Search

Objective: To explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on stress response, psychological elasticity and immune function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and to provide reference for improving the rehabilitation effect of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. Methods: According to the coin toss method, 80 patients with laparoscopic radical nephrectomy admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. 40 patients in the control group received routine intervention, and 40 patients in the observation group received cognitive behavioral therapy intervention. The changes of clinical basic indexes, stress response, psychological elasticity, immune function and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, the exhaust time, catheter indwelling time, off-bed activity time and hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05 ). After intervention, the levels of cortisol and epinephrine and the scores of psychological resilience in the two groups were higher than those before intervention (P<0.05 ), and the levels of cortisol and epinephrine in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the scores of psychological resilience were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). After intervention, the levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/ CD8+ in the two groups were higher than those before intervention, and the level of CD8+ was lower than that before intervention (P<0.05 ). The levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/ CD8+ in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the level of CD8+ was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of quality of life in the two groups after intervention were higher than those before intervention (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The intervention of cognitive behavioral therapy in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephrectomy can not only effectively improve the negative emotions of patients, improve their mental elasticity, but also reduce the stress response of patients, improve the immune function of the body, and accelerate the postoperative rehabilitation process, which is worthy of clinical reference and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 598 Hu-sheep's nasal swabs were collected form four large-scale sheep farms in Susong, Wangjiang and Huoshan counties of Anhui Province according to the 90% confidence interval. A total of 445 strains were detected after separation, purification, morphological and molecular identification. The dominant strains of opportunistic pathogens are Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was low. A total of 7 strains of 3 kinds of respiratory pathogenic bacteria were detected, including 1 strain of Pasteurella, 1 strain of Streptococcus and 5 strains of Acinetobacter baumanni. Among them, Huoshan County had the highest detection. rate of respiratory pathogens (2.24%), followed by Susong County (2.13%). While the samples from two sheep farms in Wangjiang County did not detect the above respiratory pathogens. This study has guiding significance for rational selection of sensitive drugs for scientific prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in Hu sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acanthus ebracteatus is a special kind of rare mangrove plant, possessing great medicinal value. In this paper, in order to study the diversity of endophytic and rhizosphere culturable bacteria in the A. ebracteatus, we explored new potential bacterial species and strains with special biological activities. The culturable bacteria were isolated from A. ebracteatus by dilution separation method. The bacterial diversity was investigated based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In addition, the confrontation experiment and lawn predation assay were utilized to screen bacteria with anti-microorganism activities. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 144 culturable bacteria were isolated from A. ebracteatus root, stems, leaves, flowers and rhizosphere soil. These bacteria were affiliated into 66 species based on the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The bacterial genera Bacillus and Streptomyces were dominant in plant tissue and rhizosphere soil with that of the value 15.1% and 13.6%, respectively.(2)The bioactivity assays revealed that there were 29 strains with anti-fungal activity and 10 strain possessing a broad spectrum of anti-fungal activity. Among them, the Streptomyces strains had the strongest antagonistic effect, and the active strain Y129 was a potential new species.(3)A total of five strains showed predation activity on Staphylococcus aureus, multi-drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas had the strongest predatory activity, and the active strain Y90 was a potential new species. In conclusion, A. ebracteatus and their rhizosphere soil contain rich bacterial germplasm resources and have a variety of functional strains, which can be used as one of the sources of biocontrol bacteria and medicinal bacteria. This study provides the theoretical reference for improving the efficacy and cultivation of A. ebracteatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is worth noting that the impacts of Xiaolangdi Project construction and operation on the ecological service value of its upstream and downstream riparian zones. Therefore, this paper divided the upstream and downstream riparian zones affected by the Xiaolangdi Project into different sections, and utilized the equivalent factor method to assess the changes of different sections' riparian ecosystem service values during the project' s construction and operation period. The results show that it appears a decreasing trend in the land use area of the riparian farmland and grassland ecosystem during the project' s construction period; the project has caused a positive impact on the ecosystem service value during the early operation period, and the greatest impacts are found in Liaocheng-Binzhou section; during the later operation period, the positive impacts are weakened, while the negative impacts are enhanced when human activities along the superposition are added, among which the estuary area is suffered the most. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To report a clinical case of tumor-induced hypophosphorus osteomalacia (TIO), and to improve clinicians' understanding of the disease. Methods The clinical manifestations, laboratory, imaging, pathological and treatment follow-up of a TIO patient were analyzed and summarized. Results This case supported the diagnosis of adult hypophosphorus osteomalacia and the right lower abdominal mass was removed by surgical operation. The pathological diagnosis accorded with phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, FGF-23 staining showed positive. After operation, the levels of blood phosphorus?returned to normal quickly and urinary phosphorus decreased. The patient was treated with appropriate calcium and vitamin D preparations. The pain was completely relieved and the gait returned to normal on 12-week following up. The bone turnover markers, serum calcium and phosphorus were normal on 24-week following up. The bone mineral density was normol and the patient was clinically cured at 36-week. Conclusion An adult patient with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia without family history should be suspected as tumor-induced osteomalacia. Surgical resection of the tumor is the first of choice of treatment. FGF-23 positive confirmed the diagnosis of Tumor-induced osteomalacia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称"新冠肺炎”)瘦情期间,采取安全管理措施,全方位保护医护和患者安全,可有效避 免新冠肺炎感染的发生。依赖于完善的制度、唷力的监督、有效的防护及各方人员的积极配合,该院妇产科全体医护人员、妇产科 惠者及家属、所有新生儿均未出现感染。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones to help the regulation of the body's metabolism. The under-activity and over-activity of thyroid hormone cause hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The malfunction of thyroid hormone will lead to thyroid disease. In real medical conditions, thyroid disease data belong to typical imbalanced data. Traditional machine learning methods ignored the different structure (different imbalanced data varies in imbalanced ratio, dimension and the number of classes) among the imbalanced datasets. Consider the occurrence of imbalance and different structure among the thyroid disease data, this paper proposes an adaptive multiple classifier system (AMCS) for the imbalanced data distribution and variable types in different datasets. An adaptive multiple classifier system is constructed to select the optimal learning model to assist in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases adaptively. The adaptive multiple classifier system (AMCS) was formed by re-sampling, ensemble framework, feature selection, base classifiers and ensemble rules. The most popular algorithms are treated as candidates and the optimal algorithm in each component of MCS will be combined to deal with the classification task in an unique routine. Ten thyroid datasets with diverse structure are taken from KEEL and UCI for the experiment. The experimental results show that performance of the proposed approach is a competitive assistant in thyroid disease diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the feasibility of osteoarthritis (OA) model in rabbits by injuring medial meniscus so as to understand the role of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in pathological mechanism of articular cartilage and synovial fluid of OA model in rabbits. Methods We randomly divided 40 New Zealand white rabbits into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=10). Pathological changes in articular cartilage of the femoral condyle were scored at weeks 2, 6 and 12 after surgery. We detected the expressions of IL-1β and MMP-13 by immunohistochemistry. The cell fractions of IL-1β and MMP-13 were recorded by ELISA. Results The articular cartilage score and HE staining significantly differed at various time points of gross and pathological observation between control group and experimental group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that IL-1β was expressed in both groups and that the cell fraction differed significantly at weeks 6 and 12 (P<0.05), but not at week 2 between the two groups. MMP-13 protein expression was not detected in articular condrocytes in control group, but was detected in experiment group with a significant difference (P<0.05). IL-1β expression was consistent in articular cartilage and synovial fluid. Conclusion The reasonable rabbit animal OA model could be established by knee meniscus injury caused by surgical method. Expressions of IL-1β and MMP-13 change obviously in the pathomechanism of OA. Further clinical studies are needed to determine whether they can be used as markers in early diagnosis of OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors in bone tissues of rat femoral head and to explore the relationship between necrosis of femoral head and glucocorticoid. Methods Twenty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into glucocorticoid group and control group, with 10 rats in each. Glucocorticoid group was treated with intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone twice a week. The control group received normal saline of the same volume. Four weeks later, bone tissues of left femoral head were collected from each group of rats for HE determination of femoral head necrosis. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) at mRNA and protein levels were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot techniques, respectively. Results The expressions of MMP-1 and MMP-2 at mRNA and protein levels were higher in glucocorticoid group than those in the control group. However, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 gene and protein expression levels were lower in glucocorticoid group (all P<0.05). Conclusion The expressions of MMPs in bone tissues of rat femoral head in early necrosis were increased, but their inhibitors had decreased expressions. We can draw the conclusion that glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of femoral head may be related to its regulation of the expression levels of MMPs and their related inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the correlation factors for femoral head necrosis after internal fixation in femoral neck fracture. Methods We made a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 145 patients who underwent femoral neck fracture fixation surgery in our hospital between January 2014 and June 2015. We compared the clinical data of 29 patients with postoperative femoral head necrosis with those of the other patients treated at the same period. Logistic regression analysis was made to compare age, sex, surgery type, fracture type (Garden classification), quality of reduction, post-injury operation time, intraoperative traction, load time, internal fixation and other factors to explore the possible risk factors for postoperative femoral head necrosis. Results Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that fracture type (Garden classification), quality of reduction, and preoperative traction were significantly correlated with postoperative femoral head necrosis (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that fracture type (Garden classification), quality of reduction, preoperative traction had significant correlation (P<0.05). Conclusion Fracture type (Garden classification), quality of reduction, and preoperative traction are risk factors for femoral head necrosis after femoral neck fracture fixation. Age, sex, surgery type, surgery time after injury, and internal fixation are not closely related to postoperative femoral head necrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的　观察半月板损伤导致的滑膜炎患者滑膜滑液中基质金属蛋白酶３（ＭＭＰ-３）、基质金属蛋白酶９ （ＭＭＰ-９）和基质金属蛋白酶１３（ＭＭＰ-１３）的表达变化。方法　１２８ 例半月板损伤患者，根据是否有伴有滑膜炎分 为半月板损伤诱发滑膜炎者８１ 例（观察组）和单纯半月板损伤者４７ 例（对照组）。分别采用荧光定量ＰＣＲ 法和免 疫组化法检测两组滑膜组织中ＭＭＰ-３、ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３ ｍＲＮＡ 和蛋白，采用ＥＬＩＳＡ 法检测两组滑液ＭＭＰ-３、 ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３。结果　观察组滑膜组织中ＭＭＰ-３、ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３ ｍＲＮＡ 相对表达量分别为３. １２ ± 0. ４１、 ２. １0 ±0. ２４、３. 0１ ±0. ３0，对照组分别为１. ５３ ± 0. ３５、0. ８７ ± 0. １８、１. １２ ± 0. ２１，Ｐ 均＜ 0. 0５；观察组滑膜组织中 ＭＭＰ-３、ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３ 蛋白相对表达量分别为３９４. １ ±２0. ６、１７0. ５ ± １４. ８、１９0. ７ ± １３. ６，对照组分别为２0４. ５ ±１５. ３、９0. ３ ±８. ４、１0９. ３ ±１0. ４，Ｐ 均＜0. 0５。观察组滑液组织中ＭＭＰ-３、ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３ ｍＲＮＡ 相对表达量分 别为１２. ５ ±２. １、１５. ７ ±２. ４、９. ５ ±１. ９，对照组分别为１９. ４ ±２. ６、１７. ５ ±２. ３、１４. ７ ±２. ４，Ｐ 均＜ 0. 0５。观察组Ａｙｒａｌ 滑膜炎评分≤６0 分者滑液ＭＭＰ-３、ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３ 水平明显低于Ａｙｒａｌ 滑膜炎评分＞ ６0 分者（Ｐ ＜ 0. 0５）。结论 　半月板损伤导致的滑膜炎患者滑膜、滑液存在ＭＭＰ-３、ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３ 高表达。ＭＭＰ-３、ＭＭＰ-９ 和ＭＭＰ-１３ 的 异常表达可能与半月板损伤滑膜炎的发生有关。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 观察红景天苷体外灌流对SD大鼠心肌细胞膜钠通道电流（INa）的影响。方法 SD 大鼠颈部脱臼处死后，开胸剪断主动脉并取下心脏，采用 Langendorff 逆行主动脉灌流法急性分离SD大鼠单个心室肌细胞，置于培养皿，以电极外液灌流冲洗。置入微电极，充灌电极内液，采用全细胞模式的膜片钳技术检测INa，电流稳定后灌注红景天苷100μmol／L，再次检测INa。绘制电流－电压关系（I-V）曲线、稳态激活曲线及稳态失活曲线，观察灌流前后大鼠心肌细胞INa及相关曲线的变化。结果 红景天苷灌流后 INa 幅值增加。红景天苷灌流后 INa I-V 曲线下移，但不改变I-V曲线形状、最大激活电位和反转电位。红景天苷灌流前后 INa 密度最大峰值分别为（－29．71±4．37）、（－58．66±8．21）pA／pF，灌流前后相比，P＜0．05。红景天苷灌流前后INa稳态失活曲线的半数失活电压分别为（－66．67±1．57）、（－61．45±1．57）mV，半数失活电压向正值方向移动，斜率因子分别为－10．23±1．30、－7．71±1．12，灌流前后半数失活电压相比，P＜0．05。红景天苷灌流前后INa稳态激活曲线半数激活电压差异无统计学意义。结论 红景天苷体外灌流可使SD大鼠心肌细胞膜INa的I-V曲线下移，增加电流幅值，该作用可能与红景天苷增加钠通道失活电位、抑制电流失活有关。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies have found good analgesic effects of silver needle-thermal conduction therapy in patients with myofascial pain syndrome, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of silver needle-thermal conduction therapy on silent information regulator homolog 3 (SIRT3) changes and mitochondrial ultrastructure in a rat model of myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS: Twenty rats were randomly selected from 26 Sprague-Dawley rats and were subjected to percussion combined with motor fatigue for replicating the rat model of myofascial pain syndrome. Sixteen rats that were successfully modeled were randomly divided into model group and silver needle-thermal conduction therapy group (treatment group), with eight rats in each group. The remaining rats were used as controls (normal group). The treatment group was treated with silver needle-thermal conduction therapy. Mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats were measured at 1 day before modeling, 1 day after modeling and 14 days after treatment. Electromyographic activities of the right medial femoral muscle were measured at 14 days after treatment. The right medial femoral muscle tissue was taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe the local morphology and for transmission electron microscopy to observe the mitochondrial ultrastructure. Western blot assay was performed to detect SIRT3 expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pain threshold: The mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of the model and treatment groups were significantly decreased compared with those in the normal group and before modeling (P < 0.01). After treatment, the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats were significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the model group (P < 0.01). Electromyography: The rats in the model group showed spontaneous electrical activity in the right medial femur, while the rats in the treatment group showed reduced spontaneous electrical activity, longer time frame (P < 0.01) and lower wave amplitude (P < 0.05) compared with the model group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining: In the normal group, rat muscle fibers arranged closely and regularly. In the model group, the muscle fibers of rats were atrophied, degenerated, and disordered in arrangement. In the treatment group, rat muscle structure disorder improved. Mitochondrial microstructure: Under the transmission electron microscope, mitochondrial structure in the normal group was normal; mitochondrial swelling with broken or disappeared cristae appeared in the model group; mitochondrial swelling in the treatment group was obviously relieved or tended to be normal. SIRT3 expression: SIRT3 expression was significantly downregulated in the model group compared with the normal group, but was significantly upregulated in the treatment group compared with the model group (P < 0.05). To conclude, abnormalities in local muscle mitochondria and downregulation of SIRT3 expression suggest the presence of impaired energy metabolism in the rat model of myofascial pain syndrome. Mitochondrial changes recover and are close to normal after the silver needle-thermal conduction therapy, and the expression of SIRT3 is also upregulated close to the normal group, indicating the silver needle-thermal conduction therapy may play a therapeutic role by promoting mitochondrial repair and improving energy metabolism disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: For the therapeutic purpose, glucocorticoids have been widely used in clinic, resulting in an increased risk of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH). However, the detailed pathogenesis of SANFH is not yet clear. Internal heat-type acupuncture therapy has a good clinical effect in the treatment of SANFH, but its specific mechanism has not been clearly analyzed. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of internal heat-type acupuncture on the expression of osteoprotegerin and nuclear factor kappa B receptor activator ligand (RANKL) in SANFH femoral head tissue. METHODS: Thirty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats without specific pathogens were randomly divided into blank group (n=10) and model group (n=20). The SANFH model was made by methylprednisolone combined with Escherichia coli endotoxin. After successful modeling, the model rats were further randomly divided into model group (n=10) and treatment group (n=10). In the treatment group, the bilateral buttocks of Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with internal heattype acupuncture once a week for 20 minutes, and the temperature was set at 42 °C. Both the blank group and the model group were not given any treatment. The general state and behaviors (number of voluntary activities and holding power) of Sprague-Dawley rats were detected before and after intervention, and the bilateral femoral heads of rats were taken after 4 weeks of intervention. The histomorphological changes of the rat femoral head were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and the rate of empty lacunae was calculated. The mRNA and protein expressions of osteoprotegerin and RANKL in the femoral head tissues of each group were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, immunohistochemical staining and western blot, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The behavioral scores of rats in the model and treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the blank group (P < 0.01). After intervention, the behavioral scores of rats in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the model group. Compared with the blank group, the histomorphology of the femur became significantly worse and the rate of empty bone lacuna was significantly higher in the model group (P < 0.001). Compared with the model group, the histomorphology of the femur was significantly improved and the rate of empty bone lacuna was decreased in the treatment group (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank group, the expression levels of RANKL protein and mRNA in the rat femoral head tissue were significantly higher in the model group, while the protein and mRNA expression levels of osteoprotegerin were significantly lower in the model group (P < 0.001). After intervention, the expression levels of RANKL protein and mRNA in the rat femoral head tissue in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the model group, while the protein and mRNA expression levels of osteoprotegerin were significantly higher than those in the model group (P < 0.05). To conclude, internal heat-type acupuncture may up-regulate the expression of osteoprotegerin, down-regulate the expression of RANKL, and inhibit the function and activity of osteoclasts, thus inhibiting bone resorption and promoting new bone formation and bone tissue repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborative identification of tomato flowers and fruits is one of the most important decision-making in greenhouse production management and regulation. However, the current identification algorithms cannot fully meet sufficient accuracy in modern agriculture, due to the high planting density of greenhouse tomatoes and some factors, such as plant obstruction and overlap. It is still challenging to effectively process high-resolution images, with the increasing resolution of available images. Therefore, it is a high demand to accurately and rapidly detect tomato flowers and fruits in greenhouse production. In this study, the collaborative recognition of tomato flowers and fruits was proposed using a cascade deep learning approach. A cascade convolutional neural network (CNN) was utilized to classify and recognize the tomato fruits for target detection. This improved approach effectively reduced the small target blurring and the loss of effective information caused by image compression in the traditional detection models. The cascade CNN architecture was expected to improve the accuracy and efficiency of tomato flower and fruit detection in greenhouse production. The experimental results and performance analysis were presented as follows. Firstly, a total of 1 474 high-resolution images (5 184 × 3 456 pixels) of several greenhouse-grown tomatoes were collected at fixed time intervals. These images were marked with the 4 686 tomato floret labels, 6254 immature tomato labels, and 3 506 mature tomato labels. These labeled objects were used to construct the target detection and image classification dataset through equalization image enhancement. Secondly, an optimization was made to improve the performance of the model for the small target and dense image detection. The YOLOX target detection backbone network was improved to introduce the image combination enhancement and front-end Vision Transformer (ViT) classification network. Among them, the image combination enhancement was used to improve the visibility of small targets in the dense images, while the front-end ViT classification network was to improve the generality of the model for the classification of the small targets. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the improved models were verified by the different types of tomato variety datasets, such as large and string fruits. The results demonstrate that the better performance of the improved model was achieved to detect and classify the tomato flowers and fruits in the high-resolution images, even under challenging conditions, such as the small target and dense images. In the image classification test, the accuracy rate of the 3×3 image slice front-end classification network using ViT was 99.71%, with a recall rate of 99.71%, an precision of 99.72%, and an mF1 score of 0.99. The model weight was 335.2MB, and the detection speed was 78.39 frames/s. Comparatively, there was an improvement of 5.8 to 7.7 percentage points in the accuracy over the existing classification networks, such as MobileNet, Resnet 50, and Vgg. The proposed object detection model achieved a mean average precision (mAP) of 92.30% and a detection speed of 28.46 frames/s, with average precision (AP) of 87.92%, 92.35% and 96.62% for small flowers, ripe tomatoes and unripe tomatoes, respectively. Ablation experiments further demonstrated that the YOLOX and combined enhancement YOLOX models resulted in an mAP increase of 3.75 to 6.11 percentage points, and an improvement of 16.56 to 23.30 percentage points, compared with the mainstream detection models, such as YOLOV3, YOLOV4, and YOLOV5. Additionally, the improved YOLOX-ViT model added a front-end classification network into the original, resulting in a slower detection speed of 28.46 frames/s. Visual results show that the improved model was achieved in the zero missed detection for the small targets, whereas, the accurate detection for the dense objects, indicates the high-precision collaborative detection. Overall, the YOLOX-ViT model can be expected to effectively and efficiently detect the small target images, in order to eliminate the background and reduce the redundancy. At the same time, the high accuracy and robustness were still maintained to reduce the image compression for effective information in the dense images. Therefore, the cascaded and combined target detection model can be suitable for the real-world environment of greenhouses. This finding can provide a strong reference to recognize tomato growth in greenhouse environments. Collaborative identification of tomato flowers and fruits is one of the most important decision-making in greenhouse production management and regulation. However, the current identification algorithms cannot fully meet sufficient accuracy in modern agriculture, due to the high planting density of greenhouse tomatoes and some factors, such as plant obstruction and overlap. It is still challenging to effectively process high-resolution images, with the increasing resolution of available images. Therefore, it is a high demand to accurately and rapidly detect tomato flowers and fruits in greenhouse production. In this study, the collaborative recognition of tomato flowers and fruits was proposed using a cascade deep learning approach. A cascade convolutional neural network (CNN) was utilized to classify and recognize the tomato fruits for target detection. This improved approach effectively reduced the small target blurring and the loss of effective information caused by image compression in the traditional detection models. The cascade CNN architecture was expected to improve the accuracy and efficiency of tomato flower and fruit detection in greenhouse production. The experimental results and performance analysis were presented as follows. Firstly, a total of 1 474 high-resolution images (5 184 × 3 456 pixels) of several greenhouse-grown tomatoes were collected at fixed time intervals. These images were marked with the 4 686 tomato floret labels, 6254 immature tomato labels, and 3 506 mature tomato labels. These labeled objects were used to construct the target detection and image classification dataset through equalization image enhancement. Secondly, an optimization was made to improve the performance of the model for the small target and dense image detection. The YOLOX target detection backbone network was improved to introduce the image combination enhancement and front-end Vision Transformer (ViT) classification network. Among them, the image combination enhancement was used to improve the visibility of small targets in the dense images, while the front-end ViT classification network was to improve the generality of the model for the classification of the small targets. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the improved models were verified by the different types of tomato variety datasets, such as large and string fruits. The results demonstrate that the better performance of the improved model was achieved to detect and classify the tomato flowers and fruits in the high-resolution images, even under challenging conditions, such as the small target and dense images. In the image classification test, the accuracy rate of the 3×3 image slice front-end classification network using ViT was 99.71%, with a recall rate of 99.71%, an precision of 99.72%, and an mF1 score of 0.99. The model weight was 335.2MB, and the detection speed was 78.39 frames/s. Comparatively, there was an improvement of 5.8 to 7.7 percentage points in the accuracy over the existing classification networks, such as MobileNet, Resnet 50, and Vgg. The proposed object detection model achieved a mean average precision (mAP) of 92.30% and a detection speed of 28.46 frames/s, with average precision (AP) of 87.92%, 92.35% and 96.62% for small flowers, ripe tomatoes and unripe tomatoes, respectively. Ablation experiments further demonstrated that the YOLOX and combined enhancement YOLOX models resulted in an mAP increase of 3.75 to 6.11 percentage points, and an improvement of 16.56 to 23.30 percentage points, compared with the mainstream detection models, such as YOLOV3, YOLOV4, and YOLOV5. Additionally, the improved YOLOX-ViT model added a front-end classification network into the original, resulting in a slower detection speed of 28.46 frames/s. Visual results show that the improved model was achieved in the zero missed detection for the small targets, whereas, the accurate detection for the dense objects, indicates the high-precision collaborative detection. Overall, the YOLOX-ViT model can be expected to effectively and efficiently detect the small target images, in order to eliminate the background and reduce the redundancy. At the same time, the high accuracy and robustness were still maintained to reduce the image compression for effective information in the dense images. Therefore, the cascaded and combined target detection model can be suitable for the real-world environment of greenhouses. This finding can provide a strong reference to recognize tomato growth in greenhouse environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mangrove endophytes play an important role in the material cycle, energy transfer and health maintenance of mangrove plants. In order to enrich microbiological resources for further revealing the functional diversity of the endophytes microorganism in mangrove plants, in this study, we investigated the distribution and diversity of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria of Aegiceras corniculatum collected from Beihai City, and studied the anti-thrombotic activities of those strains. The endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria were isolated from A. corniculatum by using six different isolation media. The anti-thrombotic activities of all species were screened out by thrombolysis experiment in vitro. The results were as follows:(1)Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, a total of 125 strains were obtained from the tissue and rhizosphere soil of A. corniculatum. They were classified into 74 species, 39 genera, 27 families and 3 phylas of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Bacillus sp. was the dominant genus, and the total rate was 13.5%.(2)The results of anti-thrombotic activity test showed that 18 strains with anti-thrombotic activity were screened out, and the total positive rate reached to 24.32%. The activity of the strains was further verified by the re-screening and re-verification test. The strains of B1850, B1989 and B2632 with strong anti-thrombotic activity were obtained. To sum up, there are abundant culturable bacterial resources in Aegiceras corniculatum in Beihai of Guangxi, which could be a potential source for the discovery of new plasminogen and thrombolytic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imbalanced data exists widely in all domains of our daily life, such as disease diagnosis, mineral resource detection, etc. For the classification of imbalanced data, while ensemble classifiers gave a promising solution for classifying such skewed data, existing ensemble classifiers assume all kinds of imbalanced data share the same characteristics, and a universal solution was carefully designed. However, imbalanced data can be unequable based on its imbalanced ratio, the number of features of the number of examples available for training, so it's difficult to get good results in all of the data set. In this paper, we propose an adaptive multiple classifier system based on differential evolution algorithm (DE-AMCS), system can choose optimal integration of learning model to complete the classification task. 10 datasets from KEEL are selected to verify the efficiency of DE-AMCS, and 5 state-of-the-art imbalanced data classification algorithms are also tested for comparison. Experimental results show that the DE-AMCS is competitive or outperforms the state-of-the-art by using various evaluation metrics as indicators. Finally, DE-AMCS is applied to 5 wells of Jianghan Oil Field. For each well, the precision reaches 100%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3（STAT-3）on sensitizing oral squamous cell carcinoma to cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum via downregulating miRNA-21. Methods Tscca and Tca8113P160 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were employed in this study. WP1066 was used to suppress STAT-3 signaling pathway. Cells were divided into three groups: dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) group, cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum (DDP) group and WP1066+DDP group. Transcription level of miR-21 was assessed by real-time PCR, while the expression levels of STAT-3, p-STAT-3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) and matrix metalloproteinase-2/ 9 (MMP-2/9 ) were evaluated by Western blot assay. Matrigel matrix and transwell assay were used to determine cancer cell colony formation and invasive ability respectively. Expression level of miR-21 was examined by luciferase reporter gene assay. Results Expression levels of STAT-3, pSTAT-3 and miR-21 were significantly suppressed by WP1066 treatment. The diameters of culture colony in cells treated with WP1066 and DDP were smaller than those in control group. The number of tongue cancer cells that migrated through the transwell membrane in WP1066 and DDP treated group was less than that in control group. Additionally, MMP- 2/9 expression decreased while TIMP- 3 increased dramatically in both cell lines in WP1066 + DPP group compared to the other two groups. Conclusion Reduction of STAT-3 can sensitize oral squamous cell carcinoma to cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum via downregulating miR-21. Our study shows that DDP, in combination with WP1066, might be used as a potential target in the treatment of human oral squamous cell cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]