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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To analyze the effects of enteral nutrition on inflammatory stress and the influencing factors of intestinal flora disorder in patients with severe stroke. Methods: 82 severe stroke patients admitted from January 2022 to May 2023 were divided into control group and observation group, 41 each. The control group was treated with conventional treatment, and the observation group was treated with enteral nutrition. Compison of inflammatory response index, stress response index, APACHE II score, and GCS score before and after treatment, and analyze factors influencing the occurrence of intestinal dysbiosis. Results: Post-treatment, compared with the matched group: C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), noradrenaline (NE), cortisol (COR) and APACHE II score, alpha-1, glutathione, GSH-1) (GSH-Px), GCS score (P<0.05); by factor analysis, endotoxin, hypertension and diabetes were independent risk factors for intestinal dysfunction in severe stroke patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Enteral nutrition therapy can effectively reduce the degree of inflammatory stress in patients with severe stroke, and then increase the clinical benefit of patients, and the occurrence of intestinal flora imbalance in patients is related to hypertension, diabetes and high levels of endotoxin [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the clinical effect of alteplase combined with early enteral nutrition preparation on patients with acute cerebral infarction. METHODS: A total of 98 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted into Hai’an People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University from Jan. 2021 to Jun. 2023 were selected to be divided into observation group and control group via random number table method, with 49 cases in each group. The control group was given early routine self-made nasal feeding liquid diet after alteplase thrombolytic therapy, while the observation group received early nasal feeding enteral nutrition preparation after alteplase thrombolytic therapy. The clinical efficacy, nutritional status indicators [ prealbumin ( PA), albumin ( ALB) and total protein ( TP )], neurological function [National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)], neuro-impairment markers levels [serum neuron-specific enolase ( NSE), S100 calcium binding protein β ( S100β) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF )], Glasgow outcome scores ( GOS ), intracranial hemorrhage rate and hospitalization indicators were compared between two groups. RESULTS: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group [83. 7% (41 / 49) vs. 65. 3% (32 / 49)], with statistically significant difference (χ² = 4. 353, P<0. 05). After treatment, the PA level (t = 12. 593, P<0. 001), ALB level (t = 4. 583, P< 0. 001), TP level (t = 4. 497, P<0. 001), BDNF level (t = 4. 619, P<0. 01) and GOS score (t = 4. 342, P<0. 001) of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, the NIHSS score (t = 5. 371, P<0. 001), NSE level (t = 4. 342, P<0. 001) and S100β (t = 6. 015, P<0. 001) of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, the ICU stay (t = 4. 358, P<0. 001) and hospital stay (t = 6. 509, P<0. 001) of the observation group were shorter than those of control group, all of the above differences were statistically significant. One patient in the control group developed asymptomatic cerebral hemorrhage, while no patient in the observation group developed asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, no symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in both groups; the difference in intracranial hemorrhage rates between two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0. 05 ). CONCLUSIONS: Alteplase combined with early enteral nutrition preparation has significant efficacy in reducing nerve injury in patients with acute cerebral infarction, which also helps to promote the improvement of patients’ nutritional status and prognostic quality, with good clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been widely used in the treatment of malignant hematological diseases, non-malignant refractory hematological diseases and some solid tumors. Preconditioning of HSCT will inevitably cause damage to the gastrointestinal tract and increase the incidence of malnutrition. Malnutrition can affect hematopoietic reconstitution, increase the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and infection, and prolong hospital stay. At present, there are few reports on systematic nutritional intervention in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This article reviewed the nutritional risk screening and assessment tools, nutritional support methods and nutritional intervention models for patients undergoing HSCT, and provided reference for establishing related nutritional plan. (造血干细胞移植(HSCT)被广泛应用于恶性血液病、非恶性难治性血液病和某些实体瘤的治疗。HSCT预处理会对胃肠道造成不可避免的损伤, 增加营养不良风险。营养不良会影响造血功能重建, 增加急性移植物抗宿主病( aGVHD)及感染的发生率, 延长住院时间, 严重影响HSCT患者生存质量。本研究就HSCT患者营养风险筛查和评估工具、营养支持方式及营养干预模式进行综述, 旨在为HSCT患者营养干预方案的制定提供参考。)

Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Its symptom cluster can damage patients’ psychical and psychological health. It is required to enhance the symptom cluster management of patients with Crohn's disease. In this paper, the concept of symptom cluster, assessment tools of symptom cluster and intervention of symptom cluster were summarized to enlighten the future research direction and clinical nursing practice, aiming to provide reference for symptom cluster management and nursing of patients with Crohn's disease. (克罗恩病是一种常见的胃肠道慢性炎症性疾病, 克罗恩病症状群严重影响患者的身心健康和生活质量。因此, 加强克罗恩病患者症状群的管理是十分必要的。本研究就症状群的概念、克罗恩病症状群评估工具以及症状群干预等方面的现状进行总结和分析, 旨在为制定克罗恩病患者的症状群管理方案和护理工作提供参考。)

Objective: To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition (EN) based on energy metabolism monitoring on intestinal function, nutritional status and immune function in elderly critically ill patients. Methods: According to the random number table method,136 elderly critically ill patients who were admitted to of EICU Department of Nanjing First Hospital from April 2020 to January 2023 were divided into control group (routine EN) and study group (routine EN based on energy metabolism monitoring), with 68 cases in each group. The clinical indexes, nutritional status, immune function indexes, intestinal function indexes and incidence of complications were compared between two groups. Results: The EN compliance rate within 7 days and the success rate of weaning within 7 days in study group were higher than those in control group, the ICU hospitalization time and mechanical ventilation time in study group were shorter than those in control group, and the total incidence of complications was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). 14 days after intervention, the levels of albumin (ALB), serum total protein (TP), prealbumin (PA) and hemoglobin (Hb) in study group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). 14 days after intervention, the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgG and IgA in study group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). 14 days after intervention, the levels of D-lactic acid and diamine oxidase (DAO) in study group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: EN intervention based on energy metabolism monitoring in elderly critically ill patients, which can further improve the nutritional status, intestinal function and immune function of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gastric cancer is a common type of gastrointestinal cancer, and intolerance of early enteral nutrition may affect patients’ recovery and quality of life after surgery for gastric cancer. This paper reviewed studies on mechanism and application status of auricular acupoint sticking in the treatment of intolerance of early enteral nutrition, and provided reference and new ideas in clinical practice. (胃癌是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤, 术后早期肠内营养不耐受影响患者康复进程和生存质量。本研究就耳穴贴压在治疗胃癌术后早期肠内营养不耐受的机制、应用现状等进行综述, 对耳穴贴压治疗该病的机制和应用现状进行综述, 以期为临床探索新的治疗思路提供参考。)

Patients with end-stage liver disease after liver transplantation constantly suffer from malnutrition due to primary diseases and transplantation-related factors. Malnutrition will worsen clinical condition of the patients, increase the incidence of complication, length of hospital stay and medical expense after transplantation, and lower the survival rate. Sufficient nutritional support at all stages of liver transplantation is of significance. Accurate assessment of nutritional status and timely intervention are prerequisites for perioperative nutritional treatment in liver transplantation. In this article, the latest nutritional risk screening indexes and evaluation tools, nutritional support methods and other perioperative nutritional intervention measures for liver transplantation were reviewed, aiming to deepen the understanding and cognition of perioperative nutritional therapy for liver transplantation and provide reference for improving nutritional status and clinical prognosis of liver transplant recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To discuss the effect factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance (FI)of the patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP）, and to construct and verify the risk prediction model. Methods The data of 246 SAP patients were collected and the patients were divided into tolerance group (n=143)and non-tolerance group (n=103)according to whether the enteral nutrition FI occurred.Age, intra-abdominal pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, hypoproteinemia, and other related data of the patients in two groups were compared, the predictive factors of FI were screened out by Logistic regression analysis,and the prediction model was constructed.The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve (AUC)and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to verify the prediction effect of the model. Ninety-two SAP patients were selected to verify the predictive effect of the model. Results A total of 6 predictors,such as hypertriglyceridemia (OR=1.962, 95%CI：1.088－3.538,P=0.025）,hypoproteinemia(OR=1.920, 95%CI：1.049－3.516,P=0.034）,acute physiological and chronic health status Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ）≥score 20 points (OR=3.118, 95%CI：1.720－5.653,P<0.01）,intra-abdominal pressure ≥12 mmHg (OR=2.826, 95%CI：1.534－5.205,P=0.001）,time to start enteral nutrition ≥72 h(OR=2.350,95%CI：1.179－4.683,P=0.015）, and addition of microecological agent (OR=0.379, 95%CI：0.209－0.685,P=0.001)were included. The formula of the model was Z=－1.206+0.674×hypertriglyceridemia+0.652×number of patients with hypoproteinemia+1.137×number of patients with APACHEⅡ score ≥20 points +1.039×number of patients with intra-abdominal pressure ≥12 mmHg+0.855×number of patients with time to start enteral nutrition ≥72 h－0.971×number of patients with　addition of microecological agent. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results showed that χ2=5.985 and P=0.901, and the AUC of the prediction model was 0.793 (95%CI： 0.735－0.851, P<0.01）,the Yoden index was 0.498,the optimal critical value was 0.499, the sensitivity was 0.818, and the specificity was 0.680. The agent verification results of the model showed that the AUC was 0.880 (95%CI： 0.811－0.948,P<0.01）,the sensitivity was 0.774,the specificity was 0.867, and the accuracy rate was 81.52%. Conclusion The constructed risk prediction model of SAP enteral nutrition FI has high sensitivity and specificity, and good prediction efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The aim of this study is to explore the accuracy of using gastrointestinal decompression method to determine the tip position of the triple-lumen nasointestinal tube in critically ill patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 120 critically ill patients with indwelling triple-lumen nasointestinal tubes from June 2020 to April 2022. All patients underwent blind insertion of a triple-lumen nasointestinal tube. The patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group, where the experimental group used a gastrointestinal decompression device to connect the suction cavity with the opening in the stomach, and combined with auscultation and liquid reflux to measure pH value to determine whether the tip of the catheter passed through the pylorus; The control group only used auscultation and pH measurement with liquid reflux to determine whether the catheter position passed through the pylorus. Bedside X-ray was used to confirm the accurate position of the catheter tip. Results Among the 65 cases in the experimental group, 59 cases were successfully catheterized and 6 cases failed by the initial judgment, consistent with the results of bedside X-ray. Among the 55 cases in the control group, 46 cases were catheterized and 9 cases failed by the initial judgment, but only 39 cases were successful and 16 cases failed by the judgment of X-ray. There was a significant difference in the accuracy of catheterization between the two groups (χ2=8. 785, P=0. 003). Conclusion Gastrointestinal decompression method can quickly and accurately determine the tip position of the nasointestinal tube, which is of great help for clinical work. (目的 探讨运用胃肠减压法判断危重症患者三腔鼻肠管位置的准确性。方法 回顾性分析2020年6月—2022年4月120例留置三腔鼻肠管的危重症患者的病历资料。所有患者均为盲插法留置的三腔鼻肠管。根据鼻肠管导管尖端位置判断方法不同将患者分为研究组和对照组, 其中研究组采用胃肠减压装置连接开口在胃内的吸引腔, 并结合听诊和回抽液体测pH值的方法判断导管尖端是否通过幽门; 对照组仅使用听诊和回抽液体测pH值的方法判定导管位置是否通过幽门。床旁X线被用来证实导管尖端的准确位置。结果 研究组65例患者中, 初步判断59例置管成功, 6例失败, 与床旁X线的结果一致; 对照组55例患者中, 初步判断46例置管成功, 9例失败, 实际成功39例, 失败16例。两组置管准确率差异有统计学意义(χ2=8. 785, P=0. 003)。结论 胃肠减压法能够快速、准确地判断鼻肠管位置, 对临床工作具有重要帮助。)

This paper summarized the rehabilitation nursing management of a patient with severe traumatic brain injury complicated with multiple rupture of thoracic-abdominal organs based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery. Based on the enhanced recovery after surgery, a multidisciplinary team for rehabilitation management was set up. Comprehensive treatment and nursing interventions including postoperative management of intracranial pressure, management of traumatic liver injuries, exercise rehabilitation, postoperative thromboembolism prevention, enteral nutrition support and management of antiepileptic drug were carried out to prevent postoperative complications and improve the rehabilitation. (本文总结1例基于加速康复外科(ERAS)理念的重型颅脑创伤伴肝脾破裂、肋骨骨折、肺、肾挫裂伤危重症患者的康复护理经验。基于ERAS理念, 组建多学科康复管理团队, 制定全面的康复治疗方案, 包括术后颅内压管理、创伤性肝损伤康复、运动康复管理、术后血栓预防管理、术后肠内营养管理、术后抗癫痫等详细的康复方案, 有效预防相关并发症, 促进患者康复。)

Patients after stroke are often accompanied by disorders of consciousness and swallowing disorders, and giving enteral nutrition is of great significance to avoid malnutrition and improve the prognosis. Stress hyperglycemia is a common complication in the acute phase and has an unfavorable prognosis. Enteral nutrition has an impact on blood glucose. In this paper, a literature search on related issues was conducted, in order to review the relationship between enteral nutrition and blood glucose, intestinal nutrition, hyperglycemia, and Traditional Chinese Medicine care technology-assisted hypoglycemic treatment. (脑卒中患者常伴有意识障碍、吞咽障碍, 给予肠内营养对避免营养不良、改善预后具有重要意义。应激性高血糖是急性期常见并发症, 对患者预后不利。肠内营养会对血糖产生影响, 本文就相关问题进行文献检索, 对肠内营养与血糖的关系、肠内营养的管理、高血糖的管理以及中医护理技术辅助降糖进行综述。)

The application of enteral nutrition therapy is one of the important therapeutic measures during the treatment of critically ill patients. In this paper, the interventions of cluster nursing management for patients with enteral nutrition was described in perspectives of risk screening, nutrition assessment, pipeline nursing, nutrient solution configuration, complication prevention, and the operation standard and implementation of the process management were clarified, in order to provide reference for the further optimization of enteral nutrition nursing process in clinical practice. (肠内营养(EN)是危重症患者营养支持的重要治疗性措施之一。本文阐述了肠内营养患者集束化护理干预方法, 包含风险筛查、营养评估、管路的护理、营养液配置、并发症的预防等, 明确操作规范和实施的过程管理, 以期为EN护理流程的进一步优化提供参考。)

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of aspiration in neurocritical care patients with enteral nutrition, and to provide a reference for formulating strategies to prevent the incidence of aspiration. Methods From July 2020 to July 2021, 527 neurocritical care patients with enteral nutrition in a tertiary hospital in Jiangxi Province were selected, and they were divided into aspiration group and non-aspiration group according to whether aspiration occurred. The univariate and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze risk factors of aspiration. Results Totally 105 patients were included in the aspiration group and 422 patients in the non-aspiration group. The results of logistic regression showed that aspiration history (OR= 28. 122), sedative hypnotics (OR= 3. 188), catheterization depth (OR=0. 853) and Glasgow Scale score (OR= 0. 671) were the influencing factors of aspiration in neurocritical care patients with enteral nutrition. Conclusion The influencing factors of aspiration in neurocritical patients with enteral nutrition are various and complex, nurses should pay more attention to the risk factors, and taking protective measures in time to reduce the incidence of aspiration. (目的 调查神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的影响因素, 为制定防误吸策略和降低患者误吸发生率提供参考依据。方法 2020年7月—2021年7月, 选取江西省某三甲医院采用肠内营养支持的神经重症患者527例, 根据是否发生误吸分为误吸组和非误吸组, 应用单因素与Logistic回归分析神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的危险性因素。结果 共纳入患者527例中误吸组105例, 非误吸组422例。Logistic回归结果显示误吸史(OR＝28. 122)、镇静催眠药(OR＝3. 188)、置管深度(OR=0. 853)、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(OR＝0. 671)是神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的影响因素。结论 神经重症患者肠内营养误吸的影响因素多而复杂, 护理人员需加强对误吸高危因素的识别与防护, 及时采取防护措施, 降低误吸发生率。)

This paper summarized the nursing management of the nasogastric enteral nutrition for a patient with endotracheal intubation for acute respiratory failure complicated with severe pneumonia. Nursing interventions such as endotracheal intubation, nursing of enteral nutrition and prevention of aspiration and other issues were carried out to control infection, improve the patient’s pneumonia situation and reduce the occurrence of complications. (本文总结1例急性呼吸衰竭气管插管合并重症肺炎患者鼻饲肠内营养液的护理干预措施, 主要从气管插管、肠内营养的护理以及预防误吸等方面进行干预, 旨在控制感染, 改善患者肺炎症状, 减少并发症的发生。)

目的 探讨品管圈管理对降低肺结核有创机械通气患者肠内营养相关误吸发生率的效果, 规 范肠内营养流程, 为患者提供优质的护理服务。方法 选择该院肺结核机械通气患者315例及重症监护病房 (ICU)44名护士为研究对象, 分析实施品管圈后患者肠内营养时缺失项目占比情况, 并统计实施品管圈管理前 后护士对患者进行操作依从行为及患者误吸发生率, 护士对于肠内营养相关误吸知识的知晓情况、患者床头抬 高达标率。结果 通过品管圈改善后, 肠内营养相关误吸发生缺失项目占比率均显著下降, 护士对患者进行操 作依从行为均有所提升, 其中监测气囊压力合格率由75.95%提升到85.99%、声门下吸引执行率由72.78%提 升到84.08%、肺结核机械通气患者床头抬高达标率由改善前的80.38%提升到89.81%, 差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05)。误吸发生率下降至3.82%, ICU 护士对于肠内营养相关误吸知识的知晓情况均显著提高, 差异均 有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 品管圈管理显著降低肺结核有创机械通气患者肠内营养相关误吸发生率, 增 加护士对患者进行操作依从行为的同时加强护士对于肠内营养相关误吸知识的知晓情况。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of different proportions of enteral combined with parenteral nutrition treatment on patients with severe traumatic brain injury (s TBI). Methods: The subjects of study were s TBI patients admitted to the Neurointensive Care Unit of Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from October 2020 to August 2022. 70 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 35 cases each. Calculate the daily caloric requirements of patients and provide nutritional support according to different proportion of enteral and parenteral nutrition programs. The experimental group was given enteral and parenteral nutrition support at a ratio of 2:1, while the control group was given enteral and parenteral nutrition support at a ratio of 1:1. The differences of nutritional status indicators (hemoglobin, albumin, prealbumin, total protein), immune function indicators [CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8, immunoglobulin (Ig)A, Ig M, Ig G], inflammatory indicators [C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and complications between the two groups were statistically compared. Results: In terms of immune function, the levels of CD4, CD4/CD8 and Ig A in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group 14 d after nutritional support (P＜0. 05); There was no significant difference between the two groups in nutritional status, inflammatory indicators and complications (P＞0. 05). Conclusions: Enteral nutrition-based combined nutritional support can promote the recovery of immune function in patients with s TBI, but there is no significant difference in nutritional status, inflammatory indicators and complications between different proportions of enteral combined parenteral nutrition treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To compare the application effect of early parenteral nutrition and early enteral nutrition in patients after laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer, and to analyze the risk factors of anastomotic leakage. Methods: 216 patients with low rectal cancer who were admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to February 2022 were selected All patients underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into control group (early parenteral nutrition) and study group (early enteral nutrition), 108 cases in each group. The levels of clinical indicators, nutritional indicators and inflammatory factors in the control group and the study group were observed. The incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups was observed. The incidence of anastomotic leakage in the two groups was statistically analyzed. According to the occurrence of anastomotic leakage, the two groups were divided into anastomotic leakage group and non-anastomotic leakage group. The influencing factors of anastomotic leakage in patients after laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models. Results: The postoperative exhaust time, postoperative defecation time and hospital stay of the study group were shorter than those of the control group, and the hospitalization cost was less than that of the control group (P<0.05). 2 weeks after intervention, the levels of albumin, prealbumin and total protein in the two groups were increased, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). 2 weeks after intervention, the levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the two groups were decreased, and the study group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05). The results of univariate analysis showed that the incidence of anastomotic leakage was associated with age, gender, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, distance from anal margin, postoperative diarrhea, preoperative intestinal obstruction, intraoperative intraperitoneal infusion chemotherapy, and prophylactic terminal ileostomy (P<0. 05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender was male, distance from anal margin<5 cm, postoperative diarrhea, diabetes mellitus and preoperative intestinal obstruction were the risk factors for postoperative anastomotic leakage, while intraoperative intraperitoneal infusion chemotherapy and prophylactic terminal ileostomy were the protective factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: Early enteral nutrition after laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer can reduce inflammatory stress response, improve nutritional status, and shorten postoperative recovery time. Anastomotic leakage is one of the common postoperative complications of laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer, which is affected by gender, distance from anal margin, postoperative diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, preoperative intestinal obstruction, prophylactic terminal ileostomy, intraoperative intraperitoneal infusion chemotherapy and other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feeding intolerance is a major cause of failure of enteral nutrition after esophageal cancer surgery, and dihedral and abdominal distension are common feeding intolerance-associated symptoms. This paper summarized the progress in the prevention and treatment of feeding intolerance in patients with enteral nutrition after esophageal cancer surgery. Methods of evaluating feeding intolerance, establishment of risk model, prevention and treatment of common symptoms, standard enteral nutrition were summered, in order to provide reference for improvement of enteral nutrition after esophageal cancer surgery. (喂养不耐受症状会影响食管癌术后患者肠内营养支持, 腹泻及腹胀是食管癌术后最常见的肠内营养喂养不耐受的症状。本文就腹泻及腹胀常见肠内营养喂养不耐受症状的防治进展进行总结, 包括肠内营养患者喂养不耐受的评价方法、构建风险模型、常见不耐受症状的防治措施、规范实施肠内营养等, 以期为临床提高食管癌术后肠内营养支持治疗的效果提供参考。)

目的 应用meta分析评价益生菌联合早期肠内营养对重症卒中患者肠道功能的影响。 方法 计算机检索The Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库中的益生菌联合早期肠内营养治疗对卒中患者营养状况及肠道功能影响的相关文献，2名研究者独立评价文献质量，采用RevMan 5.4统计软件进行meta分析。 结果 最终纳入21篇文献，包括研究对象1838例，其中益生菌联合早期肠内营养组（干预组）920例，常规肠内营养组（对照组）918例。meta分析显示，益生菌联合早期肠内营养可以改善重症卒中患者的营养状况，增加白蛋白（SMD 1.01，95%CI 0.75～1.27，P

This paper summarized the nursing measures for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with type II respiratory failure treated by sequential non-invasive positive pressure ventilation via nasal high-flow oxygen therapy. Nursing interventions were carried out in the following ways: non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, medication nursing, enteral nutrition support, pipeline maintenance, skin care and psychological nursing and other issues. Efforts were made to improve the respiratory failure status and various vital signs, control of carbon dioxide retention and reduce the occurrence of complications. By providing patients with a constant, adjustable, high-speed breathing gas mixture formed from air and oxygen, it was aimed to crush the gas left in the nasal cavity, oral cavity and pharynx, and significantly reduce the amount of carbon dioxide inhaled during the next inhalation. The application of sequential treatment with transnasal high-flow oxygen therapy has achieved positive therapeutic results in patients with hypoxic respiratory failure. (本文总结经鼻高流量氧疗序贯无创正压通气治疗1例慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的护理干预措施, 主要从无创正压通气护理、用药护理、肠内营养支持、管路护理、皮肤护理及心理护理等方面进行干预, 旨在改善患者呼吸衰竭状况和各项生命体征, 控制二氧化碳潴留病情, 减少并发症的发生。通过为患者提供恒定的、可调节的高速空氧混合气体, 冲刷患者呼气末残留在鼻腔、口腔及咽部的解剖无效腔的气体, 可明显减少患者下一次吸气时吸入的二氧化碳的含量。经鼻高流量氧疗序贯治疗的应用, 对低氧性呼吸衰竭患者具有积极的治疗效果。)

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and to explore the predictive value of intra-abdominal pressure on it. Methods: 80 patients with SAP who were treated in the ICU of Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were selected, and they were treated with enteral nutrition through three lumen nasojejunal tube, and the incidence of enteral nutrition intolerance was counted. The clinical data of all patients were collected, the influencing factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with SAP were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression, and the predictive value of intra-abdominal pressure on enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with SAP was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The incidence of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in 80 patients with SAP was 53.75% (43/80). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age 逸60 years (OR=4.679, 95% CI: 1.549 ~ 23.078, P=0.026), the start time of enteral nutrition 逸 72 h (OR= 7.069, 95% CI: 1.700 ~ 29.395, P=0.007), and intra-abdominal pressure 逸15 mmHg (OR=4.495, 95% CI: 1.137 ~ 17.770, P=0.032) were the risk factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with SAP, while albumin 逸35 g/L (OR=0.264, 95% CI: 0.073 ~ 0.956, P=0.042) and added dietary fiber were (OR= 0.178, 95% CI: 0.048 ~ 0.662, P=0.010) were the protective factor of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with SAP. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of intra-abdominal pressure predicting enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with SAP was 0.809 (95% CI: 0.706 ~ 0.888), the sensitivity was 79.07%, and the specificity was 72.97%. Conclusion: Enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with SAP is related to age, start time of enteral nutrition, intra-abdominal pressure, albumin level and whether to add dietary fiber. Intra-abdominal pressure has a certain predictive value for enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with SAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enteral nutrition-associated diarrhea is closely related to fasting time, hypoproteinemia, enteral nutrient solution, drug factors and other issues, affecting the rehabilitation of critically ill patients. This paper summarized the causes, prevention and nursing measures of enteral nutrition-associated diarrhea, in order to provide reference for improving the quality of nursing for critically ill patients. (危重症患者肠内营养相关性腹泻与禁食时间、低蛋白血症、肠内营养液、药物因素等密切相关, 腹泻会对危重症患者的康复造成影响。本文对危重症患者肠内营养相关性腹泻的发生原因、预防以及护理措施进行总结, 以期为进一步提高危重症患者肠内营养相关性腹泻的护理质量提供理论依据。)

This paper reviewed the effective nursing interventions for a case of severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure treated by mechanical ventilation. A set of interventions including mechanical ventilation nursing, medication nursing, enteral nutrition support, catheter maintenance, skin care and psychological nursing were carried out, aiming to relieve the symptoms of respiratory failure, alleviate patient’s condition and reduce the complications. (本文总结机械通气治疗1例重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者的护理干预措施, 主要从机械通气护理、用药护理、肠内营养支持、管路护理、皮肤护理及心理护理等方面进行护理干预, 旨在改善患者呼吸衰竭状况和各项生命体征, 控制重症肺炎病情, 减少并发症的发生。)

This paper summarized the nursing experience a patient with duodenal fistula and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after resection of giant retroperitoneal tumor. Nursing interventions included preoperative evaluation, DVT-associated nursing, skin care, enteral nutrition, etc. Diversified interventions before and after surgery are required to prevent the postoperative complicanions and improve the recovery. (本文总结1例全麻下行腹膜后巨大肿瘤切除术后合并十二指肠瘘及深静脉血栓的护理经验, 包括术前评估、深静脉血栓护理、皮肤管理、肠内营养护理等, 通过多元化的术前、术后护理, 积极预防并发症, 提高患者舒适度, 促进患者早日康复。)

Objective: To investigate the effects of different enteral nutrition solutions on nutritional status, intestinal barrier function, immune function and inflammatory factors in elderly patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in severe exacerbation(AECOPD). Methods: 90 elderly patients with severe AECOPD hospitalized in our hospital from October 2019 to October2021 were included as the research object. They were randomly divided into dietary fiber enteral nutrition group (FEN group) and non dietary fiber enteral nutrition group(NFEN group) by sealed envelope method, 45 cases each. Both groups received standard treatment for severe AECOPD and mechanical ventilation. FEN group was given full nutrition support treatment, NFEN group was given full nutrition support treatment, and both groups received enteral nutrition for 30 days. The nutritional status indexes serum albumin(ALB),prealbumin(PA), hemoglobin(HB), intestinal barrier function indexes D-lactic acid (DLA), bacterial endotoxin(BE), diamine oxidase(DAO), T lymphocyte subsets(CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+), humoral immune function indexes immunoglobulin(Ig) g, Ig M and Ig A were compared between the two groups before and 30 d after treatment, The changes of inflammatory factors procalcitonin(PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as the differences of ICU hospitalization days, mechanical ventilation time and complications were caompared between the two groups. Results: 30 d after treatment, the levels of ALB, PA and Hb in FEN group were significantly higher than those in NFEN group(P<0.05). The levels of DLA, BE and DAO in FEN group were significantly lower than those in NFEN group (P<0.05). The levels of CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, Ig G and Ig A in FEN group were significantly higher than those in NFEN group (P<0.05). PCT and IL-6 levels in FEN group were significantly lower than those in NFEN group(P<0.05). The ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation time and complications in Fen group were significantly less than those in nfen group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Enteral nutrition with dietary fiber is helpful to improve the nutritional status of elderly patients with severe AECOPD, repair the intestinal mucosal barrier function, improve immune function, reduce inflammatory reaction, so as to improve the prognosis. Enteral nutrition with dietary fiber has a better therapeutic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the improvement of patients′ nutritional status. Methods The databases of CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science were retrieved. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to November 2021.The randomized controlled trials and cohort studies on the treatment of IBD with conventional drugs combined with enteral nutrition (the experimental group) and simple conventional drugs (the control group) were retrieved, and the RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 33 literatures involving 2,466 patients were included. The clinical effective rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (RR=1.25,95%CI:1.17-1.34,Z=6.37,P<0.000 01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (RR=0.98,95%CI:0.64-1.48,Z=0.11,P=0.91). After treatment, the body mass index, hemoglobin and albumin levels of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.000 01). Conclusion Drugs combined with enteral nutrition have better clinical efficacy than conventional drugs alone in the treatment of IBD (including ulcerative colitis and Crohn′s disease), can better improve the nutritional status of patients, and has good safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effects of enteral nutrition on nutritional status, intestinal mucosal barrier function and intestinal flora in patients with active ulcerative colitis（UC） with malnutrition. Methods: 120 patients with active UC with malnutrition who were treated in Shanghai Changzheng Hospital from August 2019 to September 2021 were selected, they were randomly divided into control group（60 cases, treated with total parenteral nutrition） and study group（60 cases, treated with enteral nutrition）. The total clinical effective rate of the two groups 3 weeks after treatment were observed, the nutritional status, intestinal mucosal barrier function index and intestinal flora of the two groups before and 3 weeks after treatment were compared, and the incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment of the two groups were recorded. Results: The total clinical effective rate of the study group（90.00%） was higher than that of the control group（68.33%）（P<0.05）. The levels of D-lactic acid（D-LA）, diamine oxidase（DAO） and endotoxin（ET） in the study group were lower than those in the control group at 3 weeks after treatment（P<0.05）. The levels of serum albumin and hemoglobin in the study group were higher than those in the control group at 3 weeks after treatment（P<0.05）. The number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the study group was higher than that in the control group, while the number of Escherichia coli was lower than that in the control group at 3 weeks after treatment（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion: Enteral nutrition can promote the improvement of nutritional status and intestinal mucosal barrier function, regulate the structure of intestinal flora, which is safe and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An emergency drainage of the mediastinal abscess using incision is necessary in the treatment of esophageal foreign body-induced esophageal perforation combined with mediastinal infection. It is also required to enhance the infection control and postoperative nutrition support for the patient. This paper summarized the treatment and nursing management of a patient with esophageal foreign body-induced esophageal perforation combined with mediastinal infection. Comprehensive nursing interventions including airway management, catheter management, enteral nutrition support, skin care, observation on postoperative complications were carried out. The Plan-Do-Check-Action cycle was adopted in the blood glucose management. The patient had good glycemic control and did not develop hypoglycemia during hospitalization. (食管异物发生食管穿孔及严重的纵隔感染表现时, 应尽早行纵隔脓肿切开引流, 同时积极控制感染, 术后做好营养支持。本文报道一例1例食管异物穿孔伴纵隔感染患者的治疗及护理措施, 术后实施气道护理、导管管理、肠内营养护理、皮肤护理、并发症观察及护理等综合护理措施, 采用PDCA循环加强患者血糖管理。患者住院期间血糖控制良好, 未发生低血糖。)

Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS) has been a hot research topic of modern surgery, and the core of ERAS is based on a high level evidence-based medicine, aiming to reduce the influence of surgical trauma and stress on patients, reduce the risk of postoperative complications, shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce hospitalization expenses. Perioperative nutrition, especially in enteral nutrition intake is particularly important for the prognosis of patients. This paper summarized the clinical research progress of enteral nutrition, especially oral nutritional supplement, in fast-track surgery for colorectal cancer and to provide reference and basis for its safety and implementation strategy. (术后加速康复是现代外科的研究热点, 其核心理念是基于高水平的循证医学证据, 减少患者的手术创伤和应激, 从而减少术后并发症, 缩短住院时间, 减少住院费用, 而围术期营养特别是肠内营养的摄入对患者的预后具有特别重要的意义。本文总结了目前关于结直肠癌加速康复外科肠内营养实施的临床研究进展, 为其安全性和实施策略提供参考和依据。)

Objective: To observe the effects of different incremental infusion speed of enteral nutrition on feeding tolerance,quality of life and gastrointestinal function recovery in patients with severe acute pancreatitis（SAP）. Methods: 120 patients with SAP who were treated in our hospital from March 2019 to February 2021 were selected, and they were randomly divided into low-speed group, medium-speed group and high-speed group, with 40 cases in each group, the increasing range of infusion rate was from low to high, and enteral nutrition was given. The intra-abdominal pressure, feeding tolerance, quality of life and gastrointestinal function recovery of the three groups were compared. Results: 8 h after intervention, 16 h after intervention and 20 h after intervention, the intra-abdominal pressure in low-speed group was lower than that in high-speed group and medium-speed group, while that in medium-speed group was lower than that in high-speed group（P<0.05）. The exhaust and defecation recovery time, bowel sound recovery time, oral feeding time and abdominal distension relief time in low-speed group were shorter than those in medium-speed group and high-speed group, while those in medium-speed group were shorter than those in high-speed group（P<0.05）. 7 d after intervention, the scores of all dimensions of the world health organization the quality of life-BREF（WHO-QOL-BREF） in the low-speed group were higher than those in the medium-speed group and the high-speed group, while those in the medium-speed group were higher than those in the high-speed group（P<0.05）. The incidence of feeding intolerance in low-speed group was lower than that in medium-speed group and high-speed group, and that in medium-speed group was lower than that in high-speed group（P<0.05）. Conclusion: The low-speed incremental infusion of enteral nutrition is helpful to prevent the increase of intra-abdominal pressure, improve the feeding tolerance of patients with SAP, promote the gastrointestinal function recovery, and then improve the quality of life of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 对重症脑卒中患者给予添加益生菌的早期滋养性肠内营养（EN），观察患者胃肠功能和血清炎症 因子水平的改善情况。方法 选取重症脑卒中患者86例，随机分为益生菌组26例、滋养组30例、足量组30例。三 组均于入住ICU后给予肠内营养混悬液行EN治疗，益生菌组给予添加益生菌的早期滋养性EN，滋养组给予单纯早 期滋养性EN，足量组给予早期足量EN。于治疗前1天和治疗第7天，采用急性胃肠损伤（AGI）分级标准评估患者胃 肠功能；采集患者静脉血，使用全自动生化分析仪测定血清炎症因子C反应蛋白（CRP），ELISA法测定肿瘤坏死因子 α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、白细胞介素12（IL-12）；记录EN期间患者恶心、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻、肠鸣音异常、胃潴 留等 EN喂养不耐受的发生情况。结果 治疗后益生菌组 AGI 0级患者比例升高，2级患者比例降低（P均<0. 05）； 滋养组和足量组各级患者比例均无明显变化（P均>0. 05）。三组治疗后CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-12水平均较治疗前下 降（P均<0. 05），其中滋养组各指标低于足量组，益生菌组各指标低于滋养组（P均<0. 05）。益生菌组恶心、腹胀、腹 泻、肠鸣音异常发生率低于滋养组和足量组（P均<0. 05），滋养组腹胀、肠鸣音异常发生率低于足量组（P均<0. 05）。 结论 重症脑卒中患者给予添加益生菌的早期滋养性 EN后，可有效降低胃肠不耐受发生率、修复胃肠功能，并可 抑制机体炎症反应。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviewed the clinical data and nursing management of a patient with severe pneumonia and diabetes mellitus. The patient received transnasal feeding tube placement for enteral nutrition support. In addition to enteral nutrition-related nursing management, a care bundle including psychological nursing, oral/nasal cavity and skin care, maintenance of feeding tube and catheter was carried out to improve the treatment efficacy. (本文回顾1例重症肺炎合并糖尿病患者的肠内营养支持与护理措施。护理人员遵医嘱给予患者肠内营养液鼻饲泵入, 在加强肠内营养护理的同时给予心理护理、口鼻腔及皮肤黏膜护理、导管护理等干预措施。)

This paper summarized the nursing experience of a patient with Guillain-Barr syndrome after combination therapy with PD-1 inhibitors. Keys issues of nursing included care of respiratory muscle paralysis, application of non-invasive ventilator, nasogastric tube feeding and related maintenance, health education on medication and psychological care. (本文总结1例PD-1免疫抑制剂联合治疗后出现吉兰-巴雷综合征的患者的护理经验。护理要点主要包括呼吸肌麻痹的护理及无创呼吸机的使用, 胃管的置入及鼻饲的护理, 用药护理、健康宣教及患者的心理护理。)

Objective: To compare the effects of different enteral nutrition support schemes on intestinal mucosal barrier function and Th17/Treg immune response balance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with acute stroke. Methods: 93 patients with T2DM complicated with acute stroke in our hospital from March 2019 to February 2021 were selected, and they were divided into the control group (46 cases) and the study group (47 cases) according to the envelope drawing method. The control group received the traditional enteral nutrition support scheme, and the study group received the individualized enteral nutrition support scheme. The blood glucose level, nutritional indexes, intestinal mucosal barrier function and Th17/Treg immune response balance were observed in two groups. Results: The blood glucose level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 1~7 d after treatment (P<0.05). 7 d after treatment, the serum albumin, prealbumin and hemoglobin levels of the study group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). 7 d after treatment, the plasma endotoxin (ET) and diamine oxidase (DAO) of the study group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). 7 d after treatment, Th17 and Th17/Treg of the study group were lower than those of the control group. Treg was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Individualized enteral nutrition support scheme is beneficial to reduce the blood glucose level of patients with T2DM complicated with acute stroke, promote the recovery of intestinal mucosal barrier function, and then improve the nutritional status and immune status of the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective　 To investigate the effect of probiotics combined with early enteral nutrition in the treatment of severe brain injury patients with VAP and the effect of intestinal mucosal barrier function. Methods　 A total of 84 patients with severe brain injury admitted to the Neurosurgery Department of Suzhou Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from September 2016 to November 2020 were randomly divided into observation group and control group. Both groups received early enteral nutrition with nasal feeding, and the observation group received additional probiotics on this basis. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, intestinal mucosal barrier function and gastrointestinal complications were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results　 Compared with the control group, the incidence of VAP in the observation group is lower, the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were significantly lower at 7th and 21st days after enteral nutrition, plasma D-lactic acid and diamine oxidase concentrations were significantly lower at 7th day after enteral nutrition. Gastrointestinal complications during treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group. And the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusion　 Probiotics combined with early enteral nutrition can reduce the incidence of VAP, reduce the release of inflammatory factors, protect the intestinal mucosal barrier function, and reduce gastrointestinal complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the effect of enteral nutrition (EN) combined with probiotics on intestinal mucosal barrier and serum inflammatory factors of rats after rectal cancer operation. Methods: 32 male SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, EN group and EC group, with 8 rats in each group. The model group, EN group and EC group were established postoperative rectal cancer model, the EN group was administrated with enteral nutritional suspension, the EC group was administrated with enteral nutritional suspension combined with probiotic granules, the control group and model group were administrated with same volume of saline. The ultrastructure of small intestine of each group was observed, the occludin protein, D-lactose and inflammatory factors were detected. Results: The tight junction and villi structure of intestinal epithelial cells of model group were disorganized, while EN group and EC group were improved. As compared with control group, the expression of occludin protein and IL-10 of model group were lower, while D-lactose, IL-1β and TNF-α were higher (P<0.05); as compared with model group, the expression of occludin protein and IL-10 of EN group and EC group were higher, while D-lactose, IL-1β and TNF-α were lowedr(P<0.05); as compared with EN group, the expression of occludin protein and IL-10 of EC group were higher, while D-lactose, IL-1β and TNF-α were lowedr (P<0.05). Conclusion: EN combined with probiotics could siginificantly alleviate the intestinal mucosal barrier function, increase the expression of occludin protein and decrease the expression of D-lactose, decrease the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α while increase the expression of IL-10. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the effect of intensive enteral nutrition on blood sugar, nutritional status and complications of critically ill emergency patients. Methods: Taking 300 patients who were admitted to the ICU of our hospital from April 2018 to March 2020 as the research objects, they were divided into a control group and a study group, each with 150 cases. Patients in the control group received parenteral nutrition support, and patients in the study group received enteral nutrition therapy. The effects of blood glucose, 24 h insulin usage, total serum protein (Tp), albumin (Alb), creatinine (Scr) and complications, etc., were used to evaluate the impact on the disease. Results: The average blood glucose of the study group within 24 hours was 89.8依38.4 mg/dl, which was significantly lower than the control gro up's 157.6依68.3 mg/dl (P＜0.05), and the insulin usage in the study group within 24 hours was 18.6依12.3 滋, which was significantly lower than the control group 34.7依30.6 滋(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of Tp, Alb and CCR between the two groups of patients (P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of Tp and Alb in the two groups increased significantly, while the CCR levels decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of Tp and Alb in the study group were significantly increased, and the level of CCR was significantly decreased (P<0.05). There were different degrees of diarrhea, abdominal distension and upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the two groups. The total incidence of the control group was 23.33 %, and that of the study group was 26.67 % . After comparison, there was no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: Intensified enteral nutrition can effectively improve the blood sugar level of critically ill patients in emergency departments, and improve the nutritional status of patients with high safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the changes in immune function, intestinal mucosal barrier function and nutritional status of patients with severe head injury after the intervention of dietary fiber enteral nutrition combined with probiotics. Methods: A total of 136 patients with severe head injury admitted to our hospital from June 2016 to May 2020 were selected. According to the odd-even method of admission order, they were divided into 68 cases in the control group and 68 cases in the study group. The control group was given dietary fiber enteral nutrition intervention, and the study group was combined with probiotic intervention on the basis of the control group. The two groups were compared with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). ) Score, nutritional status, immune function, intestinal mucosal barrier function and complications. Results: The albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb), and transferrin (TR) of the two groups were higher than before the intervention for 14 days, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). After 14 days of intervention, the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were higher in the two groups than before the intervention, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). After 14 days of intervention, the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) of the two groups were higher than before the intervention, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05), Malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower than before the intervention, and the study group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The GCS scores of the two groups increased after 14 days of intervention, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The enteral nutrition intervention of probiotics combined with dietary fiber can effectively improve the nutritional status, immune function and intestinal mucosal barrier function of patients with severe head injury after surgery. At the same time, it can also reduce the incidence of complications and improve the prognosis of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)