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以能源互联网为代表的能源工业核心方案促进了多种能源和电力的互动，极大地改变了多种复杂网络的结构层次和耦合模式。在此背景下，比较了信息互联网和能源互联网的特点，总结了能源互联网关键技术和研究难点，并提出能源路由器等物理设备在SoS（system of systems）概念下的全新意义。然后，在总结了目前能源互联网的几种架构和运行形态的基础上，提出细胞-组织（cell-tissue）视角下能源互联网的形态特征和描述方法，并在信息网络安全、运行状态评估和网络建模技术方法等诸多核心问题上，展望能源互联网现实应用的研究重点。

进行了9个轴压短柱的试验研究,考察空心率和径厚比对方套圆中空夹层薄壁钢管混凝土轴压短柱力学性能的影响。试验发现中空夹层薄壁钢管混凝土轴压短柱具有较好的延性和较高的承载力。接着对中空夹层薄壁钢管混凝土轴压短柱进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果与实测结果吻合良好。机理分析表明:外钢管的约束效果主要集中在角部,纵向加劲肋可很好地提高外钢管的承载力。参数分析表明中空夹层薄壁钢管混凝土轴压短柱的承载力随着钢管屈服强度、混凝土强度或径厚比的增大而增大;构件的延性随着空心率的增大而增大。最终建议了中空夹层薄壁钢管混凝土轴压短柱承载力的简化计算公式。

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The content of crude polysaccharides, total flavonoids, total triterpenoids, and ergosterol in the fruiting bodies of Sanghuangporus vaninii and Inonotus hispidus in different origins and growth stages were measured and compared. The results showed that under the same culti- vation conditions, the fruiting body of Inonotus hispidus had the highest crude polysaccharide content at 180 days of harvesting, which was 4.52%; at 60 days of harvesting, the total flavonoid and ergosterol contents were the highest, at 5.23 and 34.03 mg/kg, respectively; at 30 days of harvesting, the total triterpenoid content was the highest, at 0.61 mg/kg.The content of total triterpenes and ergosterol of fruiting bodies of Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivated by segment wood with 3 years were 0.17 and 5.86 mg/kg, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of 1 year fruiting body (0.06 and 1.90 mg/kg). Overall, the content of active components of fruiting bodies of Inonotus hispidus was higher than that of Sanghuangporus vaninii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the emergency scenario of abnormal high speed railway operation, dispatchers need to quickly and correctly handle the emergency response to the emergencies, which plays a decisive role in the safe operation of trains. The cognitive decision-making process of high speed railway dispatchers was took as the research object, using the laboratory simulation experiment platform and facing the emergency scenario of abnormal driving, the structure of the cognitive decision-making mechanism model and the data collection method corresponding to the measurement model were designed. Based on the information processing model, combined with the concept of perceptual load theory and situational awareness, adding elements of mental load, a cognitive decision-making mechanism model for high speed railway dispatchers was established. Aiming at the evaluation of mental load, a particle swarm optimization algorithm for joint optimization was designed and adopted to optimize the training process based on multi-source physiological signals, comprehensively using signal processing theory and mathematical methods to extract the data characteristics. Fitting the structural equation model and studying the relationship between mental load and attention and working memory are of more practical value for the later optimization of dispatchers workload and job adaptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To investigate the effects of phillyrin (PHN) on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced autophagy and apoptosis of osteoblasts by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine threonine kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Methods MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into control group (NOR group), DEX group (10 μmol/L DEX treated MC3T3-E1 cells), L-PHN group (5 μmol/L PHN treated MC3T3-E1 cells), M-PHN group (10 μmol/L PHN treated MC3T3-E1 cells), H-PHN group (20 μmol/L PHN treated MC3T3-E1 cells), and ZSTK474 group (treated with 20 μmol/L PHN and 2 μmol/L ZSTK474, an inhibitor of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway). MTT assay was used to detect cytotoxicity and cell viability. The apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells was detected with flow cytometry. The autophagosomes were observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Western blotting was used to detect the expression of autophagy, apoptosis, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway related proteins in MC3T3-E1 cells. ALP activity and ALP staining were used to detect the differentiation ability of MC3T3-E1 cells. Results 0-80 μmol/L PHN had no obvious toxic effect on MC3T3-E1 cells. Compared to those in NOR group, the OD570 value, Bcl-2 protein level, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, mTOR protein levels, ALP activity, Beclin1, LC3-II/I protein levels, and the number of autophagosomes in DEX group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate, Bax, and cleaved Casase-3 increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared to that in DEX group, the level of apoptosis in L-PHN group, M-PHN group, and H-PHN group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the proliferation activity, autophagy level, osteogenic differentiation ability and pathway protein levels increased significantly (P<0.05). ZSTK474 eliminated the beneficial effects of PHN on MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusion PHN promotes autophagy of osteoblasts by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and then inhibits apoptosis of osteoblasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effect of different oxidation modification methods of activated carbon on the preparation of silver loaded bactericidal activated carbon, coconut shell activated carbon (AC) was modified with HNO3 and H2O2, and then immersed in AgNO3 solution. Silver loaded activated carbon (Ag / AC) was prepared by using polypropylene pyrrolidone (PVP) as protective agent and NaBH4 as reducing agent. The surface morphology of AC were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the pore structure of AC was determined by nitrogen adsorption at low temperature, the crystal structure of AC was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The antibacterial properties and silver loss of Ag / AC under different preparation conditions were studied. The results showed that silver ions were reduced to silver nanoparticles with particle size of 10-40 nm and uniformly distributed on the AC surface. With the increase of Ag loading, the specific surface area of Ag / AC decreased, and the bactericidal and anti silver loss properties were improved. Comparing the results of two kinds of oxidation modification, it can be seen that the Ag / AC-H2O2 modified by H2O2 had the highest silver loading (0. 64%), the best bacteriostatic performance (the bacteriostatic broadband was 4.01 mm), and the silver loss after 15 days of shaking at 25 ℃ was 0.035%. Ag / AC-H2O2 achieved silver controlled release on the premise of maintaining high antibacterial performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Non-ideality of navigation satellite signals can cause ranging bias between different receivers, which is an important factor that may degrade the accuracy and integrity performance of global navigation satellite system. In civil aviation and other high integrity services, it is necessary to consider the non-ideality characteristics of the signal and define the design constraints of the user receiver, so as to reduce the impact of non-ideality and ensure service safety. Methods: The B1C and B2a signals of BeiDou satellite navigation system (BDS) are planned to join the international civil aviation standard, so it is necessary to study their non-ideality characteristics and define the receiver design constraints. This paper analyzed the non-ideality characteristic of BDS B1C and B2a signals. In order to avoid the influence of noise and multipath, a large aperture antenna was used to collected all the in-orbit satellite broadcasting B1C and B2a signals (including 27 satellites) to obtain pure signal samples. Then, the software receiver was used to process the signal samples under various receiving parameters to obtain the ranging biases under different receiver front-end bandwidth and code discriminator space, and the ranging bias range and variation with the receiving parameters are evaluated. Furthermore, taking the application in dual frequency multi-constellation satellite based augmentation service as an example, the receiver design constraints of the two signals were analyzed. Results and Conclusions: The experimental results show that the range biases introduced by the non-ideality of B1C and B2a signals are less than 0.68 m and 0.44 m, respectively, under the parameters range commonly used by receivers. Under the requirement of range bias less than 0.1 m, the applicable parameter range of receiver design constraints for B1C and B2a signals is better than the relevant requirements of the international civil aviation organization draft standard. There is sufficient margin to further consider other constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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