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Purpose: The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate the effect of a mind map for relief of emotional labor and burnout among nurses in outpatient departments in cancer hospitals. Methods: We developed a mind map to reduce emotional labor and burnout. A quasi-experimental study was used with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from December 2012 to April 2013. Participants were 35 nurses working in the outpatient department of a cancer hospital. The experimental group participated in the mind map program biweekly for 10 weeks. Data were analyzed using x2-test, Mann-Whitney U test, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon sign rank test with the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The physical burnout and total burnout scores decreased significantly in the intervention group which took the mind map program. Conclusion: Findings indicate that the mind map is an effective intervention to reduce burnout in outpatient department nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]