Search

Copyright of Chemistry & Biology / Kagaku to Seibutsu is the property of Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology & Agrochemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Plastics Science & Technology / Suliao Ke-Ji is the property of Plastics Science & Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To investigate the effect of aging on the self-healing ability of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer(SBS)-modified asphalt, a molecular model of SBS-modified asphalt was established. The reasonableness of the model was verified by calculating the glass transition temperature, cohesive energy density, and solubility parameter. Based on this, a self-healing model for SBS-modified asphalt was developed to evaluate its self-healing performance under different aging conditions. The results show that both asphalt aging and SBS aging will reduce the self-healing ability of SBS modified asphalt at room temperature. Notably, asphalt aging has a more significant impact on the self-healing ability of SBS-modified asphalt, while the effect of SBS aging is relatively minor. Compared to the self-healing model of “matrix asphalt + SBS”, the crack repair time in the “aging asphalt + aging SBS” self-healing model is significantly extended. Rejuvenation of asphalt is crucial for improving the crack repair performance of aged asphalt mixtures. The research results provide theoretical reference for the development and design optimization of road asphalt materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Modern Food Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Office of Modern Food Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Silicone Material is the property of Silicone Material Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) is closely related to aging and plays an important regulatory role in exercise anti-aging. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the role of PGC-1α in exercise anti-aging from the perspective of different tissues and organs. OBJECTIVE: To provide a detailed overview of the role of PGC-1α in exercise anti-aging and discuss its regulation from the perspective of different tissues and organs. METHODS: A literature search was conducted from May 1, 2023 to July 1, 2023. The search covered self-built databases up to July 2023, as well as databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and VIP. The Chinese search terms included “PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1α, PPARGC1A, aging, exercise, older adults”. The English search terms were “PGC-1α, aging, exercise, exercise training, older adults”. Boolean logical operators were used to connect the search terms, and corresponding search strategies were developed. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 83 articles were included in the review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) PGC-1α is an important transcriptional coactivator that plays a key regulatory role in maintaining mitochondrial function, regulating energy metabolism, and adapting to different metabolic demands. (2) PGC-1α has a significant regulatory role in mitochondrial aging and various functions in multiple cell types, and is associated with inflammatory pathways, redox control, protein modifications, and epigenetic changes. (3) The expression level of PGC-1α can be increased by exercise training, and it exerts positive effects through regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, energy metabolism, and antioxidative stress pathways. It plays an important role in exercise-induced improvement of adipose tissue aging, cardiovascular aging, neurosystem aging, renal aging, skeletal muscle aging, and liver aging. (4) The expert group recommends future research directions including exploring the regulatory effects of different types, intensities, and durations of exercise on PGC-1α expression, studying the regulatory mechanisms of protein modifications and epigenetic changes in PGC-1α, and strengthening the research on the mechanisms of PGC-1α in different aging-related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Micronanoelectronic Technology is the property of Micronanoelectronic Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Water Conservancy & Electric Power Technology & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Direct-injection SBS modified asphalt has advantages such as easy quality control, low cost, and minimal pollution. It can address the issue of unstable quality in conventional wet-process SBS modified asphalt and has been gradually widely applied in recent years. This study investigated the aging resistance performance of direct-injection SBS modified asphalt at different dosages through short-term aging. By conducting temperature scanning tests, mid-temperature fatigue performance tests, low-temperature rheological property tests, and atomic force microscope tests on the aged direct-injection modified asphalt, the aging resistance performance of the SBS modified asphalt was studied from macroscopic to microscopic scales. The macroscopic experimental results indicated that the direct-injection SBS modified asphalt exhibited an increase in elastic components and fatigue life after short-term aging. During the aging process, the Guolu direct-injection SBS modified asphalt showed a secondary development phenomenon. The microscopic test results revealed that, after short-term aging, both conventional wet-process SBS modified asphalt and Liaohe direct-injection SBS modified asphalt exhibited reduced roughness due to changes in the content of the four components and the degradation of SBS. In contrast, the Guolu direct-injection SBS modified asphalt exhibited increased surface roughness due to further swelling development, consistent with the conclusions drawn from the macroscopic tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rolling Stock (1002-7602) is the property of Rolling Stock Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods is the property of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As emerging contaminants, microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics are often detected simultaneously in the water environment, and antibiotics in the water environment are often found on the surface of MPs. MPs can absorb, collect and carry various organic pollutants in water environment through surface adsorption and migration. Compared with the original MPs, the aging MPs has stronger adsorption capacity due to smaller particle size, larger specific surface area, and more adsorption sites. The environmental aging mode of MPs and the adsorption behavior of MPs on various antibiotics in water environment after aging were mainly reviewed, The aging method of MPs and the influencing factors and adsorption mechanism of antibiotics was summarized, and prospects for the aging problem of MPs and the effect on antibiotic adsorption was put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Advances in New & Renewable Energy is the property of Editorial Office of Advances in New & Renewable Energy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Dalian University of Technology / Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Dalian University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the common theory of viscoelasticity, the mechanical model for aging silicon rubber foam cushion and the continuous loading prediction model for long-term stress relaxation silicon foam cushion, were obtained, in view of the 2 aging mechanisms, the nonlinear material characteristics, the loading process, the stress relaxation history, the aging effect and the degradation difference of each motion element of viscoelastic model. The mechanism of the model is clear, and it can reflect the information of the material service history and the corresponding effects on mechanics of the silicon rubber foam cushion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Rubber Industry is the property of Editorial Office of China Rubber Industry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transportation Science & Technolgy is the property of Transportation Science & Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To explore whether aging is an independent factor in speech perception ability and to clarify the impact mode of aging on the ability to perceive speech cues. Methods This study recruited normal-hearing youth group (n=10, average age of 24 years) and elderly group (n=15, average age of 67 years). Closed-set mandarin speech (CMS) was used to evaluate the speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) of the two group sunder four different speech perception cues (“baseline” condition, “fundamental frequency” condition, “spatial” condition, and “fundamental frequency + spatial” condition). The effect of aging on the ability to utilize fundamental frequency cues and/or spatial cues was quantitatively assessed by comparing SRTs under the four conditions. Results RM-ANOVA showed that under the conditions of “baseline”, “fundamental frequency” and “spatial”, the SRTs of the elderly group were higher (worse) than those of the young group (All P<0.05). The difference between the two groups under the condition of “fundamental frequency + space” showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). When analysis was performed with hearing threshold as a covariate, there was no significant difference in SRT between the elderly group and the young group in the “spatial” condition (P>0.05). Under the conditions of “fundamental frequency”, “spatial” and “fundamental frequency + space”, the MRs of the elderly group decreased compared with the young group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions The speech perception ability of the elderly in complex contexts is significantly worse than that of the young people. However, when speech has both fundamental frequency and spatial cues, the elderly can still use the two cues comprehensively to achieve similar perceptual performance as young people. Excluding the effect of hearing acuity, aging significantly weakens the ability to perceive speech fundamental frequency cues, but has no significant effect on the ability to utilize spatial cues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, accelerated aging experiments under salt spray and vibration conditions were conducted on an auxiliary switch, and the surface corrosion, opening and closing state and spring length of the auxiliary switch will be selected as characteristic parameters to investigate the influence of environmental factors on its performance. The research results indicate that salt spray will make the surface wiring screw rust, when nickel layer is damaged, it can lead to a decrease in the content of nickel elements, the opposite of iron element. In addition to salt spray will also invade the internal, causing the opening and closing process jams, making the opening and closing torque increased by about 54%. Under the influence of vibration, the spring inside the auxiliary switch turns slack under the influence of external force, so that some of its wiring points cannot be opened and closed normally, and the vibration causes the internal structure to loosen, making the opening torque drop about 24.1%. The results of this paper have important reference significance for mastering the operation status of the auxiliary switch of the circuit breaker operating mechanism under complex working conditions, carrying out life prediction of the auxiliary switch of the circuit breaker operating mechanism, and preventing the fault occurrence of the circuit breaker operating mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Japan has one of the fastest growing aging populations in the world. By 2040, Japan's aged adult population is estimated to increase to a historically unprecedented level of 40 percent. As the population ages, the prevalence of frailty, a significant predictive factor for nursing care, is expected to rise. Eggs are recognized as functional foods that provide an array of essential nutrients and bioactive compounds that can positively impact human health, making them a cost-effective dietary choice. Given that eggs are a rich source of high-quality protein, they have the potential to prevent frailty. However, few studies have investigated the association between habitual egg consumption and frailty prevention. In the Shimane University Cohort Study, which mainly focuses on the Oki Islands, we examined this association in community-dwelling older adults. In this paper, we will review the main findings regarding the link between habitual egg consumption and frailty in our cohort study, as well as other recent publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In recent years, studies on chronic diseases related to aging have attracted wide attention worldwide. As the heart grows with age, premature aging may occur. Exercise is a safe and healthy intervention that can delay its aging. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of regular aerobic exercise on the aging of cardiomyocytes and explore its mechanism. METHODS: Healthy male SPF Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 months (young, n=20), 13 months (middle age, n=24), and 22 months (old, n=24) were randomly divided into youth rest group, youth exercise group, middle age rest group, middle age exercise group, old age rest group, and old age exercise group. The three resting groups did not do aerobic exercise intervention, and the three exercise groups were given a 10-week incremental load aerobic treadmill exercise consisting of 6-week incremental load exercise and 4-week constant load exercise. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical detection were used to detect myocardial Beclin-1, CaMKIIα1, AMPKα1/pAMPKα1, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins and genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After regular aerobic exercises, compared with the three resting groups, the expression levels of Beclin-1 in cardiomyocytes were significantly down-regulated in the three exercise groups. The expression levels of myocardial CaMKIIα1 mRNA were also down-regulated in the three exercise groups. The protein expression levels of pAMPKα1 and AMPKα1 in the three resting groups showed an aging trend, and the expression levels of AMPKα1 in the young, middle age, and old age exercise groups were up-regulated by 16.50% (P < 0.05), 63.09% (P < 0.05), and 31.12% (P < 0.01), respectively. The expression levels of pAMPKα1 were also significantly up-regulated by 131.29% in the young exercise group (P < 0.01), 40.55% in the middle age exercise group (P < 0.01), and 16.77% in the old age exercise group (P < 0.05). Overall, the expression levels of PI3K in the myocardium were down-regulated in the three exercise groups compared with the three resting groups, while the expression levels of AKT1 mRNA were down-regulated in the young and middle age exercise groups. The expression level of mTOR mRNA was slightly down-regulated in the young exercise group, little changed in the middle age exercise group, and significantly upregulated in the old age exercise group. To conclude, aerobic exercise can significantly up-regulate the expression of PI3K, promote the activity of mTOR, downregulate the expression of CaMKIIα1, down-regulate the ratio of pAMPKα1/AMPKα1, decrease the expression of Beclin-1, regulate the level of myocardial autophagy, and make it tend to be normal and stable in aged rats, thereby delaying myocardial aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten groups of asphalt samples were prepared with three flame retardants, zinc hydroborate, decabromodiphenyl ether and antimony trioxide, and base asphalt. By means of infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the effects of the type and content of flame retardant on the properties of flame retardant asphalt were analyzed, the changes of asphalt microstructure before and after aging were observed, and the interaction mechanism between flame retardant and asphalt was studied. The results show that the content of flame retardant should not be too high, and it is recommended not to exceed 5%. The three kinds of flame retardant asphalt and the base asphalt have the same functional groups, and the flame retardant asphalt is only physically modified. In the longterm aging process, antimony trioxide has a serious impact on the internal functional groups of modified asphalt, which cannot improve the aging performance of modified asphalt. The micro morphology of flame retardant is amorphous spherical structure, which increased the intermolecular force of flame retardant asphalt and improved the performance of flame retardant asphalt. Zinc hydroborate flame retardant asphalt has better thermal stability，and increasing the content of flame retardant can not effectively improve the thermal stability of flame retardant asphalt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polymer Materials Science & Engineering is the property of Sichuan University, Polymer Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to study the influence of thermal aging on the composition, structure and properties of asphalts. The chemical composition, molecular structure as well as high- and low-temperature properties of different asphalts before and after thermal air aging were tested and characterized by chromatographic column method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which indicated the correlation between composition, structure and properties. The chemical composition and infrared spectrum analysis show that saturates content in the asphalts is basically unchanged during thermal air aging. The aliphatic hydrocarbon branches of aromatics is prone to break and undergo oxidative poly-condensation, resulting in the conversion of aromatics into resins and asphaltenes, which reduces the aliphatic index and increased the aromatic carbonyl and sulfoxide index of asphalt. With the increase of thermal aging temperature, the softening point and viscosity of asphalts are enhanced, and the low-temperature flexibility is decreased. Different asphalts show diverse aging resistance, the asphalt with high saturates content, low aromatics content and aromatic index has better anti-aging properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ciliate Paramecium species are giant eukaryotic cells of 100-250 μm in length and have been used in various researches as model organisms. Successful cryopreservation with DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) had been reported. However, due to unstable and low survival rate after the thawing, these methods could not be put into practical use in long-term preservation programs for large numbers of strains. Therefore, majority of Paramecium researchers have prevented senescence by culturing paramecia at low temperatures (about 10℃) to suppress the rate of the cell division, because the lifespan of Paramecium is determined by the number of the cell divisions after fertilization. However, even with this method, clonal death due to aging cannot be avoided. In our research, conventional cryopreservation methods using DMSO have been improved and are beginning to be put to practical use. This improved method consistently resulted in higher post-thaw survival than other previous methods. This method currently yielded viable cells after thawing in P. caudatum, P. bursaria, and P. woodruffi, and further improvements are expected to increase the number of species that can be cryopreserved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society is the property of Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lubrication Engineering (0254-0150) is the property of Editorial Office of LUBRICATION ENGINEERING and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigated the physiological enzyme changes during the aging process of Auricularia auricula mycelium and their correlation with extracellular enzymes, it was found that the peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) of Auricularia auricula myceliumhypha increased first and then decreased, while the polyphenol oxidase (PPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) all decreased. Through correlation analysis, it was found that there was a high correlation between extracellular enzyme and antioxidant enzyme system, MDA, Pro, indicating that there was an internal relationship between antioxidant enzyme system and extracellular enzyme system, which needs further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, plasma pretreatment of raw cotton fibers combined with silver sorption was used for the preparation of antimicrobial fabrics. Special attention was given to the aging effect investigated seven days after plasma treatment. Raw cotton fabrics were modified with atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in air, nitrogen, and oxygen. After plasma treatment, surface morphology and chemistry were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively, molecular weight distribution and functional groups profile in cellulose were determined by GPC-MALLS with fluorescence labeling, while sorption properties were evaluated through wettability and moisture sorption measurements. Silver sorption was performed either immediately after treatment or seven days after plasma treatment, in order to investigate the aging effect on the sorption of Ag+. Antimicrobial activity was tested using agar diffusion test against S. aureus, E.coli, and C. albicans. Results have shown that silver sorption is improved and significantly higher when sorption is performed seven days after plasma treatment and consequently antimicrobial activity is also enhanced. This work confirms the significance of plasma aging in natural cellulose fibers’ functionalization which presents yet another variable that should be taken into account when planning the procedure for fibers functionalization.

Biochar can be expected to improve soil quality, environmental pollution stress, greenhouse effect, and soil remediation, due to its high stability and carbon content. A series of influencing factors can also be found in the properties of biochar, such as the raw materials, temperature, and atmosphere. Among them, the pyrolysis atmosphere and temperature have been two of the most important parameters to dominate the final yield, surface functional groups, and pore structure properties of biochar. The commonly-used high temperature and slow pyrolysis have limited the promotion and application in the process of biochar preparation. Fortunately, the low-temperature oxygen-limited pyrolysis has been developed for cost saving, high yield, and greenhouse gas reduction. The more complex structure and acidic groups can also provide more ion adsorption sites for the pollutants. In addition, the environmental application of biochar is also confined by oxidation, temperature, and humidity differences, and light factors, leading to the varying specific surface area, functional group content, and surface structure properties. The natural aging of biochar in the environment cannot fully meet the large-scale production in recent years. Particularly, the efficacy and possible chemical changes cannot be accurately predicted in a short time during long-term natural aging. This study aims to clarify the aging performance of biochar and its ability to absorb heavy metals under different natural environmental conditions (redox, rainfall, and sunlight). Two types of the original wheat biochars were pyrolyzed at 200°C−O2 and 500°C−N2 aged by chemical oxidation, dry-wet cycles, and finally the UV light oxidation to simulate the aging process of biochar in the natural environment. The physicochemical properties and cadmium (Cd) adsorption capacity of the aged biochar were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area analysis (SSA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results showed that there were significantly different properties of biochar that were prepared at different temperatures and atmospheres. Specifically, the low-temperature biochar contained the more oxygen-containing functional groups, whereas, the pore structure was developed to increase the specific surface area of the biochar after the high-temperature pyrolysis. The more seriously rupturing pore structures also increased the specific surface area of aged biochar, compared with the original ones. The specific surface area of lowtemperature biochar after dry-wet cycles increased by 0.85 times. By contrast, the specific surface area of the low- and hightemperature biochar after chemical oxidation increased by 8.81 and 0.37 times, respectively. The aging process reduced the types of functional groups. There was also a variation in the number of oxygen-containing functional groups. Particularly, chemical oxidation promoted the number of oxygen-containing functional groups, such as the carboxyl and lactone groups, whereas, the wet-dry cycles and UV light aging reduced the number of oxygen-containing functional groups. In addition, TG analysis showed that the chemical oxidation decreased the thermal stability of low-temperature biochar, while the thermal stability of high-temperature biochar increased after all aging processes. The adsorption capacity for the Cd2+ of aged biochar increased by 498.95%-799.36%, 436.10%-768.43%, and 35.53%-128.10%, respectively, after chemical oxidation, UV light oxidation, and dry-wet cycles. Therefore, it is highly required to fully consider the environmental parameters, material properties, and targeted pollutants in the applications of biochar technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]