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Rural heating is one of the main sources of carbon emissions in northern China. In this study, the“26+2”Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei air pollution transmission corridor urban agglomeration designated by the Winter Clean Heating Plan in the Northern Region (2017—2021) was used as the study area. Based on the framework of“estimating potential biomass energy-calculating alternative traditional fuel resources conversion-evaluating pollutant and carbon emission reduction effect”, the potential of biomass energy conversion and clean heating of crop straw and livestock and poultry excrement were quantitatively analyzed. Based on the panel data in 2019, the biomass energy potentials of crop straws and livestock and poultry emissions were considered. The biomass potential of these wastes indicate a reduction compared to the 6.66 million tons of standard coal or 5.5 billion m³ of natural gas, with emission reductions of approximately 0.21 million tons of pollutants (SO2, NOx) and 17.01 million tons of CO2 when fully exploited. In this study, the spatial distribution of biomass energy utilization potential of various crop straw and livestock manure in 28 prefecture-level cities (municipalities) in the study area and the effects of clean heating and emission reduction in each province were analyzed. Studies have shown that wheat and maize have the highest potential for resource utilization. The biomass energy utilization potential of the breeding industry was higher than that of planting industry, and the poultry breeding industry was the highest. The quantitative results could provide a useful reference for promoting the use of biomass energy to replace traditional fuels such as coal for clean heating in rural areas of“26 + 2”typical areas and exploring the development path from“agricultural waste”to“rural heating source”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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[Objective] This paper studied the characteristics of the microbial community in purple soil pond mud and its relationship with environmental factors. [Method] Using slightly alkaline purple soil as the substrate to simulate the purple soil pond culture process, the environmental factors and microbial species of the pond mud in spring, summer and autumn were determined, and the correlation analysis was carried out by redundancy analysis. [Results] (1) SOM, TN, TP, TK and other nutrients in pond mud showed an increasing trend, and they accumulated significantly more during spring and summer. (2) The density of pond mud microorganisms (aerobic or facultative anaerobic) gradually decreases, the species diversity gradually increases, and the community uniformity does not change much. (3) Proteobacteria and Bacteroides in pond mud in spring, summer and autumn are all dominant categories; not only probiotics such as nitrifying bacteria and actinomycetes, which are beneficial to fisheries, but also Flavobacterium Pathogenic microorganisms such as Enterobacter, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas. (4) RDA analysis showed that SOM, TP, and AP are the main environmental factors that affect the diversity of the microbial community in pond mud, and have a significant negative correlation with microbial density (P<0.05); The main environmental factors of functional microbes are significantly negatively correlated with most microbes (P<0.05), positively correlated with probiotics, and negatively correlated with harmful microorganisms except Enterobacteriaceae (P<0.05). (5) The abundance of probiotics is highest in pond mud in summer and the lowest in pond mud in spring, and the abundance of harmful bacteria is highest in pond mud in spring. [Conclusion] The environmental factors of the purple soil pond mud are the main influencing factors of the microbial community structure, and the microbial community in the pond mud is not only the ecological restoration function library, but also the pathogen reservoir of aquaculture products. Among them, the abundance of harmful bacteria in the pond mud is the highest in spring, so Disease prevention measures should be strengthened in spring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]