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Objectives: In order to improve the inversion accuracy of cylindrical oil tank height from satellite imagery, this paper introduces a height inversion model of oil tank using satellite imagery with the same name arc distance (SNAD). Methods: First, we define the concept of SNAD and clarify several main geometric elements and the physical meanings of oil tank on satellite image. Then, considering the isotropic characteristics of the cylindrical oil tank, we propose a height inversion model based on imaging simulation under multiple strategic conditions. Finally, we clarify each parameter in the inversion model and deduce the calculation method of key parameters. In order to verify the accuracy and applicability of the proposed model, we invert the height of two types of oil tanks in four high-resolution satellite images and compare with the conventional methods. Results: The proposed model can effectively realize the detection of SNAD and height inversion of cylindrical oil tank in multi-satellite images. The root mean square error of the proposed model ranges from 0.50 m to 1.00 m, with an average value of 0.78 m, while that of the conventional model ranges from 9.28 m to 9.59 m, with an average value of 9.44 m. The standard deviation of the proposed model ranges from 0.35 m to 0.63 m, with an average value of 0.46 m, while that of the conventional model ranges from 6.50 m to 6.69 m, with an average value of 6.60 m. Conclusions: The proposed model has the advantages of high inversion accuracy, excellent stability, strong universality, convenience and efficiency. It can provide a new solution to carry out oil tank height inversion based on high-resolution satellite image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the application prospect of the most extensive genome engineering pig internationally in preclinical xenotransplantation. Methods Porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) knockout combined with 3 major heterologous antigen gene knockouts and 9 humanized genes for inhibition of complement activation, regulation of coagulation disorders, anti-inflammatory and anti-phagocytosis were transferred into a pig (PERV-KO/3-KO/ 9-TG) as a donor, and the heart, liver and kidney were obtained and transplanted to 3 Rhesus macaque recipients respectively to establish a preclinical research model of pig-to-Rhesus macaque xenotransplantation. The functional status of xenografts after blood flow reconstruction was observed and the survival of recipients was summarized. The hemodynamics of xenografts were monitored. The change of hematological indexes of each recipient was compared. The histopathological manifestation of xenografts was observed. Results After the blood flow was reconstructed, all xenografts showed ruddy color, soft texture and good perfusion. The transplant heart, liver and kidney showed full arterial and venous blood flow and good perfusion at 1 d after operation. The postoperative survival time of heart, liver, and kidney transplant recipients was 7, 26, and 1 d, respectively. The levels of creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, and lactate dehydrogenase increased in heart transplant recipient at 1 d after operation, and gradually recovered to near normal levels at 6 d after operation. All indexes increased sharply at 7 d after operation. The level of aspartate aminotransferase increased in liver transplant recipients at 2 d after operation, and the alanine aminotransferase basically returned to normal at 10 d after operation, but the total bilirubin continued to increase. Both aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase increased at 12 d after operation, and reached a peak at 15 d after operation. The kidney transplant recipient developed mild proteinuria at 1 d after operation, and died of sudden severe arrhythmia. Histopathology showed that the tissue structure of cardiac and renal xenografts was close to normal, and liver xenografts presented with patchy necrosis, the liver tissue structure was disordered, accompanied by inflammatory damage, interstitial hemorrhage and thrombotic microangiopathy. Conclusions PERV-KO/3-KO/9-TG pig shows advantages in overcoming hyperacute rejection, mitigating humoral rejection and coagulation dysregulation. However, whether it can be used as potential donor for clinical xenotransplantation needs further evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]