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Drug therapy is the main treatment for elderly cancer patients. Given the unique characteristics of elderly patients with cancer, including aging and underlying comorbidities, inadequate medication literacy not only decreases medication adherence but may also lead to adverse drug events. This study provides a review of the current status, influencing factors and intervention strategies related to medication literacy during oral chemotherapy in elderly cancer patients. The aim is to offer insights for enhancing medication literacy and ensuring medication safety during oral chemotherapy in elderly cancer patients. (药物治疗是老年肿瘤患者主要的治疗方式。老年肿瘤患者群体特殊, 药物素养不足不仅会降低其用药依从性, 甚至可能导致用药不良事件的发生。本研究就老年肿瘤患者口服化疗药物期间的药物素养的概念、现状、评估工具、影响因素及干预策略等方面进行综述, 旨在为提高老年肿瘤患者口服化疗药物期间的药物素养、保障用药安全提供参考。)

This paper summarized the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing of a case of severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with acute intestinal obstruction complicated with pneumonia secondary to gastric adenocarcinoma treated with anti-PD-1. The main points of nursing included: disease monitoring, nausea and vomiting nursing, lack of knowledge and other general nursing measures. The key and difficult points of nursing for this case were complicated with intestinal obstruction and ICPis related diabetes. Therefore, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing and corresponding nursing measures were taken to relieve the clinical symptoms and improve the rehabilitation of the patient. (本文总结1例基于胃癌免疫治疗引起重度糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)伴肠梗阻并发肺炎患者的中西医结合护理经验。患者病情复杂, 合并症多, 在加强病情监测、心理护理、恶心呕吐护理、健康宣教等常规护理的基础上, 针对并发症采取肠梗阻护理干预、DKA急性发作期护理干预, 改善患者症状, 促进患者早期康复。)

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has many advantages, such as simple preparation, low production cost, and high safety, and has been widely used in the study of bone defect repair in oral and maxillofacial surgery, but there are problems such as too fast degradation rate and short release time of growth factors. OBJECTIVE: PRF was loaded into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel and its osteogenic properties were analyzed by in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS: (1) New Zealand white rabbit venous blood was extracted to prepare PRF. GelMA hydrogels containing 0, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 g PRF were prepared, respectively, and were recorded as GelMA, GelMA/PRF-0.05, GelMA/PRF-0.075, and GelMA/PRF-0.1, respectively, to characterize the micromorphology and in vitro slow-release properties of the hydrogels. (2) Four kinds of hydrogels were co-cultured with MC3T3-E1 cells, respectively, and the cell proliferation activity was detected with the single cultured cells as the control. After osteogenic induction, alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization ability, mRNA and protein expression levels of osteogenic genes (osteocalcin, osteopontin, RUNX2), ERK1/2-p38 MAPK pathway protein mRNA and protein expression levels were detected. (3) Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were taken. Four full-layer bone defects of 8 mm diameter were prepared in the skull of each rabbit, one of which was implanted without any material (blank control group), and the other three were implanted with GelMA hydrogel, PRF, and GelMA/PRF-0.1 hydrogel, respectively. The bone defect was detected by Micro-CT and bone morphology was observed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscopy observed that all the hydrogels of the four groups had honeycomb pore structure, and the pore size of the hydrogels decreased slightly with the increase of PRF content, but there was no significant difference between the groups. The three groups of GelMA/PRF hydrogel could release transforming growth factor β1 and insulin-like growth factor 1 at a certain rate, and the cumulative release of transforming growth factor β1 and insulin-like growth factor 1 increased significantly with the extension of time. (2) CCK-8 assay and live/dead staining showed that GelMA/ PRF hydrogel could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The results of alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining, and osteogenic gene detection showed that GelMA/PRF hydrogel could promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, and inhibit the expression of ERK1/2-p38 MAPK pathway protein, and showed a PRF content dependence. (3) Micro-CT scan showed that the bone mineral density and bone volume fraction in the bone defect of GelMA/PRF-0.1 hydrogel group were higher than those in the other three groups (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that compared with the other three groups, GelMA/PRF-0.1 hydrogel group had faster and more mature new bone formation at the bone defect. (4) These findings indicate that GelMA/PRF hydrogel has good osteogenic activity both in vivo and in vitro, which may be related to inhibiting the expression of ERK1/2-p38 MAPK pathway protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To study the effects of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Pheretima, Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, etc.) on learning and memory ability, hippocampal inflammatory response and autophagy-related protein expression in rats with hypertension complicated with depression (HD) . Methods Thirty spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into model group, positive control group (Levamlodipine Besylate 0.45 mg·kg-1 + Fluoxetine Hydrochloride 1.80 mg·kg-1) and Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription high-, medium- and low- dose groups (25.38, 12.69, 6.34 g·kg-1) . Another 6 SD rats were used as blank control group. The SHR rats were intervened by chronic mild unpredictable stress combined with solitary rearing to replicate the HD rat model. At the same time, intragastric administration was given once a day for 6 weeks. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of rat tail artery were measured by non-invasive sphygmomanometer. The learning and memory ability of rats was detected by Morris water maze test. The ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons was observed by transmission electron microscope. The contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18 and IL-10 in hippocampus were detected by ELISA. The expression of autophagy-related proteins Beclin1 and Bcl-2 in hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3Ⅰ and LC3Ⅱ in hippocampus was detected by Western Blot. Results Compared with the blank control group, the SBP and DBP of the rats in the model group were significantly increased from week 1-6 (P＜0.01). The escape latency was significantly prolonged on the third and fourth day (P＜0.01) . The first time of crossing the platform was significantly prolonged (P＜0.01), the times of crossing the platform area was significantly reduced (P＜0.05), and the retention time of the platform area was significantly shortened (P＜0.01) . The neuronal cell body was obviously swollen, the ridge was destroyed, the nucleus was shrunk, and a large number of autophagosomes appeared； the contents of IL-1β and IL-18 in hippocampus were significantly increased (P＜0.01) . The ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ protein expression and the expression of Beclin1 protein in hippocampus were significantly up-regulated (P＜0.05, P＜0.01), and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly down-regulated (P＜0.01) . Compared with the model group, the SBP of rats in the low-dose group of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly decreased at the weeks 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 (P＜0.01), and the DBP was significantly decreased at weeks 1, 3, 4, 5 (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). The SBP of the rats in the medium-dose group of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly decreased at weeks 1, 5, 6 (P＜0.01), and the DBP was significantly decreased at week 4 (P＜0.05). The SBP of rats in the highdose group of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly decreased in the first week (P＜0.01). The escape latency of rats in the high- and medium- dose groups of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly shortened on the third day (P＜0.05), and the escape latency of rats in the high- and low- dose groups of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly shortened on the fourth day (P＜0.05) . The first crossing platform time of rats in the high-, medium- and low- dose groups of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly shortened (P＜0.01) . The times of rats crossing the platform area in the medium- and low- dose groups of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription were significantly increased (P＜0.05), and the retention time in the platform area was significantly prolonged (P＜0.05) . In the administration group, the degree of hippocampal neuron damage was reduced, the nuclear shrinkage was significantly improved, and the autophagosomes were reduced. The contents of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 in the hippocampus of rats in the high- and medium- dose groups of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription were significantly decreased (P＜0.05, P＜0.01) . The content of antiinflammatory factor IL-10 in the hippocampus of rats in the high-dose group of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly increased (P＜0.01) . The protein expression ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ in hippocampus of high-, medium- and low- dose groups of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly down-regulated (P＜0.01), and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly up-regulated (P＜0.01) . The expression of Beclin1 protein in the hippocampus of the high- and medium- dose groups of Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription was significantly down-regulated (P＜0.05, P＜0.01) . Conclusion Gouteng Jiangya Jieyu Prescription can reduce the tail arterial pressure of HD rats, improve their learning and memory ability, and alleviate hippocampal neuronal damage. The mechanism may be related to reducing the release of inflammatory factors, increasing the level of anti-inflammatory factors, and regulating the expression of hippocampal autophagy-related proteins LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ, Beclin1 and Bcl-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To investigate the application effect of wax therapy combined with Reyanbao in patients with knee osteoarthritis with wind-cold-dampness impediment type. Methods A total of 114 patients with wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome from January 2020 to November 2021 were randomly divided into three groups:groups A(the control group), B(the wax therapy group) and C(the wax therapy combined with traditional Chinese medicine Yanbao group), with 38 cases in each group. Group A received routine treatment and HYJ anti-inflammatory machine(Chongqing Shuming Technology Development Co., Ltd., HYJ-III) and intermediate frequency therapy(Chengdu Qianli Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd. ). Group B received wax therapy on the basis of routine treatment, and group C received wax therapy combined with self-made traditional Chinese medicine Yanbao on the basis of routine treatment. After two weeks, the scores of quality of life measurement(AIMS2-SF), pain score and the total score of osteoarthritis efficacy index of McMaster University in Western Ontario, Canada were compared before and after treatment. Results The pain score of group C was lower than that of the first two groups, and the quality of life score of group C was more than 86, which was higher than that of the other two groups. After treatment, the total treatment efficiency of group C was 97. 3%, the total effective rate of group B was 76. 3%, and the total effective rate of group A was 50. 0%. Conclusion Wax therapy combined with self-made traditional Chinese medicine Yanbao is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with wind-cold-dampness arthritic knee osteoarthritis, and can effectively improve the quality of life of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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由于呼吸内科在中国现代医学系统中处于关键的地位, 因此呼吸系统检验技术是开展对呼吸系统疾病诊 断中的最主要方法, 而吸入内镜技术也是呼吸内科诊断中的最主要的方法之一, 因此使用吸入内镜医生能够更直接、精 确、迅速的掌握病人的状态, 和其他呼吸内科的诊断方法比较有着很大的优越性. 当前呼吸内镜技术已有了相当普遍的 运用, 而随着现代医学技术水平的日益提升, 呼吸内镜技术也将会进一步的发展和完善, 并具有越来越广泛的发展空 间. 就目前呼吸内镜技术在呼吸内科治疗中的使用状况, 展开介绍并讨论了呼吸内镜技术在未来发展中的重点方向. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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