In this study, the second-generation Eucalyptus urophylla/Dalbergia odorifera mixed forest (MP) was used as the research object, and the second-generation Eucalyptus urophylla pure forest (PP) was used as a control (CK), and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and The soil enzyme activity characterizes the soil microbial community structure and function, and focuses on the influence of the introduction of Dalbergia odorifera mixed planting in southern subtropical PP on the soil microbial community structure and function. The results showed that: (1) Compared with PP, the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), state-of-state nitrogen (NH-N), 05 nitrogen (NO-N) and pH value of MP increased significantly and increased significantly compared with PP. 61.92% (P<0.05) 60.12% (P<0.05), 72.87% (P<0.01), 488.49% (P<0.01) 15.97% (P<0.05); (2) MP fungim bacteria (F /B) Significantly reduced, but the total microbial biomass, Gram-negative bacteria/positive bacteria (C/C) did not change significantly; (3) The composition of the soil microbial community of MP changed subsequently, and the pH value, NH- N and the mass of two falling matter (CN) are the most significant factors that drive the variation of the composition of the microbial community; (4) MP's B-glucosidase (BG) and N-acetate-glucosidase (NAG) activities Significantly increased, while peroxidase (PER) activity was significantly reduced, and acid oxidase (PO) and acid phosphate (ACP) activities did not change significantly. Dalbergia ․ It may be an effective disposal management measure to improve the soil quality of eucalyptus forests [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]