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目的评价经远桡动脉入路对肝肿瘤患者行肝动脉持续灌注化疗（HAIC）的安全性和舒适性。方法纳入中山大学附属第一医院放射介入科行经远桡动脉入路进行HAIC的肝肿瘤患者，患者进行1次股动脉入路和1次远桡动脉入路穿刺置管进行自身交叉对照。患者留置导管于肝动脉内行FOLFOX4方案持续动脉灌注化疗。使用生活质量评分量表比较患者远桡动脉入路和股动脉入路的生活质量评分以及记录手术相关并发症。结果共纳入患者18例肝肿瘤患者，其中9例先进行股动脉入路后进行远桡动脉入路HAIC，其余9例则先远桡入路再进行股动脉入路HAIC。dTRA期间，穿刺点血肿2例，穿刺点持续疼痛3例，左手掌麻木1例，均为1~2级手术相关的不良事件。没有发生3~4级手术相关的不良事件。术后超声检查显示近端桡动脉均通畅。dTRA和TFA之间的穿刺时间差异有统计学意义（4分 vs. 3分，Pvs. 2.72，Pvs. 7 h，P

目的探讨术前经导管动脉栓塞（Pre-TAE）对Ⅱ/Ⅲ型颈动脉体瘤（CBTs）外科切除术的影响。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2020年1月我院收治的影像及病理确诊的Ⅱ/Ⅲ型CBTs患者为研究对象，根据是否行Pre-TAE将患者分为栓塞组及未栓塞组。分析并比较两组患者临床资料、手术方式、术中出血量、手术时间、并发症等相关指标。结果本研究共纳入100个病灶（栓塞组n=77，未栓塞组n=23）。栓塞组与未栓塞组肿瘤大小分别为（Ⅱ： 40.91 vs. 37.32 mm， P > 0.05； Ⅲ： 63.58 vs. 65.75 mm， P > 0.05）。术中出血量以及手术时间分别为（Ⅱ：100 vs. 100 mL， P > 0.05；Ⅲ：750 vs. 1 000 mL， P > 0.05） 、（Ⅱ： 184.66 vs. 230.74 mins， P > 0.05； Ⅲ： 288.50 vs. 332.75 mins， P > 0.05）。尽管Pre-TAE能减少Ⅱ/Ⅲ型CBTs术中血管重建率（Ⅱ： 28% vs. 32%，P > 0.05；Ⅲ：58% vs. 100%， P > 0.05），但其差异无统计学意义。Ⅱ/Ⅲ型CBTs栓塞组手术并发症明显低于未栓塞组，其差异无统计学意义（Ⅱ： 22% vs. 47%， P = 0.026； Ⅲ： 50% vs. 75%， P > 0.05）。结论术前栓塞CBTs可有效降低术中失血量，改善手术视野可视化，从而有利于ShamblinⅡ/Ⅲ级CBTs的手术切除，减少手术时间，减少术中血管重建可能及手术并发症。

【目的】评价支架治疗肠系膜上动脉夹层的近期临床效果。【方法】回顾中山大学附属第一医院放射介入科2009 年1 月至2018 年12 月收治的14 例肠系膜上动脉夹层并行支架置入治疗的患者作为研究对象，术中采用裸支架或者覆膜支架置入治疗肠系膜上动脉夹层。主要观察支架置入前后腹痛评分、肠系膜上动脉真腔内径的变化，并分析技术成功率和1 年内的支架通畅率。【结果】支架置入技术成功率达100%，术后腹痛症状改善（疼痛评分 5.9 vs. 1.9，P < 0.05），肠系膜上动脉真腔内径较术前有显著改善（6.6 mm vs. 2.6 mm，P < 0.05）。支架置入后12个月的通畅率为100%。【结论】支架置入治疗肠系膜上动脉夹层可改善腹痛症状及血管真腔内径，近期临床疗效好。

肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）作为中晚期肝癌的首选治疗手段，经历了反复论证和不断完善的历程， 目前已经被各大指南所推荐。但在精准医学的时代，TACE 仍然面临很多新的挑战。目前 TACE 最主要的任务是提高其的有效性和安全性。同时顺应医学进步的要求，在包括肝癌的实体肿瘤全程医学管理中，明确其在各期肿瘤中的作用和地位，使其进一步使其成为一种标准化的治疗方案

采用全矢量有限元法,研究了空气孔为正九边形周期性排列的全内反射型光子晶体光纤的温度传感特性,分析了不同空气孔排列形状、占空比以及波长对温度特性的影响,并与正六边形结构的光子晶体光纤进行了对比。研究表明,空气孔为正九边形周期性排列时,光子晶体光纤模场分布随温度变化显著,其有效折射率和限制损耗的大小与温度成反比。保持孔间距不变,占空比越大,输入波长越长,灵敏度越高。在此基础上,提出了一种正九边形熔接点为锥形的单模光纤-光子晶体光纤-单模光纤马赫曾德干涉仪温度传感器,当波长为1 550nm,占空比为0.6,温度范围为-2080℃时,该传感结构的温度灵敏度为0.112 2nm/℃。

【目的】评估载药栓塞微球负载阿霉素联合甲磺酸阿帕替尼治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的安全性和近期疗效。【方法】对本中心采用载药微球经动脉化疗栓塞术（DEB-TACE）联合甲磺酸阿帕替尼治疗的原发性肝癌患者相关资料进行了回顾性分析。所有患者均只进行了1次DEB-TACE治疗，并在DEB-TACE术后推荐开始服用甲磺酸阿帕替尼500mg治疗。对术前及术后4~8周患者第一次随访的影像随访资料以及肿瘤生物学指标甲胎蛋白（AFP）进行分析，同时观察并记录治疗过程包括服用阿帕替尼在内的不良反应事件。【结果】根据实体瘤疗效评价标准（RECIST）、改良实体瘤疗效评价标准（mRECIST）及欧洲肝脏研究协会标准（EASL）结果显示，这11例患者的客观缓解率（ORR）分别为36.4%、63.6%、72.7%，疾病控制率（DCR）分别为90.7%、72.7%、81.8%。患者术后AFP平均水平为44251.7μg/L，较术前平均水平366336μg/L明显下降。有4例患者在服用甲磺酸阿帕替尼后出现Ⅲ级不良反应，其余患者均未出现Ⅳ级不良反应。【结论】使用载药栓塞微球负载阿霉素联合甲磺酸阿帕替尼治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的安全性较高，近期疗效良好。

【目的】研究阿霉素负载的直链烷基修饰的氧化石墨烯（DOX@GO-C18）作为药物载体经导管动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）治疗肝癌的安全性和有效性。【方法】制备并表征DOX@GO-C18。采用雄性新西兰大白兔建立VX2肝癌模型并以动态增强CT扫描明确肿瘤情况。在数字减影血管造影（DSA）引导下，以股动脉入路选择性插管至肝段动脉，通过微导管注射DOX@GO-C18的碘油分散液对肿瘤行TACE治疗。术前及术后第1、3、5、7和14天取外周静脉血液样本行肝功能检查，术后第14天行动态增强CT扫描并对肿瘤行HE染色、油红染色及DAPI荧光染色。【结果】DOX@GO-C18能稳定分散在碘油中。肝癌病灶在治疗前后的最大直径无明显变化，肿瘤血供明显减少。采用RECIST1.1标准进行评价，目标病灶治疗反应均为疾病稳定。病理学检查可见DOX@GO-C18伴随碘油主要沉积于肿瘤内，并释放DOX，肿瘤出现坏死。血清学检查显示术后出现一过性肝酶学异常，在2周内可恢复至正常水平。【结论】本研究初步证明DOX@GO-C18可作为一种应用于肝癌的TACE治疗的有效药物载体，其安全性可控。

【目的】探讨单孔经皮经肝胆道镜（PTCSL）对于难治性肝内胆管结石治疗的应用价值。【方法】选取 中山大学附属第一医院放射介入科2015年1月至2017年1月收治的19例肝叶切除术后复发肝内胆管结石患者 作为研究对象，均采用单孔PTCSL术治疗，观察结石取净率、手术并发症及肝功能变化。【结果】18例患者经纤维 胆道镜通过窦道将结石完全取出，所有患者均无伤口感染、肝功能衰竭等严重并发症，无死亡患者。1例患者术 中因损伤肋间动脉出血而手术终止， 2例患者术后出现腹痛、胰酶急剧升高等急性胰腺炎表现，给予对症支持治 疗后好转。【结论】放射介入PTCD联合单孔PTCSL的合理应用，为难治性（尤其肝切除术后复发）肝内胆管结石 患者提供了新的治疗手段及有效治疗方法。

【目的】研究磷酰胆碱修饰的氧化石墨烯作为药物载体经导管动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝癌的安全性和 有效性。【方法】制备阿霉素负载的叶酸靶向的磷酰胆碱修饰氧化石墨烯（DOX@GO-PCn-FA）。经新西兰大白 兔的耳缘静脉分别注射氧化石墨烯（GO）和DOX@GO-PCn-FA以研究GO和DOX@GO-PCn-FA经静脉注射的安 全性和生物分布。取10只雄性新西兰大白兔建立VX2肝癌模型并以动态增强CT扫描明确肿瘤情况。以股动 脉入路选择性插管至肝叶或肝段动脉，以数字减影血管造影（DSA）明确肿瘤供血动脉。通过导管注射 DOX@GO-PCn-FA对肝癌行选择性栓塞化疗（TACE）。TACE术后第7天行动态增强CT扫描以及主要组织和器 官的病理学检查以研究DOX@GO-PCn-FA对肝癌的栓塞效果以及生物分布和安全性。【结果】经静脉注射GO引 起显著的血栓形成和肺动脉栓塞，而同等剂量的DOX@GO-PCn-FA 未出现这些现象。DOX@GO-PCn-FA 用于 TACE能有效减少肝脏肿瘤血供。病理学检查可见DOX@GO-PCn-FA主要沉积于肿瘤内，未见明显并发症。【结 论】GO-PCn具有良好的生物相容性并能有效地对肝脏肿瘤进行化疗栓塞。

为降低电光开关的插入损耗及简化其结构,提出了一种利用包层各向异性的FBG（光纤布拉格光栅）制作光开关的新思路,并用耦合模理论对其原理进行了分析;同时,提供了一种用掺镁LiTaO3晶体作为光栅包层制作这种光开关的方法。仿真结果表明,电场改变106 V/m时,消光比可达到约42.32dB。该光开关具有较高的消光比,且相比于现有的FBG光开关,具有更简单的结构。

利用OptiGrating软件研究了TFBG（倾斜光纤光栅）在环境折射率变化极其微小的情况下不同模式的光谱特性。结果表明,微小环境折射率的变化对纤芯模与幻影模的影响甚微,却对包层模影响较大。由于变化极小,包层模谐振波长的漂移可以忽略,只需考虑谐振峰深度的变化。发现波长在1 542nm附近的高阶包层模对环境折射率高度敏感,并且在一定的范围内灵敏度极高,最高可达10-5量级,在高精度折射率传感领域前景广阔。

【目的】探索sorafenib（索拉非尼）在不同干预时机中对血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）促瘤效应的抑制作用。【方 法】将50只SD大鼠肝脏接种Wakler256肿瘤细胞形成的裸鼠皮下瘤块，10 d后行MR扫描，选取建模成功的40只SD大鼠随 机分成4组，每组10只：A组，对照组，仅注射VEGF；B组，sorafenib先于VEGF 72 h导入组；C组，sorafenib与VEGF同时导入 组；D组，sorafenib后于VEGF 72 h导入组。观察并比较4组实验动物肿瘤的生长及中位生存时间。待实验动物死亡后，采 用免疫组织化学法检测各组大鼠肝肿瘤的VEGF的表达。【结果】服用sorafenib 10 d后，MR显示各组大鼠肝脏肿瘤明显增 大，sorafenib组肿瘤大小小于对照组（5.40 cm），具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。四组实验动物中位生存时间分别是（19.6 ± 1.8）d、 （31.2 ±7.0）d、（27.4 ± 4.9）d、（26.5 ± 4.6）d。服用sorafenib组大鼠生存时间明显长于对照组（P < 0.05）。将死亡实验大鼠进 行HE染色及免疫组织化学检查，四组实验动物的VEGF值分别为88.3±13.6、42.8±8.0、71.9±15.7、73.6±13.7，sorafenib组与对 照组数值差异具有明显统计学意义（P < 0.05），且不同sorafenib组之间数值差异较大。【结论】Sorafenib能延长肝肿瘤大鼠的 生存时间，减少肿瘤血管生成。Sorafenib服用时间早于VEGF一过性升高前的生存获益明显好于VEGF升高后服用。

摘要：【目的】探讨甲状腺乳头状癌的淋巴结转移规律，分析其影响因素。【方法】回顾性分析我院自2011年1月至 2015年12月手术治疗甲状腺乳头状癌病人375 例的临床资料，对其原发灶特点、淋巴结转移规律进行了总结。【结果】本组 患者均为甲状腺乳头状癌，颈部淋巴结总转移率为67.47%，中央组淋巴结转移率为64.27%，颈侧组淋巴结转移率为 36.53%。原发灶肿瘤直径大于1 cm、肿瘤突破包膜、侵犯肌肉时颈淋巴结转移发生率明显升高（P < 0.05）。【结论】甲状腺乳 头状癌最常见的淋巴结转移为中央组淋巴结，初次手术应常规清扫双侧中央组淋巴结，当肿块直径大于1 cm或癌肿突破甲 状腺包膜和/或侵犯肌肉时宜同时清扫同侧的颈侧组淋巴结。

提出了一种基于FBG（光纤布拉格光栅）的新型双向传输可调谐光分插复用器,同时对该结构的复用解复用原理进行了阐述,通过Optisystem软件验证了结构设计和理论分析的可行性。仿真结果表明,下载波长的边模抑制比在20dB左右。这种器件具有灵活度高、器件利用率高等特点,在波分复用系统中两条线路互为冗余,提升了系统的容错性,有望在光网络中得到应用。

采用全矢量有限元法研究了具有中心椭圆缺陷孔的矩形点阵PCF（光子晶体光纤）的双折射特性。结果发现,该新型PCF的双折射特性对波长和光纤的结构参数具有较强的依赖关系,与无中心椭圆缺陷孔的矩形点阵PCF相比,在中心缺陷孔参数bc/Λ=0.075、中心空气孔椭圆率η=2.2、包层结构参数Λ=2.0μm和d/Λ=0.48时,该新型PCF具有更高的双折射。

对氮化镓（InGaN/GaN）型MQW（多量子阱）结构的蓝宝石衬底LED（发光二极管）受自发和压电极化效应的影响进行了研究。为了分析LED的输出特性,利用MATLAB软件对传统水平结构的InGaN/GaN型MQW蓝光LED芯片进行了模拟。研究表明,LED各个界面极化电荷同比例增加能稍微改善LED的电学特性,但却显著降低了LED的光输出功率和内量子效率,这主要是由于界面电荷改变了能带结构,阻碍了空穴的扩散与漂移,降低了辐射复合系数。可以通过改变位错密度来降低极化电荷对LED的影响,改善LED的性能。

文章提出了一种基于光纤光栅的新型光分插复用器（OADM）,并阐述了此新型OADM结构的复用和解复用原理,它具有插入损耗低、灵活性强和串扰低等优点。为验证结构设计和理论分析的正确性,用OptiSystem软件对所设计的OADM结构进行了仿真实验。仿真结果表明,下载波长的边模抑制比高达20 dB,此新型结构具有良好的性能和灵活性。

基于Web Server（网页服务器）的Web网管的系统架构和实现过程,以Wind Web Server为平台研究了静态路由的配置机制及实现。阐述了嵌入式网管系统的各个部分,并对前端处理模块和后台处理模块进行了分析与具体的实现,最后对静态路由的功能进行了对比性测试。结果表明,基于Web的网管方式在功能上能够与其他网管方式同步,实现了各种配置需求,是一种稳定可靠的网络管理方式。

文章应用传输矩阵法对取样光纤布拉格光栅（SFBG）的反射谱进行了数值模拟,并分析了折射率调制幅度、占空比、取样周期和光栅长度等光栅参数对其反射谱的影响,在此基础上用切趾函数对其进行旁瓣干扰处理,得到了较为理想的8通道SFBG反射谱。

【目的】探讨胶原酶在作用时间内是否会引起腰椎间盘髓核组织中蛋白多糖的水解。【方法】经皮腰椎间盘切除术中获得髓核组织标本,-70℃保存。胶原酶15u作用于1mL(0.1g/mL)髓核组织匀浆,测定不同时间段的溶解效应。在胶原酶对髓核组织饱和溶解时间条件下,选择不同剂量的胶原酶作用于1mL(0.1g/mL)髓核组织匀浆,通过测定糖胺多糖的含量变化,推测蛋白多糖的含量变化情况。【结果】本实验的胶原酶对髓核组织饱和溶解时间为12h。胶原酶作用后髓核组织中糖胺多糖在9u胶原酶以内的各组呈独立散在分布,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。9u胶原酶时吸光度达到最大值,经与总量对照组比较,糖胺多糖最大水解程度为57.14%～64.76%。【结论】本实验初步证实胶原酶可以在短期内引起腰椎间盘髓核组织中蛋白多糖含量的降低,这可能与胶原酶溶解术后椎间盘退变的加重有关。

报道了一种能同时测量温度和压力的FBG（光纤布拉格光栅）传感器,这是将单个FBG的一部分（约为整个光栅的一半）牢固地粘在开口环上所形成的FBG传感器。当对开口环升高温度和施加压力时,能够利用单个FBG实现对温度和压力的同时测量。实验结果表明,在温度22～82℃及压力0～10N范围内,温度和压力的响应具有良好的线性。

文章介绍一种光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）压力传感器,将FBG粘贴在自行设计的开口环有机玻璃上,构成了FBG传感器,给出了FBG的波长偏移量与压力的关系表达式。实验结果表明,该传感器在所测压力范围内呈现出很好的线性特性,FBG压力灵敏度系数达到0.162 nm/N,与理论分析值基本相符。

【目的】探讨化学髓核溶解术的一种新的穿刺方法,用于治疗破裂型腰椎间盘突出症。【方法】采用经背后入路 直接穿刺椎间盘脱出部位,用 600 单位的胶原酶溶解脱出的椎间盘组织治疗破裂脱出型腰椎间盘突出症。本组治疗 43 例临 床确诊为破裂脱出型腰椎间盘突出症, 并随访半年至2 年。【结果】采用本穿刺方法治疗43 例腰椎间盘脱出患者, 治愈27 例, 治愈率为63%,有效 11 例,有效率为 88%, 无椎间盘变窄和退行性变等并发症出现。【结论】经背后入路直接穿刺脱出的椎间 盘组织行胶原酶溶解术是一种操作简单、安全 、有效的新方法, 可减少并发症的发生。

综合接入媒体网关（AMG）位于基于软交换（SoftSwitch）的下一代网络（NGN）的接入层面,其高可用性（HA）直接影响着电信网络的服务质量。文章首先介绍了HA的概念及实现,然后通过对综合AMG的结构及功能的研究,提出了一种实现其HA的方案。在硬件部分,以主备方式的硬件冗余机制来实现硬件容错功能,关键数据及参数的备份均采用温备份方式。在软件部分,提出了实现HA的整体架构以及实现倒换的状态机制。

Aiming at the heightened demand for efficiently establishing high-quality three-dimensional (3D) models within mixed reality (MR) environments, a thorough investigation was carried out into the neural radiance fields (NeRF) algorithm-based three-dimensional reconstruction technique. In addition, a dataset optimization algorithm rooted in the Laplacian operator was proposed to augment the overall reconstruction process. Firstly, a 1 min 51 s video around a wire cutting equipment was recorded. Equidistant frame extraction was employed to create a comprehensive training dataset. Then, the Laplacian operator was applied to optimize the dataset, with the original dataset retained for comparative analysis. The NeRF algorithm-based reconstruction method and the traditional dense point cloud reconstruction based on COLMAP method were applied separately to the 3D reconstruction of the two datasets. The reconstruction results, with a focus on precision and speed, were systematically compared across various reconstruction methodologies and datasets. The study results indicate that the reconstruction time of COLMAP dense point cloud is 9. 98 times than that of NeRF based reconstruction, and comparing with COLMAP dense point cloud reconstruction, the model surface defects are fewer when using the NeRF reconstruction method. Additionally, the NeRF reconstruction of the dataset optimized by the Laplacian operator has respectively improved the peak signal-to-noise ratio ( PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) metrics by 2. 43% and 0. 72%, which is beneficial for enhancing the quality of the reconstructed model. This research presents findings that endorse the application of mixed reality technology in the digital transformation of the manufacturing sector, offering valuable insights for pertinent fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease （MASLD） is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, encompassing the entire spectrum of fatty liver pathogenesis. It progresses from simple steatosis to metabolic-associated steatohepatitis （MASH）, involving injury and inflammation， with or without fibrosis， ultimately leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which affects approximately a quarter of the world's population. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for differentiating MASH from steatosis and assessing advanced fibrosis. However, its limitations, including costliness, invasiveness, and sampling bias, have spurred the development of noninvasive diagnostic techniques. In addition, there are no FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of MASLD. Enumerating noninvasive diagnostic markers that have the potential to replace liver biopsy were summarized, and the current treatment options for MASLD were discussed, with clinical trials designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single agents or combination therapies to halt or reverse disease progression, which could provide new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of MASLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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