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Objectives: In view of the low accuracy of flow forecast in tidal reach due to the combined influence of runoff and tide, combining the ability of variational mode decomposition (VMD) to process non-stationary signals and the advantages of back propagation (BP) neural network to deal with nonlinear problems, this paper proposes a new method for discharge prediction in tidal reach based on the combination model of tidal current harmonic analysis and VMD-BP neural network. Methods: First, the harmonic analysis method is used to separate the tidal discharge and residual discharge from the original discharge. Second, a BP neural network is constructed based on error backpropagation algorithm. Then, the BP neural network is used to simulate and train the power flow data and residual current data processed by VMD. Finally, the output tidal discharge and residual discharge components are superimposed and reconstructed to obtain the final discharge prediction results. Results: Experiments performed at the Xuliujing section of the Yangtze Estuary show that the discharge prediction accuracy of BP neural network method is better than that of traditional harmonic analysis method, with the root mean square error (RMSE) is decreased by about 3 400 m³ /s, and the relative standard accuracy (RSD) is increased by about 6%. In addition, compared with the traditional method, RMSE of the proposed method in this paper is decreased by about 5 000 m³ /s, and the RSD is increased by about 9%. Conclusions: The combined model based on harmonic analysis and VMD-BP neural network can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of discharge in tidal reach. At the same time, it also provides a new idea for the discharge prediction in the waters with variable flow conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of olanzapine and aprepitant in preventing chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in the patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy ( HEC), and to explore more economical alternative schem e for preventing CINV. Methods One hundred and fifteen patients receiving cisplatin or cyclophosphamide combined with epirubicin chemotherapeutic scheme in the oncology department of the hospital from March 2015 to January 2017 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the APD group (n = 62) and OPD group (n = 53). The OPD group used olanzapine combined with palonosetron and dexam ethasone for preventing CINV,and the APD group adopted aprepitant combined with palonosetron and dexamethasone for preventing CINV. The efficacies were compared between the two groups, and the cost effectiveness of olanzapine and aprepitant in preventing CINV, nausea (grade 0 and grade 1) control rate, complete remission (CR) w ithout vomiting and no rescue treatment conducted the comparative analysis. Results The two groups had no significant nausea(grade 0 and grade 1),and the CR rate had no statistical difference during the acute stage, delayed stage and whole process between the two groups (P>O. 05) . There were no obvious grade 3 and grade 4 drug toxicity reactions in the two groups. Conclu sion Olanzapine can replace aprepitant as an alternative drug for the prevention of CINV in the patients receiving HEC regimen, and it is worth recommending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

评价某院住院患者使用替加环素的临床疗效和用药合理情况。方法 采用回顾性研究分析,收集该院 2018年1-12月使用替加环素住院患者的病例资料(临床诊断、病原学检查、药物治疗方案、联合用药、不良反应等),共70例,并对其临床应用的合理性进行打分。结果 该院2018年使用替加环素抗感染治疗的患者病原学送检率为100.00%,临床抗菌有效率为52.86%,用药合理率为60.00%,出现不良反应1例(1.43%)。结论 替加环素在该院患者的临床应用中基本合理,但应注意严格管理替加环素的使用,并控制其适应证、用药方案、用药监测和不良反应等,降低细菌耐药性,提高用药合理性。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

口的评价業院位惠者使用替如环素的临床丹就和用药合理精况,方法宋用 性研完分析、收集或院 2018 年年 1一12 月使用普加环畫位院恩者的兩州资料(估床诊断、病原学检查防物治疗方業,联合司药,不良反应等),共 70 例.f 叶其准在用的合理性进行打分,结果试院 2018 年使用醬加环素从 染治疗的患者病原学送按平为 100. 00%,临未就前有 此车为 52. 86%。药合理本为 60,00%.出現不良及在 1 例 (1. 43%).结论 停加坏素在该院惠者的 临床及用中基本合理,但e 注意产格管理加环畫的使用,并制其运应证,用药方業、用药监測和不良及在等降低f苗耐药性.提需药台理性. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influenced by external magnetic interference, bottom tracking bias due to bedload movement and instrument precision, the accurate azimuth and reference of boat velocity are difficult to establish and even incorrect when measured by a acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), which causes ADCP flow measurement to be invalid and thus limit ADCP application. To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional ADCP measurement, this paper puts forward a new method of high-accuracy ADCP measurement by means of an external sensor array. The assignment of the external sensors such as GPS compass array or fiber optic gyrocompass was studied and the resettlement program determined. Calculation models for parameters such as the installation error of ADCP transducer, the attitude parameters (roll, pitch and heading) of vessel, the absolute vessel velocity and the azimuth of ADCP transducer are provided. Based on these parameters in reference to the ADCP measurement principles, a set of new models for determining ADCP flow velocity by replacing the absolute vessel velocity, azimuth and attitude provided by ADCP with those provided by the external sensors were developed. The proposed method and models are validated by an experiment conducted on the Yangtze Estuary. These experimental results show that this proposed method improves the accuracy of the measurement of flow velocity, and enhances the range of applications for ADCP measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the incidence trend and epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Shenzhen, to provide reference for scientific prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods and Join-point regression model were used to analyze the surveillance data of infectious diseases among children in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2022. Results A total of 249 614 cases of 31 infectious diseases were reported in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence of 4 981.47/100 000, showing a stable trend [annual percentage change (APC)=7.19%, P>0.05). The main diseases were respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases, accounting for 53.93% and 46.00% of the total cases, respectively. The top five cumulative reported cases were hand-foot-mouth dis- ease, influenza, chicken pox, other infectious diarrheal diseases, and mumps. Among them, the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease and mumps decreased slowly, but the trend test was not statistically significant (APC was -9.70% and -3.98%, respectively, P > 0.05). Influenza and chickenpox showed a "rising-falling" trend, with the turning point in 2019. The rising trend of influenza from 2013 to 2019 was statistically significant (APC=166.11%, P=0.005), and the downward trend of chickenpox from 2019 to 2022 was statistically significant (APC=-52.42%, P=0.022). Other infectious diarrheal diseases showed an upward trend (APC=19.15%, P=0.002). The incidence of infectious diseases in kindergarten children showed a bimodal type, with a peak in summer and winter-spring. The proportion of intestinal infectious diseases in girls was lower than that in boys (P<0.001). The proportion of intestinal infectious diseases in children aged 3 years and above was lower than that in children under 3 years old (P < 0.001). Conclusion The overall incidence of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Shenzhen is relatively high. The vaccination rate of EV71, influenza, and varicella vaccine should be further improved. At the same time, comprehensive prevention and control measures such as monitoring and early warning, health education, and institutional health management should be taken to effectively control the occurrence and prevalence of common infectious diseases among kindergarten children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In order to analyze the independent physical contribution of the post-seismic relaxation term on global positioning system(GPS)observing displacements, the regional post-seismic relaxation time and the characteristics of its spatial distribution are studied.Methods: The logarithmic function is used to describe the post-seismic relaxation term, and the logarithmic relaxation time is estimated from postseismic GPS coordinate time series by using nonlinear weighted least squares method. Steps are as follows: Remove the gross errors; fix the step items; remove the constant term and the steady-state velocity term; the logarithmic relaxation terms are modeled for the preprocessed GPS coordinate time series.Results:Taking the 2009—2019 continuous coordinate time series of the global navigation satellite systems earth observation network stations in Japan as an example, the logarithmic relaxation time after 2011 Tohoku-Oki Mw 9.0 earthquake is estimated. It is found that the post-seismic relaxation time is significantly related to the epicenter distance and obeys the Gaussian distribution. Hence, a Gaussian function plus constant model is constructed to reflect the law of post-seismic relaxation time and epicentral distance. The peak value, peak position,half-width information,and minimum position of the Gaussian distribution curve of relaxation time after the earthquake are 3.5 a,0 km,262 km, and 0.5 a,respectively.The relaxation range with relaxation time more than 0.5 a is mainly concentrated in the region of about 524 km from the epicenter. The regional distribution of post-seismic relaxation effect is significantly different. The longer the relaxation time, the larger the average horizontal displacement of the relaxation term in the corresponding region, and there are two central regions with an average relaxation time of 2.5 years, which were consistent with the central region and time of the afterslip.Conclusions: The proposed algorithm on estimating the post-seismic logarithmic relaxation time can help to analyze the independent physical contribution of post-seismic relaxation term, the afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the using status of alanyl-glutamine injection in the hospital,and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the cases of alanyl-glutamine injection in all departments from January to March 2019.The patients' gender,age,weight,diagnosis,feeding status,liver and kidney function indicators, and the treatment course,dose and solvent of alanyl-glutamine injection were collected.The rationality of indication,solvent,treatment course and dose,and special patients of alanyl-glutamine injection were analyzed.Results There were some problems such as unreasonable compatibility of alany1-glutamine injection with some compound amino acid injection,treatment course and dose of very few patients exceed the requirements of the manual,and the use of alanyl-glutamine injection in a small number of patients with liver and kidney dysfunction.Conclusion There are still some problems in treatment course,dose,solvent and special patients when alanyl-glutamine injection is used in the hospital.It is necessary to further strengthen the intervention of clinical pharmacists to promote the rational use of drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the usage of antibiotics in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), so as to provide evidence for rational drug usage and provide reference for clinical pharmacists to perform pharmaceutical care work. Methods Original data of 100 hospitalized patients with AECOPD patients, treated in this hospital from Jan. to Mar. 2016 were collected to evaluated the distribution of pathogens, drug frequency(DDDs), drug use index (DUI) and daily drug cost (DDC) of antibiotics. Results Among the 100 hospitalized patients, the usage rate of antibiotics was 99.00 % . The application of antibiotics involved 12 kinds of 7 categories. The highest constituent ratio was 37. 37 % of quinolone, followed by cephalosporins and β lactamase inhibitor(27. 37 % ) . The treatment course of antibiotics was 133 days, with an average duration of (7. 77±4. 55) days . According to the DDDs ranking, the top 3 antibiotics were levofloxacin, cefodizime and cefoxitin, and according to DDC,the top 3 antibiotics were moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and azithromycin. Conclusion The mainly used antibiotics in this hospital were β lactams and quinolones. The usage of antibiotics in this hospital could be basically reasonable, but there might still be some unreasonable usage in the treatment of AECOPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ship-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements have been used to obtain detailed observations of the spatial patterns of flows. To separate tidal and sublidal currents from the ship-mounted ADCP data at tidal reach, traditional harmonic analysis method require redundant measurements, and complex tidal current separation operations. Developments in radial basis function (RBF) interpolation theory are demonstrated to significantly improve the quality of the tidal velocity field extracted from the measurements. Tidal current separation method of RBF using greedy fit couldn't optimal centers for RBF, and the over-fitting of RBF would lead to the instability of separation model. To overcome these deficiencies, this paper proposes an improved tidal current separation method of radial basis function using gradient training. The tidal current separation results in Xuliu-jing section verified the feasibility of the tidal current separation method of gradient training RBF. The inner precision of reconstructed flow field based on the tidal current separation method using gradient training is better than 0.21 m/s, and the prediction accuracy is better than 0.25 m/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]