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The temperature of reconstruction soil with 0-120 cm thickness,soil respiration rate and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content were determined.The study area is divided into four kinds of monitoring areas for A (15-40 cm),B (40-60 cm),C (60-80 cm),and D (80-100 cm) according to topsoil in order to analyze the reconstruction soil filling with coal gangue profile temperature change with different topsoil thickness and its influences on MBC content and soil respiration.The results show that the highest temperature and temperature change range of surface soil (5 cm) of the monitoring area is A > B > D>C.The annual average temperature of the monitoring area of A and B are higher than C and D for 1 ℃.The existence of coal gangue will affect the temperature change of soil with 0-20 cm thickness,and the surface soil temperature amplitude decreases with the increase of topsoil thickness.When the topsoil thickness is greater than 80 cm,the temperature change of the soil layer is almost not affected by coal gangue.The influence of coal gangue on surface temperature increases with the solar radiation increases and the soil layer temperature decreases with topsoil increases.The value of Tc (the temperature influence coefficient of coal gangue on surface soil) can accurately analyze the influence of coal gangue on soil layer temperature and calculate topsoil thickness.There is no obvious correlation between the MBC content and soil temperature.The too thick or too thin topsoil is not conducive to the MBC accumulation,but the topsoil thickness in 60-80 cm is the most conducive to the MBC accumulation and its annual average content is 83.46 mg/kg.Soil respiration rate of reconstruction soil is correlated to soil temperature,but the differences between reconstruction soil with different topsoil thicknesses are mainly affected by coal gangue.With the topsoil thickness increasing,the effects of coal gangue layer on reconstructed soil are reducing.Thus,the respiration rate of reconstructed soil is gradually enhancing with topsoil thickness increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal gangue is the solid waste from coal mining. Because of weathering, the physico-chemical properties of the coal gangue exposed on the ground's surface changes constantly. In order to study the change of coal gangue physico-chemical properties under the effects of weathering, the electrical conductivity, pH value and cation exchange capacity, 3 major physico-chemical indices are chosen to analyze their change characteristics and general regularities with the weathering time and the buried depth of coal gangue. The research chooses the distributing area of coal gangue with different weathering age, and divides the research layer into upper layer and lower layer, which are from surface to 30 cm depth and from 30 to 60 cm depth, respectively. A total of 135 samples from 5 coal gangue hills with different weathering age in Panbei, Panyi as well as Xinzhuangzi coal mines in Huainan mining area are collected with the stratified sampling method. The results show that there are certain change regularities of the physico-chemical properties of the coal gangue. The electrical conductivity and pH value of coal gangue decrease with the increasing of weathering age. And the cation exchange capacity increases along with the increasing of weathering age. The 3 indices of fresh coal gangue have a faster decrease rate within the early 2 a. The electrical conductivity reduces by 30% and the pH value falls by nearly 10% within the early 2 a. Then they change slowly. The cation exchange capacity can be increased by 17% within the early 2 a, and then its change grows slower. The change characteristics of physico-chemical properties of the coal gangue in profile are also obvious. Through the comparative analysis of the upper and lower layers, it is found that the electric conductivity and pH value in the upper layer are generally slightly higher than that of the lower layer, while the cation exchange capacity in the upper layer is slightly lower than that of the lower layer. The difference of pH value between the 2 layers is only from 0.1 to 0.3. The spatial and temporal variations of coal gangue conductivity, pH value and cation exchange capacity are all closely related to the weathering time or the degree of weathering. The great change occurs in the physico-chemical properties of coal gangue exposed to the ground's surface within 2 a. It shows that the weathering is significant. Of course, the temperature effect and hydrolysis as well as other physical processes play the role in the process. Lumpiness decrease of coal gangue due to physical weathering can speed up the change of chemical and other physical indicators. From the angle of the mining area land reclamation, these changes of the physical and chemical properties of coal gangue will be in favor of land reclamation in the mining area. The results provide the theoretical basis for land reclamation of coal gangue storage area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study area was divided into four kinds of sampling plots as A (>100 cm),B (60-100 cm), C(40-60 cm), and D (20-40 cm) according to different topsoil thicknesses. The soil or coal gangue samples from different depths of reconstruction soil profile were collected to determine their water content (WC), pH value, bulk density (BD), organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Thus the authors studied the effect of topsoil thickness on active organic carbon (AOC) distribution. The results show that the SOC content of soil layer 0-20 cm increases 0.48 g/kg in the test field after 5 a, while DOC and MBC average content is respectively 46.86 mg/kg,46.09 mg/kg. The recovery progress of organic carbon stock from the reclaimed soil in the experimental field is slower compared with other areas, which it is mainly subject to the nature of the reclamation soil and land utilization pattern. The SOC content of the same soil layer in the test zone is in relation to A>B>C>D, namely, the SOC content of the reclaimed soil filled with coal gangue also increases with the topsoil thickness increases. The MBC content of soil layer 0-20 cm in the sampling plots B and C is relatively higher, that too thick or thin for topsoil thickness are not conducive to the MBC accumulation of surface soil. The DOC content of coal gangue layer in plot D is as high as 97.90 mg/kg, and that of surface soil also reaches 64.80 mg/kg, which is higher than that of other sampling plots. The DOC of the topsoil may be affected by coal gangue layer when the topsoil thickness is thinner. The Soil qMBC value of coal gangue layer can not accurately reflect the reconstruction soil fertility quality, but the topsoil fertility quality and SOC can be represented with its MBC content.MBC and pH value, BD show a significant negative correlation (p<0.01), while it and WC have a significant positively correlation (p<0.05). The relationship of above mentioned soil physico-chemical properties and SOC, DOC is on the contrary to MBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study selected coal gangue piles and reclaimed soil of Panyi coal mine in Huainan as research object, the spatial distribution characteristics of soil salinity were investigated during the stockpiling of coal gangue. Meanwhile, the simulated rainwater acidity was also determined to test the static immersion. The main factors affecting the dissolution and release of weathered coal gangue were disclosed. The results showed that the average soil salinity content was slightly higher than that of soil background value. In the horizontal direction, the soil salinity content was affected by the leaching and migration of the coal gangue piles in the 4 m range around the coal gangue piles. The soil salinity was at slightly salinization level between the 1 m and 2 m at the foot of coal gangue piles. It shaped as V distribution in vertical direction and the average salt contents of soil at different depths were slightly higher than background value. The cations were mainly composed of k ++Na+ and the anion was mainly HCO3-. The composition of soil salinity was characterized by NaHCO3, and no significant differences were found for the contents of the same ions between different depths. Static immersion experiment of weathered coal gangue showed that the smaller the size of the particle, the faster the TDS dissolution rate,and the salt content in the solution was higher. The variation of TDS value in the immersion was great at different solid-liquid ratios, followed the order of TDS1∶5>TDS1∶3>TDS1∶15>TDS1∶10. While at different acidities, those values followed the order of TDS5.6>TDS6.8>TDS6.0>TDS6.4. With the increasing temperature of the soaking solution,the smaller the size of the particle it was more influenced by the temperature. Finally,the phytoremediation technology and control measures of soil salinization were discussed. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the ecological reclamation and comprehensive utilization of coal gangue, and also provides an important reference for solving the soil environmental problems in similar mining areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]