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【目的】通过型特异性单抗与噬菌体随机 12 肽库的生物淘洗,确定 2 型登革病毒E 蛋白分子的抗原表位。【方法】以 DEN2 型特 异的 E 单克隆抗体作为筛选分子,生物淘洗噬菌体随机 12 肽库,将筛选的噬菌体阳性克隆进行 ELISA 检测、DNA 序列测定及展示肽的氨基 酸序列推导,通过展示肽序列与 DEN2 E 蛋白的氨基酸一级结构的对比,确定 E 蛋白的抗原优势表位并用相应的合成肽验证。【结果】常规生 物淘洗获得富含芳香族氨基酸并有 aHWbW 核心结构的克隆,确定为非特异的塑料结合噬菌体。 改进淘洗方法后, 肽库筛选的噬菌体阳性克 隆有共同的结构模体 WFKKGS,与DEN2 E 蛋白分子的390～ 397 有3～ 5 个氨基酸相同。其对应的合成 10 肽能与淘洗单抗特异反应,并可抑 制噬菌体阳性克隆与该单抗结合。【结论】本实验通过噬菌体随机肽库的生物淘洗确定 DEN2 E 蛋白 390～ 397 氨基酸残基(WFKKGSSI)存 在一线性的 B 细胞抗原表位。

【目的】探讨EBV-LMP1 重组体DNA 免疫小鼠后的免疫效果。【方法】将已构建的EBV LMP1 基因(EBV LMP1)重组质粒pcDNA3-BLMP1 肌肉注射免疫Balb/ c 小鼠, 在免疫后的不同时间分别用ELISA、流式细胞仪及LDH 法检 测免疫小鼠体内特异性EBV LMP1 抗体滴度、CD4 +/CD8+ T 淋巴细胞亚群的数量变化以及EBV LMP1 特异性细胞毒性T 淋巴细胞(CTL)的活性。用pcDNA3 质粒及PBS 作为阴性对照及空白对照。【结果】重组质粒免疫Balb/c 小鼠后, 可在外周 血液血清中检测到特异性的EBV LMP1 抗体;其脾细胞中CD4+/ CD8+ T 淋巴细胞亚群数量明显高于阴性对照及空白对照, 且 可检测到EBV LMP1 特异性的CTL 存在。以上结果在免疫16 周之内无明显改变。【结论】EBV-LM P1 质粒重组体可刺激小 鼠产生特异性的体液和细胞免疫, 并且可维持一定的时间, 具有较好的免疫原性, 是一种有效、制备方便的EBV 候选疫苗。

【目的】研究来源于鼻咽癌细胞株SUNE1 及EBV 标准株B95 -8 细胞中两种EBV LMP1 基因在真核细胞Balb/c 3T3 中的表达, 为进一步研究EBV LMP1 基因的核酸疫苗打基础。【方法】将两种不同来源EBV LMP1 基因的真核表达质粒, 经 脂质体法转染Balb/ c 3T3 细胞后, 用Western blot、免疫组化及PCR 的方法检测不同转染细胞中EBV LMP1 蛋白的表达及核酸片 段。【结果】PCR 结果表明在两种不同来源LMP1 转染细胞中均有EBV LMP1 基因序列, 并均能表达63 ku 的蛋白质, 经Western blot 和免疫组化结果证实均为EBV LMP1 蛋白。【结论】来源于B95-8 细胞及鼻咽癌细胞SUNE1 的两种EBV LMP1 基因均能在 真核细胞Balb/ c 3T3 中表达。

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BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is an age-related degenerative syndrome, and the relationship between mitochondrial autophagy and exercise in preventing and treating sarcopenia has been demonstrated. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews detailing the specific receptor proteins and signaling pathways involved in the role of exercise in sarcopenia prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively introduce the specific receptor proteins and signaling pathways related to mitochondrial autophagy and their role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia through exercise. METHODS: A literature search was conducted between February 1, 2023, and April 1, 2023, covering literature from database inception to April 2023. Databases included the Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, and VIP. Keywords used for the search included sarcopenia, muscle wasting, aging, elderly, mitochondria, mitochondrial function, proteins, pathways, and others. After strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 76 articles were ultimately included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function with age, and its pathogenesis involves neuromuscular functional decline, chronic inflammation, acid-base imbalance, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial autophagy is an important process for clearing damaged mitochondria in cells, in which receptor proteins and signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy. Exercise can promote the occurrence of mitochondrial autophagy by regulating the activity of these receptor proteins and signaling pathways, thereby playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Exercise can induce mitochondrial autophagy in sarcopenia by upregulating AMPK, phosphorylating ULK1, and reducing mitochondrial energy, enhancing the expression of mitochondrial autophagy-related proteins associated with AMBRA1, and regulating the PINK1/Parkin pathway, to improve mitochondrial dysfunction caused by sarcopenia. In addition, exercise can activate the mTOR pathway to promote muscle growth and increase glucose uptake, thereby preventing and treating sarcopenia. Future studies are needed to further investigate the specific mechanisms and regulatory pathways of mitochondrial autophagy-related receptor proteins and signaling pathways in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia by exercise, and to conduct more clinical trials in humans, thereby to promote further development in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In response to the issues of inadequate feature representation in existing face anti-spoofing algorithms and poor cross-dataset generalization performance, this paper proposed a face anti-spoofing method based on content-style enhancement and feature embedding optimization. Firstly, this method utilized a ResNet-18 encoder to extract generic features from multiple source domains, and then subjected to separation through two self-adaptive modules with different attention mechanisms, enhancing the representation of global content features and local style features. Secondly, based on the AdaIN algorithm, it organically fused content features with style features, further improving the feature representation, and the fused features were subsequently input to specific classifiers and domain discriminators for adversarial training. Finally, by employing average negative samples and semi-hard sample triplet mining to optimize feature embeddings, effectively striking a balance between intra-class cohesion and inter-class discrimination, better capturing the boundaries between genuine and spoofed categories. The proposed method was trained and tested on four benchmark datasets, suchas CASIA-FASD, REPLAY-ATTACK, MSU-MFSD, and OULU-NPU. It achieves accuracy of 6.33%, 12.05%, 8.38% and 10.59% respectively, which are superior to existing algorithms. This indicates that the proposed method can significantly improve the generalization performance of face live detection models in cross-dataset testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Aiming at the problems of low chip area utilization, long design cycle and high manufacturing cost in BAW filter layout, this paper proposed a BAW filter automatic layout method based on improved artificial swarm algorithm. Firstly, it constructed the evaluation model of automatic layout, and simplified the difficulty of automatic layout by combining the sequen- tial layout of circular container with the clustering layout based on rotation angle coding. At the same time, it used an im- proved artificial swarm algorithm to search for the optimal sequential layout and aggregation layout of BAW filters. Finally, combining the design case of multiple BAW filters to verify the validity of the automatic layout algorithm, the effective area of the layout was about 17% higher, the overall layout was square, and the automatic layout of the filter took only 30 min to com- plete. The results show that the algorithm can improve chip area utilization and reduce the design cycle of BAW filter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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【Objective】To explore the resistance and genetic diversity of 76 common wild rice germplasm resources to brown planthopper in Guangxi, and to provide reference for the rational utilization of excellent resistant rice germplasm resources.【Method】The resistance to brown planthopper at seedling stage was identified in 76 common wild rice germplasm resources from 8 populations in Lingui, Guigang, Yongning, Bobai, Hengzhou, Fusui, Yulin and Fangchenggang. The genetic diversity of the tested materials was analyzed using 62 SSR primers and population genetic structure was analyzed using Structure ver 2.3.4, and cluster diagram was constructed. The genetic differentiation coefficient and gene flow among populations were analyzed by GenAlEx 6.5, and molecular variance analysis was performed for different populations.【Result】The results showed that 7 materials showed high resistance, 34 materials were resistant, 31 materials were moderately resistant, and 4 materials were moderately susceptible. In the genetic diversity analysis, 669 alleles were detected in the 76 materials, with an average of 10.79 alleles per locus, and the allelic variation ranged from 4 to 19, including 348 rare alleles, accounting for 52.02% of the total, with an average of 5.613 per locus; the main allele frequency variation ranged from 0.158 to 0.855, with an average of 0.373. Nei’s genetic diversity index (He) gene ranged from 0.260 to 0.894 with an average of 0.754, and the variation of polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.248 to 0.885 with an average of 0.727. He of the eight populations were: Fangchenggang ＞ Yongning ＞ Guigang ＞ Bobai ＞ Fusui ＞ Hengzhou ＞ Yulin ＞ Lingui, and resistance was not significantly correlated with population latitude and He (P＞0.05), and the correlation coefficient (r) between population latitude and population He was -0.822, reaching a significant level (P＜0.05). When K=3, the tested germplasms could be divided into 3 groups., similar to the results of cluster analysis; 85.71% of the eight populations showed moderate genetic differentiation between two populations; gene flow analysis showed frequent gene exchange between the populations of Fangchenggang, Bobai, Yongning, and between Guigang and Fusui. AMOVA analysis showed that the sources of genetic variation were mainly intra-individual and inter-individual, and the proportion of inter-group variation was small. 【Conclusion】Most of the materials in this study showed good resistance to brown planthopper and rich genetic diversity, and it is important to identify new resistance genes and excellent alleles, and transfer new resistance gene using modern molecular biology techniques to breed resistant rice varieties with multi-resistance and high-quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A hierarchical elliptical perforated-panel metamaterial (HEPMM) is proposed to investigate the effect of boundary load on its bandgaps (BGs). In this research, the boundary load was applied directly to the boundary of HEPMM, and the finite element method was adopted to study the effect of BGs with structural deformation which caused by the boundary load. Three-dimensional finite element models of different hierarchical elliptical perforated panels were established, and simplified into two-dimensional structure to investigate the in-plane bandgap characteristics conveniently. Then, the bandgap characteristics, transmission loss and different vibration modes of HEPMM with and without boundary load were simulated and analyzed. According to the results, the BGs frequencies are reduced by introducing hierarchy. Meanwhile, full BGs and directional BGs are additionally opened under boundary load, thus the propagation of elastic wave is suppressed effectively. The study provides a new idea to design perforated-panel metamaterial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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