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To elucidate the stoichiometric dynamics of organic C, N, P, and extracellular enzymes in soil in typical agricultural and forestry lands, primary evergreen broad-leaved forests and converted plantations, orchards, sloping croplands, and paddies with similar geographical backgrounds and clear land-use history in western Hunan Province were selected. The space-for-time substitution method was applied to reveal the effect of primary forest conversion on the contents of organic C, total N, and total P; activities of extracellular enzymes, including their: stoichiometric ratios; relationships with labile C, N, and P fractions at a soil depth of 0-40 cm. Compared to the primary forest, the contents of soil organic C, total N, and total P in the orchard and sloping cropland were much more greatly reduced（40%-79%） than that in plantations and paddies. The reduction was similar in topsoil and deep soil, indicating relatively unfavorable conditions for organic C and nutrient preservation in deep soil under orchards and sloping croplands. No significant differences in soil C-N-P ratios were observed among the orchards, sloping croplands, paddy fields, and primary forests. The C-N-P ratios in soil were 60%-124% higher in plantations than in primary forests, indicating co-limitation by N and P in the soil under the plantation. The β-glucosaminidase, β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and acid phosphatase activities were reduced by 18%-64% in the converted land-use sites than in the primary forest. Compared to that of the primary forest, the stoichiometric ratios of C-and P-acquiring enzyme(EC/P) in the topsoil under the orchard and sloping cropland were significantly reduced, whereas the EC/P ratios in the 20-40 cm deep soil were significantly increased. The contents of organic C, total N, total P, enzyme activities, and their ratios were significantly correlated with the contents of the labile C, N, and P fractions in soil. Primary forest conversion resulted in substantial reductions in soil organic C, total N, and total P contents and extracellular enzyme activities in the topsoil and at depths of 20-40 cm deep. This indicates a reduction in microbial substrate availability and soil quality/health degradation. The responses of the stoichiometric ratios of soil organic C, total N, and total P contents and enzyme activities to primary forest conversion were relatively weak. Whether these stoichiometric ratios can effectively indicate the soil health change remains further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of University Chemistry is the property of Peking University, College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【目的】对比不同剂量聚乙二醇重组人生长激素（PEG-rhGH）注射液治疗青春期前生长激素缺乏症（GHD）儿童促生长的疗效、安全性和不良事件，为临床用药提供参考。【方法】2015 年6 月至2016 年10 月在中山大学附属第一医院儿童生长发育中心确诊青春期前GHD 儿童 37 例，按PEG-rhGH 剂量随机分为两组：低剂量组（0.12 mg/kg，每周皮下注射 1 次）19 例和高剂量组（0.20 mg/kg，每周皮下注射 1 次）18 例，疗程 26 周。治疗过程监测身高、体质量、身高增长速度（HV）、身高标准差分值（HtSDS）、体质量指数（BMI）、骨龄（BA）和血清IGF-1 水平，收集不良反应信息。【结果】两组儿童治疗后的HV、HtSDS 及IGF-1 均较治疗前显著提高（P < 0.001），高剂量组 HV、HtSDS 增加值和血清 IGF-1 水平均高于低剂量组，但差异无显著性（P 值分别为 0.055、0.052 和 0.054）； HtSDS 和骨龄增长两组差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。治疗过程中出现不同程度局部脂肪萎缩6 例（16.2%）（高剂量组3 例16.7%，低剂量组3 例15.8%），与家长相对固定注射部位相关，经指导变换注射部位后3~6 月脂肪萎缩好转。低皮 质醇血症6 例（16.2%）（高剂量组4 例22.2%，低剂量组2 例10.5%）；亚临床甲状腺功能减退2 例（高剂量组1 例， 低剂量组1 例，为高TSH，T3、T4 正常）。两组的不良反应发生率无统计学差异（P > 0.05），未见明显严重不良反应。【结论】PEG-rhGH 能有效促进GHD 患儿的线性生长，高剂量组疗效似优于低剂量组。两组不良事件差异无统计学意义。聚乙二醇重组人生长激素治疗过程中有相当比例发生一定程度的局部脂肪萎缩，临床应用中必须注意注射部位轮换，可防范和降低不良反应的发生，提高治疗依从性。

Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power / Reneng Dongli Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To analyze chromosomal detection results of villi tissues of patients with embryo damage. Methods A total of 240 aborted villi tissues were selected from patients with embryo damage, and the chromosomes were detected by genome copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq). Results In 240 cases of aborted villi tissues of patients with embryo damage, 181 cases had abnormal chromosomes and 59 cases had normal chromosomes. Among 181 cases of abnormal chromosome villi tissues of patients with embryo damage, there were 97 cases of abnormal chromosome number, including 76 cases of autosomal trisomy, 18 cases of sex chromosome monomer and 3 cases of triploid. There were 120 cases with abnormal chromosome structure. Chromosome number and structure abnormalities were found in some spec‑ imens. There were 157 and 24 chromosomal abnormalities in the aborted villi tissues of patients of childbearing age (208 cases) and elderly parturient women (32 cases), respectively. There were 61 cases of autosomal trisomy, 16 cases of sex chromosome monomer and 3 cases of triploid in childbearing age, and 15, 2 and 0 cases of senior age, respectively. Signif‑ icant difference was found in the number of autosomal trisomy between the two groups (P<0. 05). There were 100, 46, 22, 9 and 4 cases of chromosomal abnormality of aborted villus tissues in patients with 1, 2, 3, 4 and ≥5 times of embryo damage (136, 51, 33, 15 and 5 cases), respectively. There was statistically significant difference between the patients with twice embryo damage and patients with three or four times of embryo damage (P<0. 05). There were 58, 26, 11, 2 and 0 cases of abnormal chromosome number of aborted villus tissues in patients with 1, 2, 3, 4 and ≥5 times of embryo damage, respectively. Significant difference was found between the patients with once, twice embryo damage and patients with four times of embryo damage (P<0. 05). A total of 120 cases of CNV were detected, of which 18 were pathogenic, 2 were probable pathogenic, 87 were of unknown clinical significance, and 13 were likely benign. Conclusions The rate of chromosomal abnormalities in the aborted villi tissues is higher in patients with embryo damage, and the type of abnormalities is abnormal chromosome number or structure. Trisomy is the most common occurrence of autosomal majority, and the incidence of 16-trisomy is the highest, followed by 22-trisomy, 15-trisomy, 21-trisomy, etc. X monomer is the most common sex chromosome abnormality. There is no difference in chromosome abnormality of aborted villi tissue between the patients of childbearing age and the old age, but there is a difference in chromosome abnormality of aborted villi tissues be‑ tween the patients of different times of embryo damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The etiology of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is unclear, which may be associated with genetic, hereditary and environmental factors, etc. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the first-line drug for the treatment of PBC. Eosinophilic granulomatous with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a systemic vascular inflammatory disease characterized by necrotizing vasculitis, infiltration of eosinophils in tissues and organs, and formation of extravascular granulomas. In this report, a 65-year-old male patient presented with recurrent rashes on four limbs, recurrent abnormal liver function, asthma-like wheezing, microscopic hematuria, abnormal renal function, and eosinophilia. He was finally diagnosed with PBC complicated with EGPA. This case suggests that the possibility of rheumatic immune system disease should be considered for patients with unexplained eosinophilia complicated with multiple organ damage, such as skin, lung, liver, kidney, and immune system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The Maillard reaction, which is the main source of food color and flavor, is one of the most recognized chemical reactions in cooking. The simplified experimental methods of the complex Maillard reaction were innovatively designed using common amino acids, proteins, and sugars as raw materials. These reactions were easily preformed in a household microwave oven. The flavor products were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) to evaluate the fundamental relationship between flavor and chemical components. Moreover, delicious and nutritious cuisines can be cooked in the kitchen facilitated by the Maillard reaction mechanism. This study explored the chemical mysteries of delicacy, and demonstrated the magic and charm of chemistry. It is rich in content, diverse in forms, and suitable to popularize chemical knowledge in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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目的 分析重庆市某三甲医院医耗改革效果,为后续改革提供参考。方法 以该院患者病案 首页和医保结算系统为数据库,时间段为2019年1月至2020年12月,其中2019年1月1日至2019年12月 21日为改革前。以每月为分析单位,运用间断时间序列回归分析改革前后患者费用负担和费用结构变化,并结 合多元线性回归进行深入探讨。结果 共获取有效病例数65 535份,其中改革前占61.65%(40 400/65 535)。 综合来看,改革后患者次均费用和个人负担均上升、实际报销比例下降;耗占比下降、手术费占比和病理费占比 均上升。结论 改革后费用结构得到调整,但调整幅度待优化;患者实际经济负担增加,仍需加强控费;医保杠 杆作用失灵,应完善三医联动。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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