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Objective: To investigate the role of miR-125b in the cell proliferation of colon cancer. Methods: The miR-125b-overexpressed HCT116 cells were used to test the effects of miR-125b on the proliferative ability of cells. Then the above cells were used to subcutaneous injection to establish the nude mice xenograft model. The growth of the tumors was detected for valuating the effect of miR-125b on colon cancer cells. The expression of miR-125b was also tested in clinical tissue. Results: According to the results of MTT, miR-125b could repress the proliferation of HCT116 ((P<0.001). In vivo, compared with the control group, the growth of xenograft tumors of over-expressed miR-125b was significantly slower and the volume was smaller (P<0.05). The expression of miR-125b in cancer tissue was much lower compared with normal mucosa tissue adjacent to cancer (P<0.05). Conclusions: miR-125b is a kind of anti-proliferative micro RNA in colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]