the wide range of the performed activity intercept interpreting. This article is the first to present translational activity from the perspective of intercept interpreters. The activity differs in many ways from interpretation in court hearings or police interviews. Hence, we suggest categorising interlingual intercept interpretation as a translational activity sui generis and—since previous research has not done justice to the ethical and deontological questions that intercept interpretation raises—advocate for further transdisciplinary research in this field of translation.

Both organizations and the information technology (IT) community have long worked to overcome the common problem of dissatisfaction with IT investments’ outcomes in multiple ways. Much attention has been on users’ involvement in IT design, while users’ engagement in later further utilization of IT is less explored. This paper reports on action research (AR) that sought to stimulate local learning processes and increase the exploitation of a case-handling system. The experiment is done in a county administration where the senior management has, for some time, felt that the IT is not fully utilized. The local intervention was based on an awareness of a need to overcome defensive routines to establish communicative spaces to facilitate communication between various units with strong local identities. The AR project was carried out in three local interventions and presented as an experimental approach. We could not guarantee that the design could overcome the issues identified after the first round of interviews with senior management and department managers. The intervention process espoused various defensive routines, even some that the communicative space approach could not overcome. The outcomes from the three experiments are, therefore, mixed. The results indicate that creating communicative spaces is a viable approach to engaging users in systems development. Nevertheless, defensive routines, reluctant managers, and communities of practices hamper the development of communicative spaces.

This article presents a novel extended reality (XR) and deep-learning-based Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoMT) solution for the COVID-19 telemedicine diagnostic, which systematically combines virtual reality/augmented reality (AR) remote surgical plan/rehearse hardware, customized 5G cloud computing and deep learning algorithms to provide real-time COVID-19 treatment scheme clues. Compared to existing perception therapy techniques, our new technique can significantly improve performance and security. The system collected 25 clinic data from the 347 positive and 2270 negative COVID-19 patients in the Red Zone by 5G transmission. After that, a novel auxiliary classifier generative adversarial network-based intelligent prediction algorithm is conducted to train the new COVID-19 prediction model. Furthermore, The Copycat network is employed for the model stealing and attack for the IoMT to improve the security performance. To simplify the user interface and achieve an excellent user experience, we combined the Red Zone's guiding images with the Green Zone's view through the AR navigate clue by using 5G. The XR surgical plan/rehearse framework is designed, including all COVID-19 surgical requisite details that were developed with a real-time response guaranteed. The accuracy, recall, F1-score, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) area of our new IoMT were 0.92, 0.98, 0.95, and 0.98, respectively, which outperforms the existing perception techniques with significantly higher accuracy performance. The model stealing also has excellent performance, with the AUC area of 0.90 in Copycat slightly lower than the original model. This study suggests a new framework in the COVID-19 diagnostic integration and opens the new research about the integration of XR and deep learning for IoMT implementation.

Neural sequence-to-sequence models are the state-of-the-art approach used in abstractive summarization of textual documents, useful for producing condensed versions of source text narratives without being restricted to using only words from the original text. Despite the advances in abstractive summarization, custom generation of summaries (e.g., towards a user’s preference) remains unexplored. In this article, we present CATS, an abstractive neural summarization model that summarizes content in a sequence-to-sequence fashion while also introducing a new mechanism to control the underlying latent topic distribution of the produced summaries. We empirically illustrate the efficacy of our model in producing customized summaries and present findings that facilitate the design of such systems. We use the well-known CNN/DailyMail dataset to evaluate our model. Furthermore, we present a transfer-learning method and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in a low resource setting, i.e., abstractive summarization of meetings minutes, where combining the main available meetings’ transcripts datasets, AMI and International Computer Science Institute(ICSI) , results in merely a few hundred training documents.

Attention models are proposed in sentiment analysis and other classification tasks because some words are more important than others to train the attention models. However, most existing methods either use local context based information, affective lexicons, or user preference information. In this work, we propose a novel attention model trained by cognition grounded eye-tracking data. First,a reading prediction model is built using eye-tracking data as dependent data and other features in the context as independent data. The predicted reading time is then used to build a cognition grounded attention layer for neural sentiment analysis. Our model can capture attentions in context both in terms of words at sentence level as well as sentences at document level. Other attention mechanisms can also be incorporated together to capture other aspects of attentions, such as local attention, and affective lexicons. Results of our work include two parts. The first part compares our proposed cognition ground attention model with other state-of-the-art sentiment analysis models. The second part compares our model with an attention model based on other lexicon based sentiment resources. Evaluations show that sentiment analysis using cognition grounded attention model outperforms the state-of-the-art sentiment analysis methods significantly. Comparisons to affective lexicons also indicate that using cognition grounded eye-tracking data has advantages over other sentiment resources by considering both word information and context information. This work brings insight to how cognition grounded data can be integrated into natural language processing (NLP) tasks.

Children's literature studies has been relatively slow in adopting techniques from digital humanities. This article explains a method for digitising, annotating, and analysing texts in xml to investigate the implicit age norms that children's books convey. The case studies are seventeen books by Bart Moeyaert and La Belle Sauvage by Philip Pullman. The analysis of speech distribution, topic modelling, syntactic parsing, and lexical analysis with digital tools adds information about implicit age norms that can support and inspire narrative analyses with close reading.

This chapter explains the main aspects and the importance of being familiar with research data management (RDM), stressing the centrality of the research data lifecycle and the importance of data sharing, whereby the ideas of the FAIR principles are characterized as a main driver of reuse. The importance of data management plans is emphasized as well. RDM processes such as adding metadata, citing, retrieving, and curating datasets are portrayed. The need for cooperating between disciplinary researchers and different data professionals, such as data librarians and data curators, is highlighted. Moreover, it is underlined that a number of educational programs to data science also contain data management.

En France, le Hcéres place depuis 2018 la bibliométrie d’impact au coeur du processus d’évaluation des unités de recherche en STAPS. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser les effets de ce virage en matière de valorisation des productions en sciences sociales, lors des évaluations de laboratoire comme sur les pratiques scientifiques des principaux intéressés. Les rapports d’évaluation de six laboratoires et douze entretiens réalisés auprès d’enseignants-chercheurs montrent que le nouveau guide des produits de la recherche altère en profondeur leur activité. Il est appliqué avec un zèle qui renforce la centralité du Scimago Journal Ranking, devenu outil normatif d’appréciation. Les enseignants-chercheurs concernés élaborent des stratégies duales pour composer avec ces nouvelles exigences tout en se ménageant des espaces d’expression et de reconnaissance alternatifs., In France, Hcéres has been placing impact bibliometrics at the heart of the evaluation process of sports sciences (STAPS) research units since 2018. This article sets out to analyze the effects of this shift in the valuation of social science productions, during laboratory evaluations as well as on the scholarly practices of the players involved. The evaluation reports of six laboratories as well as twelve interviews with teacher-researchers show that the new guide to the products of research profoundly alters their activity. It is applied with a zeal that reinforces the centrality of SCImago Journal Ranking, which has become a normative tool of appraisal. The teacher-researchers concerned are developing dual strategies in order to cope with these new requirements while also giving themselves alternative spaces for expression and recognition., En Francia, desde 2018 Hcéres sitúa la bibliometría de impacto al centro del proceso de evaluación de las unidades de investigación de STAPS. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los efectos de este cambio en materias de la valoración de las producciones en ciencias sociales, tanto en las evaluaciones de laboratorio como en las prácticas científicas de los actores principales. Los informes de evaluación de seis laboratorios y doce entrevistas realizadas a docentes-investigadores muestran que la nueva guía de productos de investigación afecta profundamente su actividad. Se aplica con un celo que refuerza la centralidad del Scimago Journal Ranking, el cual se ha convertido en una herramienta de evaluación normativa. Los docentes-investigadores afectados desarrollan estrategias duales para hacer frente a estas nuevas exigencias, estableciendo al mismo tiempo, espacios alternativos de expresión y de reconocimiento.

To enable a quick and accurate access of targeted scientific and technological literature from massive stocks, here a deep content-based collaborative filtering method, namely DeepCCF, for personalized scientific and technological literature resources recommendation was proposed. By combining content-based filtering (CBF) and neural network-based collaborative filtering (NCF), the approach transforms the problem of scientific and technological literature recommendation into a binary classification task. Firstly, the word2vec is used to train the words embedding of the papers’ titles and abstracts. Secondly, an academic literature topic model is built using term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and word embedding. Thirdly, the search and view history and published papers of researchers are utilized to construct the model that portrays the interests of researchers. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are then used to learn the nonlinear and complicated high-order interaction features between users and papers, and the top k recommendation list is generated by predicting the outputs of the model. The experimental results show that our proposed method can quickly and accurately capture the latent relations between the interests of researchers and the topics of paper, and be able to acquire the researchers’ preferences effectively as well. The proposed method has tremendous implications in personalized academic paper recommendation, to propel technological progress.

Several recent studies have explored the interaction effects between topics, systems, corpora, and components when measuring retrieval effectiveness. However, all of these previous studies assume that a topic or information need is represented by a single query. In reality, users routinely reformulate queries to satisfy an information need. In recent years, there has been renewed interest in the notion of “query variations” which are essentially multiple user formulations for an information need. Like many retrieval models, some queries are highly effective while others are not. This is often an artifact of the collection being searched which might be more or less sensitive to word choice. Users rarely have perfect knowledge about the underlying collection, and so finding queries that work is often a trial-and-error process. In this work, we explore the fundamental problem of system interaction effects between collections, ranking models, and queries. To answer this important question, we formalize the analysis using ANalysis Of VAriance (ANOVA) models to measure multiple components effects across collections and topics by nesting multiple query variations within each topic. Our findings show that query formulations have a comparable effect size of the topic factor itself, which is known to be the factor with the greatest effect size in prior ANOVA studies. Both topic and formulation have a substantially larger effect size than any other factor, including the ranking algorithms and, surprisingly, even query expansion. This finding reinforces the importance of further research in understanding the role of query rewriting in IR related tasks.

This study analyzes the journal impact factor and related bibliometric indicators in Education and Educational Research (E&ER) category, highlighting the main differences among journal quartiles, using Web of Science (Social Sciences Citation Index, SSCI) as the data source. High impact journals (Q1) publish only slightly more papers than expected, which is different to other areas. The papers published in Q1 journal have greater average citations and lower uncitedness rates compared to other quartiles, although the differences among quartiles are lower than in other areas. The impact factor is only weakly negative correlated (r=-0.184) with the journal self-citation but strongly correlated with the citedness of the median journal paper (r= 0.864). Although this strong correlation exists, the impact factor is still far to be the perfect indicator for expected citations of a paper due to the high skewness of the citations distribution. This skewness was moderately correlated with the citations received by the most cited paper of the journal (r= 0.649) and the number of papers published by the journal (r= 0.484), but no important differences by journal quartiles were observed. In the period 2013–2018, the average journal impact factor in the E&ER has increased largely from 0.908 to 1.638, which is justified by the field growth but also by the increase in international collaboration and the share of papers published in open access. Despite their inherent limitations, the use of impact factors and related indicators is a starting point for introducing the use of bibliometric tools for objective and consistent assessment of researcher.

Teachers are the key to an inclusive and quality education for all. Therefore, training teachers and teacher students and understanding how they learn, including information-seeking behaviours, is crucial. This systematic literature review explores the observed research gap regarding teacher students’ affective information-seeking behaviours. Of specific interest is the research practice context. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guided the review process. Searches were conducted in three key research databases and resulted in 1006 references. Abstracts and titles were screened and assessed using Rayyan software. After screening, 56 publications were chosen for the qualitative synthesis; 17 used qualitative methods and were thereby of interest for the review. The high number of publications resulted in a need to divide the review into two studies. The first part focused on quantitative and mixed methods studies. The results were then analysed through thematic analysis. The results revealed a research gap regarding qualitative methods studies of non-normative and qualitative features of teacher students’ information-seeking behaviours, especially affective behaviours and in research practices. This is the first systematic review of teacher students’ information-seeking behaviours using thematic analysis. Thus, a valuable contribution to information-seeking behaviour and information literacy research has been provided.

Librarianship and Information Science (LIS) studies have undergone a decline in many countries that is visible in various ways, among which are the disappearance of these degree courses in different universities around the world. These studies need to seek new scenarios to avoid becoming obsolete in a world in which information is undergoing constant change. The profile of the Head of Intelligence in general, and of the Intelligence Analyst in particular, can serve to develop new areas of study and research, and new professional careers. This work analyses the training of Intelligence professionals, the organisms related to that field, and the role those professionals play in the Intelligence Cycle in Spain. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the subjects taught in the LIS Degree courses offered in Spanish universities make it possible to highlight a profile that has never as yet been recognized as a career opportunity within these studies – that of the figure of the Intelligence Professional in general, and of the Intelligence Analyst in particular. An exhaustive and detailed content analysis was carried out of the teaching plans of all the subjects in the curricula of the eleven LIS Degree courses taught in Spain during the 2019/2020 academic year in terms of their adaptation to the phases of the Intelligence Cycle. There was found to exist an important set of subjects related to that cycle, which have the possibility of giving rise to a new professional profile in the LIS field: the Intelligence Professional.

[EN] Context: Over the last 30 years, GUIs have changed considerably, becoming everyday part of our lives through smart phones and other devices. More complex GUIs and multitude of platforms have increased the challenges when testing software through the GUI. Objective: To visualise how the field of automated GUI testing has evolved by studying the growth of the field; types of publications; influential events, papers and authors; collaboration among authors; and trends on GUI testing. Method: To conduct a bibliometric analysis of automated GUI testing by performing a systematic search of primary studies in Scopus from 1990 to 2020. Results: 744 publications were selected as primary studies. The majority of them were conference papers, the most cited paper was published on 2013, and the most published author has 53 papers. Conclusions: Automated GUI testing has continuously grown. Keywords show that testing applied to mobile interfaces will be the trend in next years, along with the integration of Artificial Intelligence and automated exploration techniques., We thank Fernando Pastor for his valuable contribution. This research has been funded by DECODER (decoder-project.eu), iv4XR (iv4xrproject.eu), and IVVES (ivves.weebly.com) projects.

Local governments are increasingly developing electronic participation initiatives, expecting citizen involvement in local community affairs Our objective was to assess e-participation and the extent of its change in local government in Greece Using content analysis for 325 Greek municipal websites, we assessed e-participation status in 2017 and 2018 and examined the impact of change between these years The assessment regards two consecutive years since the adoption of digital technologies by municipalities has been rapid The main findings show that Greek local governments have made significant small- to medium-scale changes, in order to engage citizens and local societies electronically We conclude that the integration of advanced digital technologies in municipalities remains underdeveloped We propose that Greek municipalities need to consider incorporating new technologies, such as mobile apps, social media and big data, as well as e-decision making processes, in order to eliminate those obstacles that hinder citizen engagement in local government Moreover, the COVID-19 outbreak has highlighted the need for enhancing e-participation and policymakers’ coordination through advanced digital technologies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Information Polity: The International Journal of Government & Democracy in the Information Age is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )

Public sector organizations are moving from digitalization toward digital transformation. However, this fast-paced and fundamental transformation can be difficult to manage with traditional approaches. One solution is the application of agile methods and adaptive governance. Currently, it is not clear whether the agile mindset can be successfully adopted by public sector organizations, which value stability over agility. To provide a much-needed example of how the agile approach can be introduced in the context of the public sector, this paper presents the findings of a single case study of a municipal IT department. The case shows how the IT department adopted an agile IT management approach in response to the growing demand for digital services and the effects of the digital transformation inside the IT department and throughout the municipality. The findings reveal that introducing agile IT management in public sector IT departments can help improve operational flexibility, collaboration, and customer service despite barriers, such as traditional operational structures, and resistance to change. Consequently, bottom-up agile experiments can drive large-scale agile transformations, especially if such transformations are also accepted at the organizational level. acceptedVersion

Despite the importance of inter-organisational information sharing (IOIS) in the public sector, such endeavours often fail. Existing research has shown that the values held by collaborating organisations are one important factor affecting these kinds of initiatives. However, research has sought only to a limited extent to address how value conflicts come into play over time. Therefore, this paper aims to explore how conflicting values shape an inter-organisational information-sharing practice in the public sector over time. Using the local/global network framework, we analyse four years’ worth of information sharing in an inter-organisational advisory group in the context of Swedish nuclear waste management. We conclude that different value conflicts are emphasised to different extents at different points in time. That is, values do not uniformly affect IOIS activities, and such conflicts over time reduce the set of potential IOIS activities. We also conclude that when IOIS activities are driven by an individual organisation’s values, individual value rational activities may co-exist with a dysfunctional long-term IOIS practice.

Information literacy is a critical topic in contemporary pedagogy and information science, it is ranked among the essential competencies for the 21st century, and in recent years, it has received increasing research interest. The problem, however, is that the research is focused mainly on primary and university (college) contexts and only rarely analyses secondary school settings. This paper, therefore, focuses on a group of high school students and on whether the literature's idea of their needs corresponds to their actual needs. Based on the analysis of 32 documents indexed in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, the paper identifies seven significant discursive areas addressed in the literature, both theoretically and empirically. These are the relationship of libraries and librarians to the development of information literacy, information evaluation, the relationship of information literacy and learning competencies, connection with other competencies, emphasis on constructivist approach, the social dimension of information literacy and its possible use for self-actualization. These topics form a specific research discourse, which they set out. In the second phase of the research, focus groups (8 groups in 4 schools, 41 students) on information literacy are studied through the seven essential discourses mentioned. Although our sample lacked reflections on the relationship between the library and high school students, the remaining six fundamental discourses appeared in the testimonies of high school students (Libraries and librarians, evaluation of information, learning competencies, connection with other literacy, constructivist approach, the social dimension of information literacy, information literacy as a means of self-actualization). The findings show that the main difference between literary discourse and student responses is in the perception of libraries as centres of information literacy development and that students prefer the school or their teachers in their place. Keywords: focus groups, information evaluation, information literacy, media literacy, overview study

PurposeThis paper considers the potential of social media for developing public services. The paper approaches social media as a context that can provide information that might otherwise be unattainable. The focus of analysis is on a special hard-to-reach group of marginalized youths who appear to have isolated themselves from society.Design/methodology/approachThe authors answer the question: How can the experiences of socially withdrawn youth as shared on social media be used to enrich the knowledge base relating to the initiation phase of co-creation of public services? The data retrieved from the Finnish discussion forum are analyzed using the combination of unsupervised machine learning and discourse analysis.FindingsThe paper contributes by outlining a method that can be applied to identify expertise-by-experience from digital stories shared by marginalized youths. To overcome the challenges of making socially withdrawn youths real contributors to the co-creation of public services, this paper suggests several theoretical and managerial implications.Originality/valueCo-creation assumes an interactive and dynamic relationship where value is created at the nexus of interaction. However, the evidence base for successful co-creation, particularly with digital technology, is limited. This paper fills the gap by providing findings from a case study that investigated how social media discussions can be a stimulus to enrich the knowledge base of the co-creation of public services.

PurposeThis study explores whether interdisciplinary components' citation intensity (ICCI) affects papers' scientific impact. In this study, the term “interdisciplinary components” refers to the disciplines that are different from the discipline to which the target research belongs. The citation intensity is the degree of density or sparseness of the paper citation network for a discipline. Previous studies have shown that the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research is influenced by interdisciplinarity and its properties, namely, variety, balance and disparity. However, the effect of ICCI on scientific impact has not been comprehensively explored.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on the entire publication database of the Web of Science for the year 2000, where the authors provide an indicator to measure the ICCI of each publication. A tobit regression model is used to examine the effect of ICCI on scientific impact, controlling for a range of variables associated with the characteristics of the publications studied.FindingsThe results show that ICCI has a positive effect on scientific impact. The authors’ results further point out that ICCI displays a curvilinear inverted U-shape relationship with scientific impact. It means that including more citation-intensive interdisciplinary components can increase the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research. However, excessive use of citation-intensive interdisciplinary components may reduce the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research.Originality/valueThis study shows that, in addition to interdisciplinarity, the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research is also affected by the citation characteristics of interdisciplinary components, namely ICCI.

Approximately 100 Intellectual Property Information Services Centres have been established in Chinese university libraries, more than 80% of them since 2017. The context of this boom in Intellectual Property Information Services Centres is the rapidly increasing number of patent applications in China, as well as an unacceptably low transfer ratio. Do Intellectual Property Information Services Centres represent a promising direction for university library transformation? This is the central issue addressed in this article. The characteristics of the Chinese evolutionary path and driving forces are discussed, and distinctive intellectual property information service practices are studied and summarized. Comparisons are made with the USA, the UK, Europe and India. With Intellectual Property Information Services Centres, university libraries can evolve from information providers to innovation catalysts, and establish closer connections between universities, communities and industries. The impacts of Intellectual Property Information Services Centres on university librarianship are multifaceted. The trends and challenges of intellectual property information services are also discussed in the article.

In December 2019, Covid-19 virus spread from Wuhan, China, to the rest of the world and had profound impact on politics, economy, society, and culture as well as significant effect on libraries and information utilization. This study aimed to propose future directions for library service by analyzing information use behavior of researchers and deriving the requirements through a survey method. As a result, it was initially identified that the data types and search paths used by researchers have changed to using electronic or online resources. Second, it was difficult to access and acquire certain data only available offline along with difficulty in searching and selecting data suitable for the purpose of research, difficulty in grasping the material, and technical problems such as usage method, search, and information use environment were identified. Third, after Covid-19, there has been a change in demand for services people need from libraries. Including the expansion of budget support for securing digital content, free provision of e-books and e-journals for a limited time by publishers, free provision of paid educational content for a certain period, and temporary copyright agreement for works, libraries were required to make efforts to secure information resources available online in response to Covid-19.

PurposeThis study aims to explore under which institutional and organizational conditions the national e-government reform efforts of EU member states lead to very high availability of e-services.Design/methodology/approachFollowing e-government literature of information systems and public administration research, this study applies an analytical framework encompassing characteristics of the national politico-administrative system (state structure, government capacity, managerial innovation orientation and civil service system) to understand why a common policy framework does not lead to convergence but great variety in the degree of e-service availability. A comparative case study approach using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is applied to systematically compare e-service availability in the former 28 EU member states.FindingsThree configurations of sufficient conditions are identified: government capacity in conjunction with either bureaucratic human resource practices, centralized state structure or managerial innovation orientation. Three country clusters are derived: effective bureaucrats, effective centralists and effective managers.Originality/valueThe results demonstrate the importance of administrative effectiveness for the digital transformation. Rather than mimicking best practices, countries are advised to learn from better performing countries that are most similar in terms of institutional and organizational characteristics of the politico-administrative system.

PurposeThis paper seeks to disambiguate the phenomenon by clarifying terms, highlighting current efforts, including the importance of critical thought and awareness, and a test for genuine serendipity.Design/methodology/approachThe authors review the literature, primarily from a library and information science perspective, and arrive at a theoretical framework and model.FindingsThe authors find various initiatives to fight fake news. Building upon Karlova and Fisher's (2013) model as well as research on critical thinking and serendipity, the primary contribution of the paper is a disinformation behavior framework and model. The model includes both the problem of disinformation from a creator and user perspective, as well as the solutions to fight it.Research limitations/implicationsThe framework will guide practitioners and researchers in library and information science and beyond, as well as other stakeholders in both understanding the phenomenon, and leading the fight against it.Originality/valueThe spreading of false information has become an alarming phenomenon in the last few years, leading to the popularity of terms such as misinformation, disinformation, infodemic and fake news. While information professionals have been called upon to lead the fight against fake news, in the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon, current efforts have been isolated and inadequate. Most models of information behavior deal with information, and not misinformation or disinformation per se.

This article identifies the nature of gendered digital divides between male and female youth (aged 15–29) in the context of Bangladesh. As a measuring indicator for technology inclusiveness, this study examines whether a young male or female owns a mobile phone, the most basic means of accessing the Internet. As observed in the descriptive analysis, on average, 46% of young females have a mobile phone, compared to 79% young males. However, such disparity varies across age cohorts and the divides of rural–urban, poor–non-poor, richer–poorer income deciles, etc. To understand whether there is any significant discrimination against women in terms of technology inclusiveness, this study applies the Blinder–Oaxaca (B–O) decomposition technique. The decomposition analysis shows statistically significant discrimination against women in terms of mobile ownership at both the household and the individual level. The factors such as remittances, average years of schooling of the household members, urban residence, household’s income status, etc., significantly reduce discriminatory behaviour towards young females. JEL: D63, O33, I21

The study aimed at linking geographic information systems and their use in library and information science, as they represent spatial and geographical information represented in processing in machine-readable cataloging (MARC) fields, which are represented in the Resources Description and Access in the form of an internationally agreed drawing or scheme, and geographic information is of interest to a wide range of beneficiaries in various fields, and to develop work in the field of libraries and information in light of the rules for characterization and availability of resources and in view of the lack of previous studies dealing with this topic; It was necessary to think about good planning to equip libraries and information centers at a high level so that they would be able to deal with information sources and the correct representation of geographical data through geographic information systems, the study was keen to apply the standards of the analytical and applied approach where all the appropriate fields to represent data geographically are reviewed. and the application of the appropriate subfields to it, the study reached the possibility of using the field 651 specifically and activating the hyperlink feature through it to display more links that include drawings, maps, data, and vital statistics associated with it, and thus the field 651 turns into an interactive feature to display bibliography, geography and information data with linking to all Pages and links via the Internet or in full-text databases as well as abstract databases, and innovative addition to the performance of field 651 to become a descriptive field and a tool for geographical and informational representation at the same time.

This study has a two-fold structure, in its first part exploring various models of experimental literature, proposed by researchers such as Gerald Prince and Warren Motte, as well as theoretical attempts to define and analyze experimental literature in Romania. The second part focuses on the quantitative analysis of keywords related to “the experimental” found in literary histories of Romanian literature authored by E. Lovinescu, G. Călinescu, Nicolae Manolescu, and Mihai Iovănel, as well as The General Dictionary of Romanian Literature and The Chronological Dictionary of the Romanian Novel. By simply searching several pointedly chosen terms in the corpus, a cartography of what is considered to be experimental emerges clearly, alongside its relation to the canon, to the dynamics of literary genres, and to the temporal evolution of Romanian literature.

Objective To analyse the scientific production and collaboration networks on publications in systemic lupus erythematosus in Latin America. Materials and methods Bibliometric study between 1982 and 2018 of journals indexed in Scopus. Data were analysed by annual production and a co-occurrence analysis of the collaboration between countries with VOSviewer was plotted. Results 3843 related documents on systemic lupus erythematosus were recorded between 1982 and 2018 in Scopus. An increasing trend was observed, with a significant increase in the last 20 years, the original articles being the highest percentage (75.4%). Eleven Latin American countries were identified in collaboration with 29 extra-regional countries, with Brazil, Mexico and Argentina having the highest production and scientific collaboration, mainly with the United States and Spain. Conclusion In Latin America, there is a sustained increase in research on systemic lupus erythematosus. Brazil and Mexico generated more than half the publications and are the main collaboration network together with Argentina.

The way politicians communicate with the electorate and run electoral campaigns was reshaped by the emergence and popularization of contemporary social media (SM), such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram social networks (SNs). Due to the inherent capabilities of SM, such as the large amount of available data accessed in real time, a new research subject has emerged, focusing on using the SM data to predict election outcomes. Despite many studies conducted in the last decade, results are very controversial and many times challenged. In this context, this article aims to investigate and summarize how research on predicting elections based on the SM data has evolved since its beginning, to outline the state of both the art and the practice, and to identify research opportunities within this field. In terms of method, we performed a systematic literature review analyzing the quantity and quality of publications, the electoral context of studies, the main approaches to and characteristics of the successful studies, as well as their main strengths and challenges and compared our results with previous reviews. We identified and analyzed 83 relevant studies, and the challenges were identified in many areas such as process, sampling, modeling, performance evaluation, and scientific rigor. Main findings include the low success of the most-used approach, namely volume and sentiment analysis on Twitter, and the better results with new approaches, such as regression methods trained with traditional polls. Finally, a vision of future research on integrating advances in process definitions, modeling, and evaluation is also discussed, pointing out, among others, the need for better investigating the application of state-of-the-art machine learning approaches.

The article considers the organization and management of the processes of digitalization of libraries. The authors give their definition of the concept of a digital library. The paper reviews the advantages of the introduction of information and communication technologies in modern libraries, the demand for innovative digital library platforms from users. The study formulates frequent problems associated with the use of digital innovations, among which are the difficulties of managing electronic library systems. The authors note the lack of compatibility of the functionality of different platforms, which makes it difficult to transfer and adapt them from one library to another, as well as the difficulties of collecting statistics on the attendance of electronic libraries, available to both operators and users.The research paper raises the question about the development of a single standard of statistics for modern digital libraries. The study notes the necessity of creating user-friendly and understandable interfaces in electronic library applications. The problems of financing the services of digital libraries, library personnel, copyright compliance and dissemination of information about the activities of modern libraries as educational and leisure cultural centers are relevant. The authors point to the rethinking of traditional approaches to library management and the work of librarians as one of the most important tasks of organizing library systems.

Past research has explored how travelers make economic decisions, but only a small number of papers look at financial nudges and price anchoring—how they might cause travelers to make snap judgements about value that undermine rational economic principles. This research explores the behavioral response to different kinds of incentives. It finds that, consistent with theory, when presented with two numbers certain individuals will anchor to a higher number and be willing to pay more. Likewise, it finds that certain consumers are not able to quickly make judgements about the cost of travel. When the survey participants were offered daily or monthly payment plans, payments each day were valued almost twice as much as a single payment each month. This offers important policy considerations for public agencies seeking to reduce driving, particularly as new disruptive platforms emerge and new technology allows for more dynamic and curated data to be used to nudge travel behavior.