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目的分析急性脑梗死患者治疗前一站式CT灌注成像（CTP）及治疗前后临床影像资料，明确与预后相关的临床及影像特征。方法纳入CT/MRI 随访证实的39例急性脑梗死患者（男：女= 21：18，平均年龄65岁，平均起病时间8.4 h），所有患者均随访90天获取其mRS评分（平均2.8分）。对上述患者行320排螺旋CT一站式CTP［非增强CT（NCCT）-CT血管成像（CTA）-CTP］扫描，对NCCT图像行ASPECTS（alberta stroke program early ct score）评分，经后处理获得脑血管图，脑梗死核心区、缺血半暗带体积以及其相应比值，并获得CTP各灌注参数图［CBF，CBV，MTT，TTP，延迟达峰时间（Delay-TTP）］。将大小一致的感兴趣区分别放置在脑梗死核心区、缺血半暗带及其相应对侧脑实质，分别测量3次，取平均值。结果39例患者中，20例预后良好 （mRS ≤2）。相关分析发现，治疗前后NIHSS评分、梗死核心体积、缺血半暗带MTT及相应区域Delay-TTP 与随访90天mRS评分成明显正相关（P≤0.04）；而治疗后ASPECTS评分及梗死核心区CBF值与90 d mRS评分成明显负相关（P< 0.05）。进一步两组对比分析发现，治疗前后NIHSS、治疗后ASPECTS、CTP示梗死核心区体积及梗死核心CBF值与患者预后明显相关并具有统计学差异（P≤0.03）。ROC分析显示治疗后NIHSS评分对于预测急性脑梗死患者预后有着最高的诊断效能（AUC为0.90），其中敏感度、特异度及拐点值分别为79%，85%和4.5；而梗死核心区CBF具有最佳的特异度（89%），治疗后ASPECTS评分在预测预后方面具有最高的敏感度（94%）。结论急性脑梗死患者梗死核心区体积、CBF、治疗前后NIHSS及治疗后ASPECTS评分与患者的预后密切相关。相比较NIHSS评分，梗死核心区CBF对于预测急性脑梗死预后有着更高的特异度。

【目的】探讨症状性大脑中动脉（MCA）M1段重度狭窄和闭塞患者三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像 （3D-TOF-MRA）上血流信号与短期预后的关系。【方法】回顾性连续纳入2009年5月至2016年5月入院的症状 性MCA-M1段重度狭窄和闭塞患者。收集患者的一般信息、临床资料和头颅影像学数据。分析患者在3D-TOF- MRA上血流信号特点，包括：（1）MCA病变远端血流信号；（2）大脑后动脉（PCA）偏侧化。分析MCA-M1段重度 狭窄和闭塞患者3D-TOF-MRA上血流信号特点与短期预后的关系。【结果】共纳入328例患者，MCA-M1段重度 狭窄患者154例，闭塞患者174例。对于MCA-M1段重度狭窄患者，MCA远端血流信号差与短期预后不良独立 相关［优势比（OR）0.32，95%置信区间（95%CI）0.14~0.72］，但PCA偏侧化与短期预后无统计学相关性（OR 2.28， 95%CI 0.85~6.15）；对于MCA-M1段闭塞患者，出现PCA偏侧化与短期预后良好独立相关（OR 3.54，95%CI 1.32~ 9.48），但MCA远端血流信号与短期预后无统计学相关性（OR 0.58，95%CI 0.22~1.48）。【结论】症状性MCA重度 狭窄和闭塞患者的短期预后与3D-TOF-MRA的血流信号有关，但两者的特点不同。MCA-M1段重度狭窄患者 的短期预后与3D-TOF-MRA上显示的MCA-M1段病变远端血流信号（前向血流信号）相关；MCA-M1段闭塞患 者的短期预后与3D-TOF-MRA上的PCA偏侧化（侧支循环血流信号）相关。

【目的】探讨自发性硬脑膜动静脉瘘（DAVF）诊断延误的相关因素及对预后的可能影响。【方法】连续纳入102 例在中山大学附属第一医院确诊为自发性DAVF患者。分析了诊断延误的相关因素及对治疗和预后的影响。预后为出 院时症状是否痊愈、改善或无改善。【结果】从发病到确诊DAVF的中位时间为3个月（四分位数间距：1～6个月）。与诊断 较早组（诊断时间≤3个月）相比，诊断较晚组（诊断时间＞3个月）头痛（P = 0.012）、眼睑下垂（P = 0.035）和颅内病灶（P = 0.001）比例更低，结膜充血（P = 0.004）、耳鸣（P = 0.021）、视力障碍（P＜0.001）、孤立视力障碍（P = 0.007）和较晚完成影像 学检查（P＜0.001）比例更高，手术切除或夹闭病灶比例更低、血管内治疗比例更高（P = 0.005），出院时症状已痊愈或改善比 例更低（P = 0.033），其中有视力障碍者痊愈或改善的比例较无视力障碍者更低（P = 0.023）。与伴随其他症状的视力障碍 者相比，孤立视力障碍患者以发作性黑朦或视朦起病（P＜0.001）、双眼受累（P＜0.001）和严重视力下降（P = 0.057）比例更 高，均有颅内高压［中位数（四分位数间距）：405（370-512）mmH 2 O］，更多引流至横窦-乙状窦（P＜0.001）而非海绵窦（P＜ 0.001），但出院时痊愈或改善比例无差别（P = 0.739）。【结论】诊断延误在自发性DAVF中是值得注意的，它会影响症状的改 善，尤其是伴有视力障碍的患者。

CVT发病率低，但临床漏诊及误诊率高。提高对CVT的认识，及时诊断和治疗有助于改善患者预后。本章节介绍CVT的诊断和治疗流程，包括影像诊断技术的应用、抗凝药物的选择和疗程、血管内治疗的选择以及并发症的防治等方面。 Abstract: The incidence of CVT is low, but the rate of clinical missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis is high. Improving understanding of CVT, timely diagnosis and treatment can help improve the prognosis of patients with CVT. This chapter presents recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of CVT, including the application of imaging diagnostic technology, the selection and treatment course of anticoagulants, the selection of intravascular treatment, and the prevention and treatment of complications.

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Professor Chen Hongbing from Law School of Shandong University of Technology is a well-known expert in the study of traditional ecological ideology and culture in China. He has long been engaged in research on ecological culture, ecological philosophy, traditional ecological philosophy, Buddhist ecological philosophy, and traditional ecological folklore. He has presided over three projects funded by the National Social Science Foundation, and has published eight monographs and over 100 academic papers. On May 18, 2023, commissioned by the editorial department of Journal of Poyang Lake, Associate Professor Ma Yingxue, Director of the Department of Sociology from Law School of Shandong University of Technology, conducted an interview with Professor Chen Hongbing on the research process of traditional ecological ideology and culture, content, significance and trends of traditional ecological ideology and culture, and research methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to study the effect of energy saving and emission reduction in exterior wall renovation with different thermal insulation materials for residential buildings, taking the existing residential buildings in Jinan as the research object, the model was established by DeST-H energy consumption simulation software to study the influence of four high-performance thermal insulation materials on building energy consumption at different thickeners: expanded polystyrene board (XPS), graphite polystyrene board (SEPS), rigid foam polyurethane (PUR) and rock wool board (RW). The full life cycle method was used to analyze its economy. At the same time, the net present value method was further used to determine the optimal thickness of four kinds of high-performance thermal insulation materials, which were 55, 61, 88 and 38 mm respectively. Finally, the economic benefits and emission reduction effects of the optimal insulation thickness were analyzed. The results show that when the optimal insulation thickness is adopted, the CO2 emission is reduced by 59 759. 93 ~ 61 968. 44 kg, the SO2 emission is reduced by 1 787. 383 ~ 1 864. 65 kg, the NOx emission is reduced by 893. 69 ~ 932. 32 kg, the pollutant emission is reduced by 30% ~ 33%, the environmental benefits ranges from 20 353. 48 yuan to 21 187. 71 yuan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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