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Background Currently, the diagnosis of depressive disorder relies on symptomatology, which is greatly influenced by subjective factors such as clinicians' experience. Finding more accurate and reliable quantitative diagnostic methods is currently an urgent problem. Objective To explore the value of Fisher discriminant function based on inflammatory cytokines in the diagnosis of depressive disorder, so as to provide references for clinical diagnosis. Methods A total of 136 patients diagnosed with depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) criteria, who underwent inpatient treatment at Hebei Mental Health Center from April 2020 to November 2020, were enrolled as study group. 67 healthy participants matched for age and gender, was recruited during the same period. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokine were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fisher discriminant model was employed to establish a discriminant function for inflammatory cytokines exhibiting significant statistical differences between study group and control group, which was then validated. Results The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (INF-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were higher in the study group compared with control group, with statistically significant differences (U=9. 115，5. 239，4. 431，5. 428，P<0. 01). Conversely, the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) were lower in the study group compared with control group, with statistically significant differences (U=7. 398，7. 331，7. 614，P<0. 01). The retrospective test in Fisher discriminant function achieved a correct discrimination rate of 89. 66%, and the cross validation achieved a correct discrimination rate of 88. 67%. Conclusion The Fisher discriminant function developed in this study may serve as a valuable auxiliary method in the diagnosis of depressive disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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