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Among patients with type 2 diabetes, there exists considerable clinical heterogeneity, with variable mechanisms leading to disease onset. These differences may impact treatment responses and the course of the disease. Subgrouping diabetes aims to foster precision diagnostics to allow precision treatment. It is designed to better understand the diversity/heterogeneity within type 2 diabetes and to provide tailored therapies for specific subgroups of patients. There are two subgrouping approaches. The first is a “simple” method of categorizing patients based on specific clinical factors, which is practical but has not consistently improved clinical outcomes. The “complex” approach utilizes machine learning and considers various clinical and/or genomic data, demonstrating reproducible subgroups and associations with clinical outcomes. Nonetheless, whether these efforts translate into significantly superior outcomes compared to current standard treatments remains to be conclusively established and should be addressed in further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to optimize the rice protein extracted using a response surface methodology. The experiment was designed based on a CCD (Central Composite Design), and the independent variables were the high pressure (X1, 0-400 MPa) and processing time (X2, 0-10 minutes). The results of the extraction content (Y1), residue content (Y2), and recovery yield (Y3) were fitted to a response surface methodology model (R2= 0.92, 0.92, and 0.93, respectively). Increasing the pressure and processing time has a positive effect on the extraction content (Y1), residue content (Y2), and recovery yield (Y3). Therefore, these high-pressure conditions (independent variables) can significantly affect the improvement in rice protein extraction efficiency. Thus, the optimal conditions of X1 and X2 were 400 MPa and 10 min., respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the predicted values of Y1, Y2, and Y3 were 62.93, 57.53 mg/g, and 91.76%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to optimize the mandarin dry chip manufacturing using a response surface methodology. The experiment was designed based on a CCD (Central Composite Design), and the independent variables were the drying temperature (X1, 50-90oC), drying time (X2, 12-36 hours), and microwave pretreat time (X3, 0-4 minutes). The results of appearance (Y5), color (Y6), taste (Y8) and overall acceptance (Y10) were fitted to the response surface methodology model (R2=0.86, 0.88, 0.89, and 0.84, respectively). Increasing the drying temperature and microwave treatment time were negatively evaluated for consumer acceptance. On the other hand, a high value of consumer acceptance was evaluated when the drying time was more than 24 hr. Therefore, the optimal conditions of X1, X2, and X3 were 52.989oC, 24 hr, and 1 min, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the predicted values of Y5, Y6, Y8, and Y10 were 5.066, 5.338, 5.063, and 5.339, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to develop a peach spread premix to increase the usability of peaches with low storage stability. We analyzed the effect of adding different ratio of peach powder (0, 5, 10, 15%) on the physicochemical and sensory quality characteristics of peach spread premix. The result showed that the pH of the spread premix significantly decreased with the addition of greater amounts of peach powder (p<0.05). The total titratable acidity (TTA) and sweetness of the peach spread premix were significantly increased as the amount of added peach powder increased (p<0.05). The redness (a-value) and yellowness (b-value) increased with an increase of the peach powder ratio; however, the lightness (Lvalue) decreased (p<0.05). The water activity and viscosity of the spread decreased with an increased amount of added peach powder. The results of the sensory test with spread premix prepared with 10% peach powder had the highest score for color, taste, texture, stickiness, and overall acceptability (p<0.05). We suggested that the peach spread premix made with 10% peach powder may be the most desirable for manufacturing spread premix and for improving sensory preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To use external knowledge for Creative product, This study suggests the model of Technological entrepreneurship, Absorptive capacity - Potential absorptive capacity(PACAP), Realized absorptive capacity (RACAP), Creative product and moderating effect of Motivation. This model was set up though literature research method. Empirical analysis was conducted by using 487 questionnaires from workers of electronic industry in Kyung-buk. Results of study are as followings; 1. Technological entrepreneurship related positively to Creative product. 2. Creative product was affected through process in order of Technological entrepreneurship, PACAP, RACAP. 3. Intrinsic motivation strengthens the relation between Technological entrepreneurship and PACAP. 4. Extrinsic motivation strengthens the relation between PACAP and RACAP. This results will contribute to the improvement of Creativity and the utilization of external knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of peach jelly following the addition of various gelling agents (locust bean gum, carrageenan, xanthan gum). The various gelling agents were added to peach jelly at five levels (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%), after which their effects on physicochemical properties, textural properties and sensory qualities were investigated. The total titratable acidity (TTA) of peach jelly was decreased with increases in gelling agent. Additionally, the sweetness and pH of peach jelly increased significantly as the amount of various gelling agents increased. Moreover, the lightness (L-value), redness (a-value) and yellowness (b-value) of peach jelly was decreased as the amount of gelling agent. Furthermore, the hardness, gumminess and chewiness of the peach jelly increased as the amount of gelling agent increased. Finally, the overall acceptance was higher for jelly containing 2.0% added gelling agent than for other samples. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that mixed gelling agents be added to peach jelly at 2.0%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve Organization’s creative product by using external knowledge and information. This study suggests the procedure among Entrepreneurship, absorptive capacity(Potential absorptive capacity, Realized absorptive capacity), Creative product. To the empirical analysis of the theoretical relationship, The research model was set up through literature research. method Empirical analysis was conducted using total 487 questionnaires from worker of electronic industry in Kyung-buk region. the results of this study are as followings; First, Entrepreneurship related positively to Creative product. Second, Creative product was affected through process in order of Entrepreneurship, Potential absorptive capacity, Realized absorptive capacity. This results contribute to the improvement of organization’s Creativity and the utilization of external knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Korea is rapidly becoming a multicultural society in recent years, and the number of multicultural families in 2015 exceeds 3.5% and 800,000. Also, as international marriage rate exceeds 10% by 2016, the number of multicultural families is expected to steadily increase. This study is a design of a metadata application profile as part of the foundation for providing learning resources and content tailored to the needs and preferences of married immigrant women and multicultural family members who need to adapt to Korean society. In order to verify the necessity of the research, we conducted an in-depth interview by screening consumer groups, and analyzed the relevant international and Korean national standards as de-jure standards for the design of metadata standard profiles. Then, we analyzed the contents characteristics for multicultural members, and organized the necessary metadata elements into profiles. We defined the mandatory/optional conditions to reflect the needs of content providers. This study is meaningful in that the study analyzes the educational needs of married immigrant women and presents the necessary metadata standards to develop and service effective educational content, such as korean-to-korean conversion system, personalized learning contents recommendation service, and learning management system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reproductive disorders in cows cause economic loss in livestock farms. Reproductive diseases, such as follicular cyst, luteal cyst, endometritis, pyometra, and repeat breeding cause infertility. Among these diseases, endometritis and pyometra are uterine infections that are leading causes of infertility. This study was performed to investigate the causative agents of uterine diseases using bacterial culture. Bacteria were obtained from the reproductive organs (vagina, uterine cervix, and uterine horn) of dairy cow diagnosed with endometritis or pyometra, and cultured on blood agar. The colonies obtained from cultivation for 24 hours were passaged. To identify the bacteria, the colonies grown in passaged culture Gram stained and applied to an automatic biochemical microbial identification system. Escherichia coli were commonly detected in vagina, uterine cervix, and uterine horn of dairy cows diagnosed to pyometra. The cows having endometritis showed not only Escherichia coli but also Pantoea spp. and Klebsiella spp. strains. Dairy cows that were infected with Escherichia coli in uterus caused mastitis or digestive disease. These results suggest that sanitary feeding and management beforehand are needed to prevent bacterial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]