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The recent increase in the number of people with diabetes and the high incidence of complications carry a significant socioeconomic burden in addition to the disease burden and impact on personal health. Therefore, the Korean Diabetes Association and the Korean government have been making efforts to prevent the progression from pre-diabetes to diabetes through screening tests and to reduce diabetes complications and associated mortality in diabetic patients. Several studies in Korea have shown that glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) provides complementary information to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and improves clinical utility for diabetes screening. We hope that this consensus meeting will serve as an opportunity to identify additional diabetic patients who have not been diagnosed through a combination of FPG and HbA1c during a medical check-up. Our study is aimed to significantly reduce the lead time between diabetes onset and clinical diagnosis and initiation of diabetes treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have dyslipidemia, which is characterized by increased triglycerides, decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Dyslipidemia is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore active management is essential. Despite its increasing prevalence, the proportion of patients with adequately-controlled dyslipidemia is small, and efforts to improve this pattern are required. The Korean Diabetes Association guidelines recommend setting goals by evaluating each patient’s future CVD risk, including the presence or absence of CVD, target organ damage, major cardiovascular risk factors, and the duration of DM. The primary target is an LDL-C level below 55 mg/ dL (and a reduction in LDL-C level by 50% or more from baseline), 70 mg/dL, and 100 mg/dL from the highest risk group to the lowest risk group, respectively. Statins are the first-line drug of choice, and if the LDL-C target is not reached by a maximum tolerable dose of statin, combination therapy with ezetimibe or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors is recommended. In hypertriglyceridemia, lifestyle changes including weight loss and abstinence from alcohol are very important, along with glycemic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) utilizes the client’s strengths and resources to the fullest to achieve what the client wants, rather than looking at the client’s problem pathologically and digging deeper into analysis. Therefore, in this article, we would like to introduce a SFBT that can be usefully applied to the education and counseling of diabetic patients in the clinical field. Pre-session change questions, rewarding questions, miracle questions, exception-finding questions, scaling questions, relationship questions, and coping questions used in SFBT consist of the questions that allow the client to answer positively. In this process, a medical social worker pays full attention to remarks that suggest clues to the client’s potential for change, the change the client wants, past experiences that have been successful, and what has already been attempted to make the situation better. Also, when setting goals, it’s important to target positive behaviors rather than eliminate the problem and what’s important to the patient and small, specific, clear, and actionable things. SFBT no longer focuses on or talks about the client’s problem. The client has the resources and strengths to solve the problem. Rather than exploring the cause of the problem, it is important to find a clue to the solution and connect it to actual action, so you can use the solution question techniques to get the client to practice using their strengths. In the treatment field, we recommend that the client remember and ask a few questions with the belief that they can solve them on their own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although type 1 diabetes remains more common among children and adolescents, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes among children, adolescents, and young adults is dramatically increasing. Young-onset type 2 diabetes exhibits a stronger family history, a greater association with obesity, early loss of insulin secretion capacity with insulin resistance, early onset and rapid progression of chronic complications, and frequent need for early introduction of insulin. Therefore, the management of type 2 diabetes in this age group is challenging and there are age-specific concerns. Young-onset type 2 diabetes affects more individuals of working age, increasing the adverse societal effects of the disease. This article describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both diabetes mellitus and cancer are common diseases whose incidence is increasing globally. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that the prevalence of cancer is increasing in diabetic patients, and both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia may lead to poor prognosis and complications in such patients undergoing cancer therapy. Nevertheless, managing glucose in patients with diabetes and cancer can pose a significant clinical challenge. As there are no evidence-based guidelines for treating diabetes in patients with cancer, an individualized approach is required. Diabetes self-management education is a critical element of care for cancer patients with diabetes. We discuss the management of diabetes in relation to cancer surgery, chemotherapy including glucocorticoids, and enteral and parenteral nutrition. We also discuss management of hyperglycemia in patients with advanced cancer approaching end of life care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]