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This study compared research trends in universities general English program before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. After analyzing 248 articles from KCI using frequency analysis, centrality analysis, and topic modeling, this study found consistent keywords indicating a focus on learning objectives, effectiveness analysis, satisfaction surveys, and level-based learning before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Centrality analysis revealed keywords like "teaching, research, analysis" before COVID-19 and "satisfaction, study, level, activity, effect" after COVID-19, indicating a shift towards learner satisfaction, level-based learning, and effectiveness analysis due to the transition to online learning. Topic modeling revealed shifts in research trends: Pre-COVID-19 focused on effective teaching methods, evaluation techniques, and cultural content, while Post-COVID-19 prioritized online teaching methods, web-based platforms, and selfdirected learning. Future research should address self-directed learning, attitudes and goal setting, closing learning gaps in online/blended learning, and developing effective online assessment tools and evaluation strategies. This study provides valuable insights and directions for further research in general English programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common type of seizure in the first 5 years of life and are frequently associated with viral infections. Influenza infection is associated with a variety of neurological conditions, including FSs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical implications of influenza infection in FSs. Methods: In total, 388 children with FS were divided into two groups: FS with influenza infection (n=75) and FSs without influenza infection (n=313). Their medical records, including seizure type, frequency, duration, and familial history of FSs or epilepsy, were retrospectively reviewed and the clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results: In total, 75 of the 388 children (19.3%) had FSs associated with influenza infection; such children were significantly older than those with FSs without influenza infection (34.9± 22.3 months vs. 24.4± 14.2 months; P <0.001). The children who had more than two febrile seizures episodes were more prevalent in children with FS with influenza infection [40/75 (53.3%) vs. 92/313 (29.4%); P <0.01]. Children older than 60 months were more likely to have influenza infection compared to those aged less than 60 months [11/22 (50%) vs. 64/366 (17.5%); P=0.001]. Conclusion: Influenza infection may be associated with FSs in older children, and with recurrence of FSs. Its role in the development of afebrile seizures or subsequent epilepsy requires further investigation with long-term follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Menkes disease is a rare, neurodegenerative, copper metabolism disorder characterized by mutations in ATP7A gene. Clinical symptoms include epilepsy, growth delay, reduced muscle strength, skin hyperextension, hair deformation and urologic abnormalities. However, since these clinical symptoms occur 2-3 months after birth, early diagnosis of Menkes disease is very difficult for clinicians. We report here the case of a patient who initially presented urinary tract infection followed by neurologic symptoms of Menkes disease; he was accurately diagnosed via ATP7A genetic analysis and found to harbor a novel mutation. Although neurological symptoms are the primary diagnostic feature of Menkes disease, clinicians should take into account urinary abnormalities as well, which may be an important clue to the early diagnosis of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This is a descriptive study conducted in order to survey sleep patterns and factors responsible for sleep disturbance among adolescent cancer patients after hospital admission. Methods: The study group included 46 adolescent cancer patients aged 10 to 19 who received admission care in multi-bed hospital rooms from March to June 2016. Data on patterns and quality of sleep, and factors causing sleep disturbance were recorded using the Verran and Snyder-Halpern (VSH) Sleep Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and a sleep disturbance questionnaire. Results: There was no difference in patterns and quality of sleep prior to and after hos- pital admission in the study group. However, patients experienced sleep disturbance, as defined by PSQI > 5, both before (5.43) and after (6.30) admission. The most important physical, emotional and environmental factors causing sleep disturbance after admission were nocturnal diuresis, monotony of admission care, and crying of younger patients respectively. Conclusion: This study focused on sleep patterns and factors causing sleep disturbance after hospital admission for adolescent cancer patients. Future studies should aim to develop nursing interventions resulting in an environment that improves sleep quality. Additional studies should focus on develop- ing daytime programs to determine the impact of admission care on other quality of life parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate an educational effect of the mammography boot camp (MBC) for radiology residents and analyze affecting factors. Materials and Methods: Between December 2014 and February 2015, radiology residents in 16 institutions performed the MBC program. We compared the educational effect (score difference between pre- and post-camp test) using 25 case series and analyzed the affecting factors including institution, grades of residents, training periods, presence of sub-specialized breast staff, breast density, and types of cases. Results: The mean scores of 92 residents were 52.80 ± 18.10 and 72.50 ± 12.91 in the pre- and post-camp test, respectively (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference of educational effect according to institution (19.70 ± 16.31), grade, or training period. Although the educational effect of non-trainees was superior to that of trainees (28.10 ± 17.55 vs. 15.90 ± 14.22; p = 0.001), the scores of trainees were higher than those of non-trainees. The diagnostic accuracy showed more improvement in a fatty breast and cases with microcalcifications than compared with others. Conclusion: The MBC showed an effective educational result for radiology residents when interpretating a mammography. It was helpful even for non-trainees. The institution, grades training period, and presence of sub-specialized breast staff did not affect the educational effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of health screening is to reduce disease-related mortality and related medical costs through the early detection and treatment of specific diseases. However, if the quality of public health screening is poor, it not only fails to achieve the purpose of screening, but may also increase the demand for expensive individual opportunistic health examinations. To prevent these adverse situations, the Basic Act for Health Screening was established in 2010, and quality assessment of medical institutions for cancer screening has been performed from 2008. Radiologists have an integral role in radiologic examinations for screening; thus the Korean Society for Radiology has made a substantial effort to participate in quality control and improvement of the imaging quality for public health screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) or Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease are a rare, self-limited lymphadenopathy accompanied by fever and various extranodal manifestations. Although neurological complications occasionally occur in HNL, cerebellar symptoms are very rare. Here we report a 15-year-old male patient who was admitted to Kyung Hee University College of Medicine complaining of headache, fever, and axillary lymph node enlargement. The patient did not respond to antibiotics. We performed excisional biopsies on the involved lymph nodes. We diagnosed HNL and the patient initially seemed to recover. However, the headache and fever then worsened and he developed diplopia, ataxia, and action tremor on the 5th hospital day. An action tremor was evident on conducting the finger to nose test, he failed the Romberg test and tandem gait. Cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and an elevated protein level were noted. Viral and tuberculosis markers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were all negative. We diagnosed him as having HNL accompanied by aseptic meningitis and cerebellitis, which were suspected to be associated with an immunemediated mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy among Korean women. The 2002 National Cancer Center screening guideline breast cancer was revised via an evidence-based approach to provide medical personnel with a standard protocol of screening breast cancer. There is moderate-level evidence that biennial screening mammography in asymptomatic women aged 40 to 69 reduces breast cancer mortality, while low-level evidence suggests that screening mammography in women 70 years or older does not reduce breast cancer mortality. The committee concluded that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the benefits and harms of either ultrasonography or clinical breast examination as screening modalities for breast cancer. Future researches about the benefits and harms of the National Breast Cancer Screening Program in Korea are strongly required because the characteristics of breast cancer in Korea are different from those in the West, especially regarding dense breast. In conclusion, the committee recommends biennial screening mammography in asymptomatic women aged 40 to 69 years (grade B recommendation). The committee recommends selective screening mammography in women 70 years or older according to individual risk and preference (grade C recommendation). The committee neither recommends nor opposes ultrasonography and clinical breast examination as screening modalities (grade I recommendation). Symptomatic and high-risk women, however, should be offered complementary measures including ultrasonography and clinical breast examination under clinical supervision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agenesis of dorsal pancreas (ADP) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly defined as an absence of the dorsal ductal system resulting from failure in the embryologic development of the pancreatic dorsal bud. Most of ADP patients are asymptomatic but some of them suffer recurrent pancreatitis and diabetes. Few number of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in association with ADP has been published previously in other countries. There was no such case reported in Korea. We report a case diagnosed as pancreatic adenocarcinoma with ADP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the interpreting performance of mammograms between residents trained in breast imaging and radiologists who attended the mammography boot camp (MBC) suggesting directions for training in breast imaging. Materials and Methods: We compared the performance of 61 residents trained in breast imaging for more than 2 months at 21 institutions with that o f 141 radiologists who attended MBC using the same test case series. We compared mean scores and rates o f correct answers between the two groups and examined residents' mean scores varied by institution. Results: Residents' mean score was 60.9 土 12.2 and radiologists' mean scores were 56.0 ± 12.2 (p = 0.004) and 78.3 ± 9.2 (p く 0.001) before and after camp, respectively. Residents were superior to pre-camp radiologists in interpreting microcalcifi cations (70.5% vs. 56.4%; p < 0.001) and true-negative cases (71.8% vs. 59.2%; p < 0.001). They were inferior to post-camp radiologists in interpreting mass/asymme try (56.7% vs. 86.6%; p < 0.001) and microcalcifications (70.5% vs. 90.3%; p < 0.001). The mean score of all institutions except one was 61.8 土 9 A Conclusion: Trained residents' interpreting performance of mammograms is superior to that of pre-camp radiologists but inferior to that of post-camp radiologists. Substantial training in interpreting mammograms during residency is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]