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Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ Ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ Ｘｉａｏｚｈａｎｇ ｐｌａｓｔｅｒ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｃｉｒｒｈｏｔｉｃ ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｉｔｓ ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｎｉｎ － ａｎ ｇｉｏｔｅｎｓｉｎ － ａｌｄｏｓｔｅｒｏｎｅ ｓｙｓｔｅｍ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ Ａ ｔｏｔａｌ ｏｆ ２２０ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｃｉｒｒｈｏｔｉｃ ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ ｗｈｏ ｗｅｒｅ ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌｉｚｅｄ ｉｎ Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ Ｇａｓｔｒｏｅｎｔｅｒｏｌ ｏｇｙ ｉｎ Ｓｈａｎｇｈａｉ Ｂａｏｓｈａｎ Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ Ｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ ａｎｄ Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ Ｍｅｄｉｃａｌ Ｈｏｓｐｉｔａｌ ｆｒｏｍ Ｍａｒｃｈ ２０１５ ｔｏ Ｍａｒｃｈ ２０１６ ｗｅｒｅ ｅｎｒｏｌｌｅｄ ａｎｄ ｄｉ ｖｉｄｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ ６０ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ，Ｘｉａｏｚｈａｎｇ ｐｌａｓｔｅｒ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ ６０ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ，ａｎｄ ｔｅｒｌｉｐｒｅｓｓｉｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ １００ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｃｉｒｒｈｏｔｉｃ ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ ｗｉｔｈ ａ ｌｉｍｉｔａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｄｏｓｅ ｏｆ ｄｉｕｒｅｔｉｃｓ，ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ Ｘｉａｏｚｈａｎｇ ｐｌａｓｔｅｒ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ Ｘｉａｏｚｈａｎｇ ｐｌａｓｔｅｒ ｉｎ ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｅｒｌｉｐｒｅｓｓｉｎ ｇｒｏｕｐ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｒｅａ ｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｅｒｌｉｐｒｅｓｓｉｎ ｉｎ ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ． Ｔｈｅ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｅｒｍｓ ｏｆ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｏｕｔｃｏｍｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓ （ｄｅｐｔｈ ｏｆ ａｓｃｉ ｔｅｓ，２４ － ｈｏｕｒ ｕｒｉｎｅ ｖｏｌｕｍｅ，ａｂｄｏｍｉｎａｌ ｃｉｒｃｕｍｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ，ｂｏｄｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ，ａｎｄ Ｃｈｉｌｄ － Ｐｕｇｈ ｓｃｏｒｅ），ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓ ａｎｄ ｓｉｇｎｓ （ａｂｄｏｍｉｎａｌ ｄｉｓｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ， ｄｉｅｔ，ｐａｓｓａｇｅ ｏｆ ｇａｓ ｂｙ ａｎｕｓ，ａｎｄ ｄｅｆｅｃａｔｉｏｎ），ｈｅｐａｔｉｃ ａｎｄ ｒｅｎａｌ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ，ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｌｙｔｅｓ，ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅ ｂｌｏｏｄ ｔｅｓｔ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ，ｃｏａｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ，ｐｏｒ ｔａｌ ｖｅｉｎ ｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒ，ｇｌｏｍｅｒｕｌａｒ ｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｒａｔｅ，ａｎｄ ｖａｓｏａｃｔｉｖｅ ｓｕｂｓｔａｎｃｅｓ ［ｐｌａｓｍａ ｒｅｎｉｎ ａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ （ＰＲＡ），ａｎｇｉｏｔｅｎｓｉｎ Ⅱ （ＡｎｇⅡ），ａｎｄ ａｌｄｏ ｓｔｅｒｏｎｅ （ＡＬＤ）］． Ａｎ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｖａｒｉａｎｃｅ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎ ｏｆ ｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓ ｄａｔａ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ，ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｌｅａｓｔ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ｔ － ｔｅｓｔ ｗａｓ ｕｓｅｄ ｆｏｒ ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎ ｗｉｔｈｉｎ ｅａｃｈ ｇｒｏｕｐ． Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｉｎ ｄｅｐｔｈ ｏｆ ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ，ｕｒｉｎｅ ｖｏｌｕｍｅ，ａｂｄｏｍｉｎａｌ ｃｉｒｃｕｍｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ，Ｃｈｉｌｄ － Ｐｕｇｈ ｓｃｏｒｅ，ＡｎｇⅡ ｌｅｖｅｌ，ａｎｄ ＡＬＤ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｎ ｄａｙｓ １４ ａｎｄ ２８ ｏｆ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ （ｄａｙ １４：Ｆ ＝６． ５６６，１６． ２３６，１０． ８５６，５． ７２７，４１． ８６０，ａｎｄ ２０． ８４５，ａｌｌ Ｐ ＜ ０． ０５；ｄａｙ ２８：Ｆ ＝ １６９． ３１１，６７． ６８６，１３． ５２１，３９． ７２１， １５９ ２５６，ａｎｄ ８０． ４００，ａｌｌ Ｐ ＜０． ０５）． Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｉｎ ｂｏｄｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ ａｎｄ ＰＲＡ ｌｅｖｅｌ ｏｎ ｄａｙ ２８ ｏｆ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ （Ｆ ＝５． ０６８ ａｎｄ ０． ０１２，ｂｏｔｈ Ｐ ＜０． ０５）． Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｗｅｒｅ ａｌｓｏ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｒｅｅ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｃｏｒｅｓ ｏｆ ａｂ ｄｏｍｉｎａｌ ｄｉｓｔｅｎｓｉｏｎ，ｐａｓｓａｇｅ ｏｆ ｇａｓ ｂｙ ａｎｕｓ，ａｎｄ ｄｅｆｅｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｎ ｄａｙｓ ７，１４，ａｎｄ ２８ ｏｆ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ （ｄａｙ ７：Ｆ ＝３８． ３１１，３３． ４０５，ａｎｄ ３３． ９９６， ａｌｌ Ｐ ＜０． ０５；ｄａｙ １４：Ｆ ＝６４． ４１４，３９． ４８１，ａｎｄ ５２． ４５５，ａｌｌ Ｐ ＜０． ０５；ｄａｙ ２８：Ｆ ＝５７． ５９６，２３． ０４１，ａｎｄ ４７． ５７６，ａｌｌ Ｐ ＜０． ０５）． Ｃｏｎ ｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ Ｂｏｔｈ Ｘｉａｏｚｈａｎｇ ｐｌａｓｔｅｒ ａｎｄ ｔｅｒｌｉｐｒｅｓｓｉｎ ｃａｎ ｒｅｄｕｃｅ ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ ｖｏｌｕｍｅ ｉｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｃｉｒｒｈｏｔｉｃ ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ，ｂｕｔ ｔｈｅｙ ｍａｙ ｈａｖｅ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ａｃ ｔｉｏｎ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ． Ｘｉａｏｚｈａｎｇ ｐｌａｓｔｅｒ ｉｓ ｓｕｐｅｒｉｏｒ ｔｏ ｔｅｒｌｉｐｒｅｓｓｉｎ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｃｉｒｒｈｏｔｉｃ ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ ａｎｄ ｃａｎ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ ｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓ，ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｙ ｂｙ ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｌｅｖｅｌｓ ｏｆ ＰＲＡ，ＡｎｇⅡ，ａｎｄ ＡＬＤ． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To identify microRNAs (miRNAs) regulated by Fuzheng Huayu prescription (FZHY) and analyze their biological functions, and to partially reveal the antifibrotic mechanism of FZHY in liver fibrosis. Methods The mouse model of liver fibrosis was developed by subcutaneous injection of CCl4. The mice were divided into normal group, model group, and FZHY group. The mice received FZHY once a day at 3 days before model establishment, and the treatment lasted for 8 weeks. Collagen deposition in liver tissue was evaluated by Sirius Red staining and determination of hydroxyproline (Hyp) content. The expression profile of miRNAs in mouse liver was determined by miRNA microarray. According to the expression profile, miRNAs regulated by FZHY were identified by looking for miRNAs showing the same trends in the normal group and the FZHY group compared with the model group. The results were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. The miRNA targets were predicted using TargetScan program and PITA database. The DAVID database was used to analyze and identify the substantial functions and signaling pathways of those miRNA targets. Comparison between multiple groups was made by analysis of variance. Results FZHY substantially reduced Hyp content and inhibited collagen deposition in the fibrotic liver tissue. The miRNA microarray identified mmu-miR-322, mmu-miR-342-3p, and mmu-miR-296-5p as miRNAs regulated by FZHY. According to the analysis of signaling pathway, the three miRNAs might regulate 32 signaling pathways, including chemokine signaling pathway, focal adhesion, MAPK signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, gap junction, ECM-receptor interaction, Wnt signaling pathway, and Jak-STAT signaling pathway, which were closely related to liver fibrosis; the functional enrichment analysis predicted 32 substantial functions of the three miRNAs, including GTPase regulator, cell junction, regulation of apoptosis, regulation of Ras signal transduction, and small GTPase regulator, which were closely related to liver fibrosis. Conclusion The antifibrotic effect of FZHY in the liver might be achieved by down-regulation of the expression of miR-322, miR-342-3p, and miR-296-5p, which regulates their specific functions, such as MAPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, regulation of apoptosis, and regulation of Ras signal transduction. The conclusion deserves further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) on the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells) in the mouse model of liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). MethodsEighty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group, poly I:C control group, model control group, and poly I:C group. The mice in model control group and poly I:C group were intraperitoneally injected with 10% CCl4 (2 ml·kg-1·d-1) to establish the model of liver injury, and the mice in normal control group and poly I:C control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same dose of olive oil. The mice in poly I:C control group and poly I:C group were intraperitoneally injected with poly I:C (1 ml·kg/-1·d-1), and the mice in normal control group and model control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of normal saline. After continuous administration for 4 weeks, serum levels of liver function indices and liver inflammatory factors were observed; HE staining was applied to observe liver inflammation grade; flow cytometry was applied to measure NK cells in the liver, as well as the expression of the activating receptor NKG2D and inhibitory receptor Ly49A on NK cells. Analysis of variance was applied for comparison between groups, with least significant difference (LSD) test applied for homogeneity of variance and Dunnett′s T3 method applied for heterogeneity of variance. ResultsAfter administration of poly I:C for 1 week and 4 weeks, there was no obvious liver injury in normal mice. With aggravation of CCl4 poisoning, the model control group, compared with the normal control group, had gradually increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin (P＜0.01) and upregulated levels of intrahepatic proinflammatory factors (P＜0.05); HE staining suggested necrosis of a large number of hepatocytes, a decreased proportion of hepatic NK cells, reduced expression of NKG2D, and increased expression of Ly49A in the model control group (P＜0.05). Poly I:C improved the serum levels of liver function indices, reduced the levels of intrahepatic proinflammatory factors, significantly improved liver inflammation, and increased the proportion and number of hepatic NK cells and expression of NKG2D (P＜0.01). ConclusionPoly I:C can protect the liver from acute and chronic liver injury, and its mechanism of action is closely related to activation of NK cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)