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In order to explore the evolution characteristics of runoff in the Yellow River basin, this paper analyzed the natural runoff data of Huayuankou Hydrological Station from 1919 to 2016 for nearly 100 years. The order of clustering analysis, Mann-Kendall mutation test and sliding t-average method were used to analyze the mutation points of the runoff sequence in Huayuankou Hydrological Station. Linear trend regression test, Mann-Kendall trend test and Spearmann rank correlation test were used to analyze the trend of the runoff series before and after the mutation point. The results show that the runoff mutations in the Yellow River basin were relatively obvious at 1933-1934 and 1989-1990. The mutation of the former is mainly caused by large-scale changes in natural factors (such as temperature, precipitation), and the latter is mainly caused by changes in the basin scale of artificial factors (water use increasing and the bottom surface changing). In 1919-1933, the trend of runoff change is relatively significant, passed 0.10 of the significant level test, showing a downward trend. In 1934-1989 and 1990-2016, the trends of runoff changed are more smoothly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to comprehensively promote the protection and restoration of aquatic ecological environment, according to the arrangement of the Ministry of Water Resources, pilot work on ecological flow in the lower Yellow River had been carried out from 2016 to 2018 and the flow indicators of ecological function maintenance and ecological service demand in the Lower Yellow River had been studied. Taking 2018 Yellow River downstream ecological water regulation as an example, this paper analyzed the ecological regulation practice. Through the determination of the objectives and principles of ecological water quantity regulation, the research and implementation of the ecological water quantity regulation scheme and the analysis of the regulation effect were carried out. The results show that the practice of ecological water regulation in the Lower Yellow River has effectively increased the freshwater resources into the sea, increased the satisfaction degree of ecological flow, further increased the area of wetland in the lower reaches, maintained and improved the function of ecological corridor in the river course and promoted the protection and restoration of aquatic habitats of the Yellow River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]