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Objective To investigate the knowledge of monkeypox among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Central Jiangsu Province in 2023, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of monkeypox in this population. Methods The monkeypox questionnaire designed by Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used to investigate HIV Voluntary Counseling & Testing (VCT) clinic and social organizations in central Jiangsu Province. Excel 2010 and SPSS19. 0 software were used to organize and analyze the data. Also, univariate and multivariate Logistic regressions were used to analyze the factors affecting the awareness rate of monkeypox knowledge, χ² test was used to compare the difference of concern degree of monkeypox among people with different characteristics. Results A total of 1 290 valid questionnaires were collected. The majority were aged from 26 to 50 years, accounting for 65.04% (839/1 290). The majority of the students were college students, bachelor students or above, accounting for 64.26% (829/1 290). The awareness rate of monkeypox was 26. 12%, and the complete awareness rate was 15.27%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the related factors with higher awareness rate of monkeypox included Taizhou (OR = 6. 710, 95% CI: 4. 309 - 10.447), high school/technical school (OR =2.461, 95% CI: L 270 - 4.769), college (OR = 2. 515, 95% CI: L 311 - 4. 825), bachelor, s degree or above (OR = 2.253, 95% CZ: 1. 184 -4.288), concerned about monkeypox epidemic and related situation (OR = 1. 684, 95% Cl: 1, 188 - 2. 387) (all P < 0. 05). The correct rates of monkeypox symptoms, preventive measures and transmission routes were 30. 78%, 42. 25% and 27. 75%, respectively. 1 186 people (91. 94%) paid attention to monkeypox epidemic and prevention knowledge from WeChat, Weibo and other network new media. MSM with different regions (χ² = 65. 348, P < 0. 001), age groups (χ²= 19. 422, P = 0. 001), educational levels (χ² = 31. 447, P < 0. 001), marital status = 11. 162, P = 0. 025), results of the latest HIV test (χ² = 37. 793, P < 0. 001), sexual orientations (χ² = 39. 441, P < 0. 001), whether they had sexual contact with the same sex in the last 6 months = 29. 329, P < 0. 001), and whether they had sexual contact with overseas personnel (χ² = 29. 199, P < 0. 001), paid different attention to monkeypox information, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion The awareness rate of MSM monkeypox knowledge in central Jiangsu Province is low, and the accuracy rate of monkeypox symptoms, transmission routes and prevention and control measures are low. Therefore, it is necessary to publicize monkeypox symptoms and transmission routes through new media such as WeChat, Weibo, Douyin and Baidu in the later stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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