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Copyright of Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences is the property of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

随着各种原因引起的免疫抑制患者增多，肺是最常见感染的靶器官，发生机会性病原体感染的风险升高， 病情快速进展至重症肺炎（SP）。免疫抑制性重症肺炎临床表现隐匿，病原体复杂，早期诊断困难，病死率高。免疫 抑制性重症肺炎的检测技术主要包括传统微生物检测技术、免疫学技术及分子诊断技术，其中基于涂片镜检、分离 培养的传统微生物检测方法，技术成熟，诊断价值高，是病原体检测及鉴定的重要方法，但分离培养的优势依赖病原 体的活性，操作周期长、失败率高、阳性检出率低，明确致病菌为感染或定植困难。免疫学技术中的抗原检测对特殊 病毒而言，耗时、灵敏度低，易出现假阳性；血清学抗体检测存在窗口期，具有时间滞后性，免疫抑制患者可在感染后 出现假阴性。与传统微生物检测技术相比，聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术灵敏度高、特异度强、不受抗生素影响，缩短 了病原体诊断的窗口期，但在反映病原体药物敏感或耐药方面不能取代培养。宏基因组高通量测序技术（mNGS） 可检测同一标本覆盖的细菌、病毒、真菌及罕见病原体，弥补了 PCR不能检测未知病原体的局限性，对已启动抗感 染治疗者也可提高病原体检出率，在免疫抑制患者中的阳性检出率明显优于传统方法。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)