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Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Network & Information Security is the property of Beijing Xintong Media Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the artificial ground freezing project, the average temperature is the basic parameter for evaluating the frozen soil curtain state and the mechanical analysis of the frozen soil curtain. The average temperature calculation of the frozen soil curtain formed by the single row pipe freezing is studied in this paper. Based on the analytical solution of the steady state temperature field of a single row pipe freezing, the integral calculation of the temperature is directly performed. Using the partial integral method and the integral median theorem, the calculation formula of the average temperature of the single row tube freezing is obtained, and the formula is simplified according to the actual parameter values in the project. Considering that the temperature field analytical solution is not applicable in the frozen pipe area, the same integral strategy is used to solve the influence of the frozen pipe area on the average temperature calculation, and the average temperature calculation formula is corrected. The results of the average temperature calculation formula were compared with the results of the thermal steady state numerical simulation of the single row pipe freezing using ANSYS. The pipe spacing l=0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 m, and there are six kinds of frozen development states with relative thickness ξ/l=0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.5. The values of soil parameters are taken according to the test report and the freezing parameters are commonly used in engineering. The comparison calculation results show that the formula calculation is in good agreement with the numerical calculation results. When the relative thickness is over more than 0.5, the difference between the formula calculation result and the numerical calculation result is rapidly reduced to within 0.5 °C with the development of the frozen soil thickness (relative thickness increase). When the relative thickness is greater than 0.6, the difference between the results is less than 0.2 °C. When the relative thickness is 1 or greater, the difference is less than 0.1 °C. The accuracy of the average temperature calculation formula is verified by numerical simulation, and the rationality of the formula simplification and correction is also explained. The error calculated by the formula satisfies the requirements of engineering application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Regarding all analytical solutions, only the steady-state temperature field of the single-circle-piped freezing is available with frozen and unfrozen core. However, there is no solution for the double-circle-piped freezing. In this paper, the model of the steady-state temperature field of double-circle-piped freezing is firstly established according to the theory of heat conduction. Then, the conformal mapping is used to convert the double-circle-piped freezing model into a special double-row-piped freezing model. After that, according to the separability of boundary conditions for harmonic equations, the solution of the double-row-piped freezing is presented by decomposing the model into two special single-row-pipe freezing models. Thereby,the solution of the double-circle-piped freezing model is obtained. Comparison of the analytical solution with the numerical thermal analysis and the model test shows that the analytical solution is in good consistency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authors carried out an in-situ prototype test and focused on the thawing process and temperature field variations both by naturally thawing and "naturally+enforced"，thawing. The results showed that the time of both modes was shorter than that of other conventional freezing applications since the volume of the frozen soil was small. Hence, the enforced thawing by brine at ordinary temperature achieved some good results. What is more, after releasing the thermal insulation curtain in the holly pipe, the thawing rate was high enough so that the enhancing tubes could be turn off. As an important part of the research on the freezing effect of FSPR, this test is the first time to study the thawing rules, which is essential for the subsequent construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taking into account the poor accuracy of “Chengbing” formula and the complexity of theoretical solutions, a unified empirical formula was proposed to calculate the average temperature of single-row-pipe，double-row-pipe and three-row-pipe frozen soil wall. This formula is concluded from the form of the equivalent section method. Within the possible range of the freezing pipe layout parameters for the practical engineering conditions，a comprehensive error analysis was carried out，comparing the average temperature calculated by empirical formula with the numerical integration of analytical solutions. The results demonstrate that the error of the solution calculated by empirical formula can be controlled within ±1 °C，which bears more favorable accuracy for engineering compared with “Chengbing” formula. Meanwhile, the concise form of the empirical formula makes it possible for its wider application in practical projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Chongqing University of Posts & Telecommunications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The technique of hardware-based data prefetching can improve microprocessors' memory access performance efficiently. Implementation of this technique is urgently needed in Shenwei microprocessors to boost their performance, but it faces the restrictions from hardware cost and architectural characteristics. Based on existing research achievements and current industrial applications of prefetching technique, we propose a hardware-based data prefetcher implementation framework, which is highly coalescent with Shenwei microprocessors' architectural characteristics. Take the stream prefetcher as an example, the hardware data prefetching technique can improve integer performance of Shenwei microprocessors by 5.17% on average, 28.88% at most; and improve float performance by 6.39% on average, 30.11% at most, while the chip area is only increased by 0.97%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]