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旨在低成本制备零反式、低饱和人造奶油基料油，以高油酸葵花籽油和棕榈硬脂为原料油，采用国内外9种脂肪酶为催化剂催化酯交换制备人造奶油基料油，以固体脂肪含量（SFC）和滑动熔点为考察指标，筛选出一种经济且高效的脂肪酶，采用单因素实验和响应面法优化其酶促酯交换的反应条件，并对比酶促酯交换反应前后油脂的脂肪酸组成、甘三酯（TAG）组成以及热力学性质。结果表明：国产毕赤酵母菌脂肪酶价格低廉且催化活性高；酶促酯交换最优工艺条件为酶添加量17%、反应时间 28 min、反应温度48 ℃；在最优条件下进行10倍放大实验，其5、25 ℃时的SFC分别为22.35%、11.67%；与酯交换前相比，酯交换产物的脂肪酸组成无显著变化，TAG由U3和S3型向S2U和SU2型转化，酯交换率为76.40%，中间熔点的TAG含量增加，高熔点和低熔点TAG含量降低，熔化所需热量减少，利口爽滑感更强。因此，国产毕赤酵母菌脂肪酶价格低廉，适宜作为酶促酯交换制备零反式、低饱和人造奶油基料油的催化剂。Aiming to prepare zero trans and low saturated margarine base oil at low cost, using high oleic acid sunflower seed oil and palm stearin as raw materials, 9 lipases from domestic and foreign as catalysts, margarine base oil was prepared by transesterification, and an economical and efficient lipase based on solid fat content (SFC) and sliding melting point as inspection indicators was selected. Then single factor experiment and response surface methodology were used to optimize the reaction conditions of enzymatic transesterification with the selected lipase as catalyst, and the fatty acid composition, triglyceride(TAG) composition, and thermodynamic properties of the base oil before and after enzymatic transesterification were compared. The results showed that the domestic Pichia pastoris lipase was inexpensive and had high catalytic activity. The optimal conditions for enzymatic transesterification were enzyme addition amount 17%, reaction time 28 min and reaction temperature 48 ℃. The base oil was prepared by 10× magnification experiment under the optimal conditions, and its SFC at 5 ℃ and 25 ℃ were 22.35% and 11.67%, respectively. Compared with the oil before transesterification, the fatty acid composition of transesterification products had no significant change, TAG transformed from U3 and S3 to S2U and SU2, the transesterification rate was 76.40%, the content of TAG at middle melting point increased, the content of TAG at high melting point and low melting point decreased, the heat for melting decreased, and the taste was smoother. Therefore, domestic Pichia pastoris lipase is inexpensive and suitable as a catalyst for the preparation of margarine base oil by enzymatic transesterification.

Copyright of Chinese Mental Health Journal / Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi is the property of Chinese Mental Health Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery is the property of Chinese Journal of Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of a tractor without a mop during braking conditions, and to avoid permanent damage to the front landing gear of the aircraft, the GTL160 model domestic towbar-less aircraft tug and a Boeing 737-800 civil aviation aircraft were taken as research objects. After force analysis, a 3D model of the vehicle was established by Solidworks, and Adams was imported for dynamic simulation to study the maximum load on the front landing gear during linear and turning motion braking operations. The results indicate that due to the increase in braking force, the impact and load on various components of the front landing gear increase. It can be seen that under actual operating conditions, the load on the front landing gear should not exceed the maximum load capacity of its components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Resources & Environment / Nongye Ziyuan yu Huanjing Xuebao is the property of Journal of Agricultural Resources & Environment Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Aimed at exploring the carbon emission patterns and the path to achieve the “dual carbon” goal of the Yellow River Basin (YRB), we studied the spatial differentiation pattern of annual carbon emissions in the nine provinces (regions) of the YRB from 1997 to 2019, determined the carbon emission trend and carbon peaking status and analyzed the main driving factors of carbon emissions in the YRB. The results show that a) the multi-year average carbon emissions of the Yellow River Basin from 1997 to 2019 are 2.361 billion tons, and from the perspective of carbon emissions of various provinces (regions), Shandong, Henan, Inner Mongolia and Shanxi has large emissions (accounting for 72.95% in total), while Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai has relatively smaller emissions (accounting for 27.05% in total). b) During the study period, the carbon emissions of the Yellow River Basin have been experienced three stages of no growth, rapid growth and slow growth, and the growth rate slows down after 2012, but the carbon peak has not yet been achieved. c) The carbon emissions of the nine provinces (regions) in the Yellow River Basin are similar before 2011, diverging in 2012 and later, with carbon emissions from Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Shandong hovering at high levels, Sichuan and Henan peaking in 2013 and 2011 respectively, and Qinghai’s carbon emissions reaching the maximum in 2016 and showing a downward trend but still not peaking. d) The main carbon source of carbon emissions in the YRB is coal consumption, which accounts for 79.93%, and the proportion of carbon emissions from coal consumption in seven provinces (regions) except Ningxia and Shandong shows a downward trend, among which, Sichuan, Qinghai and Henan have higher decline rates. e) Economic development is the main driving force for carbon emissions in the YRB, and improving energy structure, reducing energy consumption intensity and improving energy utilization efficiency are important ways to reduce carbon emissions in the YRB. The provinces (regions) in the YRB have different paths to achieve the “dual carbon” goal due to their natural endowments, resources status, economic development level and dependence on energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nanjing Medical University: Natural Sciences is the property of Journal of Nanjing Medicial University (NMU) Medical Publications Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oncology is the property of Chinese Journal of Oncology / Zhonghua Zhongliu Zazhi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Industry is the property of Natural Gas Industry Journal Agency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Natural Gas Industry is the property of Natural Gas Industry Journal Agency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Architectural Journal / Jian Zhu Xue Bao is the property of Architectural Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Water Conservancy & Electric Power Technology & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer is the property of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health is the property of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore the feasibility of conventional smears and liquid-based cytologic slides of lymphatic metastasis specimens of lung adenocarcinoma acquired by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) to detect the expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK/D5F3) by immunocytochemistry (ICC) analysis. Methods The lymphatic metastasis specimens of 147 lung adenocarcinoma，including 100 liquid-based cytologic slides and 47 conventional smears，were collected in this study. ALK fusion protein was detected by Roche Ventana ICC technology，which was compared with the ALK fusion gene assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR). Results The positive rate of ALK ( D5F3) fusion protein in advanced lung adenocarcinoma acquired by FNAC was 11.6% (17/147)，and 10.6% (5/47) and 12.0% (12/100) were reached in conventional smears and liquid-based cytologic slides，respectively. Among 147 cases，57 cases including 17 positive cases and 40 negative cases were verified by RT-PCR and FISH. The whole coincidence rate reached 96.5% (55/ 57). The sensitivity and specificity of ALK ( D5F3) fusion protein detected in lung adenocarcinoma acquired by FNAC were 94.1% (16/17) and 97.5% (39/40)，respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were both 100% (5/5 of sensitivity and 10/10 of specificity) in conventional smears，while 91.7% (11/12) and 96.7% (29/30) in liquid-based cytologic slides. Conclusion Conventional smears and liquid-based cytologic slides of FNAC samples can be used to perform ICC analysis of ALK ( D5F3) expression in advanced lung adenocarcinoma, especially for patients who have no opportunity for surger^^ or whose resected samples are difficult to form cell block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To find a highly effective anti-cancer compound, to design and synthesize novel norcantharidin derivatives, and to test its anti-tumor activity. Methods Maleic anhydride was reacted with furan for obtaining the midhody 5,6-dihydrogen norcantharidin, then further reacted with liquid bromine for obtaining the midbody 5, 6-dibromo norcantharidin and ul-teriorly generated multiple bromo-substituted norcantharidin amide derivatives by the heating reflux reaction with multiple aromat­ic amines. The compounds C1,C2,C3,C5,C8 were performed the inhibiting activity test of human hepatoma HepG2 cells and human gastric cancer BGC803 cells by CCK-8 method. Results In the action at a concentration of 50 μmol/L, the proliferation inhibiting rate of 5 kinds of tested compounds on human hepatoma HepG2 cells was 48.20%, the minimum was 7.10%, the highest inhibiting rate of 4 kinds of tested compound on human gastric cancer BGC803 cells reached 64.23% ;the proliferation inhibiting rate on gastric cancer BGC803 cells reached more than 50.00%. Conclusion Bromo-substituted norcantharidin amide derivatives have a certain anti-gastric cancer activity, but its anti-hepatoma activity is relatively weak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的 观察年龄及视觉经验对大鼠初级视皮层II/III层α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异噁唑丙酸（ AMPA ）受体GluR2/3表达的影响。方法 40只健康新生Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组25只、单眼形觉剥夺（MD）组15只。对照组（于生后7、14、21、28、45 d）、MD组（于造模后饲养至21、28、45 d）各取5只取脑组织，采用荧光免疫组化染色法观察两组GluR2／3在视皮层的表达。结果 GluR2／3阳性反应物在大鼠视皮层17区II/III层分布较密集，阳性细胞主要位于细胞膜及部分胞质。对照组大鼠视皮层II/III层GluR2／3阳性细胞数、AOD值14 d最小，与7 d比较差异无统计学意义（ P均＞0．05），与21、28、45 d比较差异有统计学意义（P均＜0．05），14～45 d阳性细胞数、AOD值逐渐增加。 MD组21、28、45 d阳性细胞数及AOD值与对照组比较均明显下降（P均＜0．05）。结论大鼠视皮层II/III层GluR2／3的表达呈年龄依赖性，视觉发育关键期内其表达受视觉经验的调节，异常视觉经验可以影响视皮层的功能。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]