The dioecious Siraitia grosvenorii is a famous edible and medicinal plant in Cucurbitaceae, and both the food parts and medicinal parts of this plant are their fruits. Because of the important economic value, it has been widely planted for a long history in Guilin, Guangxi, China. However, the problem of pollen limitation in S. grosvenorii is urgently needed to be solved. In order to study the relationship between flower scent substance and flower-visiting frequency, and to find out the reasons for pollen limitation, we collected the scent substance of fresh male flowers of S. grosvenorii by dynamic headspace adsorption technique. After elution of the absorption column, the eluent was concentrated by nitrogen blowing method. Subsequently, the concentrated eluent was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this process, the collection, concentration, separation and identification of the scent substance in male flowers of S. grosvenorii were conducted. Finally, the relative content of each substance was calculated by the peak area normalization method. Among the scent substance of S. grosvenorii male flowers, we totally found five terpenes, one aromatic hydrocarbons, one alkanes and one esters, in which the terpenes occupy a relative content of 71.07%, ranking the highest content. This result showed a high agreement with that of the previous studies on composition of floral scent substance in Cucurbitaceae plants, and had good experimental reapeatability. Further analysis showed that the experiment system in this study is a solid and efficient method for the quantitative analysis of S. grosvenorii flower, laying the important foundation for the floral scent research towards the pollen limitation in this plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]