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Objective: To compare the differences in noninvasive perfusion index (PI) before and after extubation between the right palm (preductal) and right sole (postductal) in the preterm infants, and to discuss whether the conventional frequency mechanical ventilation (MV) mode has an effect on it, and to clarify the correlation between the respiratory severity score (RSS) and PI.Methods: The preterm infants with the gestational age (GA) ≥32 weeks and body weight (BW) ≥1 500 g who were born with respiratory distress and underwent noninvasive assisted ventilation therapy, with pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2)<90%, requiring conventional frequency MV assistance, were selected. A total of 55 patients met the inclusion criteria were included. The extubation was carried out after meeting the criteria 24 h after birth. The median values within 30 s after stabilization of PI in the right palm and right sole were recorded before and after extubation. At the same time, the ventilator parameters such as the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) and the mean airway pressure (Pmean) before extubation were recorded. The paired samples t-test was used to compare the differences in PI of the right palm and right sole before and after extubation; multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between GA, BW, and RSS with the preductal PI of the right palm before extubation and the correlation between FiO2 and Pmean with PI. Results: The PI of the right palm before extubation was lower than after extubation (P<0. 05); the PI of the right sole before extubation was lower than that after extubation (P<0. 05); the linear regression analysis results showed there was no correlation between GA and PI (P>0. 05), there was a positive correlation between BW and PI (b=0. 44, standardized regression coefficient (β)=0. 25, P<0. 05)], and there was a negative correlation between RSS and PI (b=-0. 56, β =-0. 68, P<0. 05), and the regression equation was PI=1. 9+0. 44×BW-0. 56×RSS; the further multivariate linear regression analysis results of the ventilator parameters showed that the ventilator parameters constituting the RSS, FiO2 (;b=-2. 52, β=-0. 27, P<0. 05) and Pmean (b=-0. 39, β=-0. 63, P<0. 05), both showed a linear relationship with PI and they were risk factors for it, and the β value of Pmean was greater than that of FiO2, indicating that the former had a greater impact on PI. Conclusion: The conventional frequency MV mode can affect PI, and RSS under this mode is a risk factor for PI; higher RSS can have an adverse effect on the circulation, and Pmean has a greater impact on PI compared with FiO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the impact of propofol on angiogenesis in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) rats and the role of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in this process. Methods Female Wistar rats were randomly grouped into sham operation group, PMOP group (bilateral ovariectomy), groups of propofol 2.5 mg/kg and of 5.0 mg/kg and propofol+Wnt inhibitor group (propofol 2.5 mg/kg + Wnt inhibitor 2 mg/kg), with 10 rats in each. The serum level of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), nuclear factor κB receptor activating factor ligand (RANKL), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); bone mineral density (BMD) of femur was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining microscopy was applied to observe pathological changes of bone tissue; the expression of CD31 in bone tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry; Western blot was applied to detect the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), VEGFA, CD31, Wnt2, phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3 (p-GSK-3) and β-catenin in bone tissue. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the serum RANKL level of PMOP group increased, the level of BALP, OPG, VEGF, Ang-1, expression of CD31 and protein level of BMP-2, Runx2, VEGFA, CD31, Wnt2, p-GSK-3, β-catenin all decreased (P＜0.05), the bone trabecula was damaged and the medullary cavity was enlarged; compared with the PMOP group, the changes of the above indexes in the propofol groups and the propofol+Wnt inhibitor group were obviously relieved(P＜0.05); compared with the propofol 5.0 mg/kg group, the propofol +Wnt inhibitor group showed inhibition in the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, and weaken the promotion of propofol on angiogenesis, bone metabolism regulation and bone tissue morphology improvement in PMOP rats(P＜0.05). Conclusions Propofol may promote angiogenesis and regulate bone metabolism in PMOP rats by activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway as the potential mechanisms involved in anti-PMOP role process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]