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Copyright of Journal of Silk is the property of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Magazines and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Mining Magazine is the property of China Mining Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Forensic Science & Technology is the property of Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electroplating & Finishing is the property of Electroplating & Finishing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Hydrobiology is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Hydrobiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Hepatology / Linchuang Gandanbing Zazhi is the property of Journal of Clinical Hepatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Mechanics / Gongcheng Lixue is the property of Engineering Mechanics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mechanical & Electronic Control Engineering is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electroplating & Finishing is the property of Electroplating & Finishing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ground Improvement is the property of Journal of Ground Improvement Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An air suction seeder has been widely used in the large-scale planting of rice, corn, vegetables, and rape, as well as the indoor factory seedling production, due to the high sowing accuracy, strong adaptability to seed size, low seed injury rate, high operating efficiency, and low cost of use. Among them, the seed metering device and air power system are two important core components of air suction seeders. Therefore, their operation can greatly contribute to the performance of the whole machine. It is also necessary for the stable air pressure supply and regulation in the air suction seed metering device pneumatic system. As such, the seeder can fully adapt to the sowing of various crops and have stable operation. Particularly, the multibranch convergence pipe is the key component of the seeder pneumatic system. The cooperative operation of one seeder and multiple rows of seeders can be realized to converge the negative pressure tributaries that are generated by multiple seeders into the total flow and then conveyed them to the pneumatic system fan. The internal geometric structure can also be optimized to improve the working performance of the air suction seeder. The mechanical structure of the seeder is no longer the main reason for the increase in pressure loss in the pneumatic system and energy consumption of the fan. However, energy loss can be produced, when the airflow is more likely to mix with each other at the tee position at the junction of the multi-branch pipe header and the branch pipe, as the airflow of the pneumatic seeder is restricted by the geometric mechanism of the multi-branch convergence pipe in the process of spatial transfer. The accuracy and rationality of the piping structure can be the key issue to reduce the pressure loss and energy consumption of the pneumatic system. Therefore, it is essential to explore the pressure loss of airflow in the multi-branch convergence pipe and then to reveal the fluid motion state in the process of manifold piping for the low-energy multi-branch convergence pipe structure. In this study, a systematic investigation was implemented to clarify the flow mechanism of negative pressure airflow in the multi-branch convergence pipe of an air-suction seeder pneumatic system. The correlation characteristics were obtained between the total flow pressure loss and pipe geometry, in order to determine the quantitative prediction target value of total flow pressure loss. The flow state of the multi-branch convergence pipe was also analyzed to clarify the main influencing factors on the flow of the pipe. A single-factor experiment was performed on the Fluent simulation software. The flow mechanism was also established to explain the airflow pressure loss in the multi-branch pipe and the hydrodynamic mechanism from the microscopic perspective. The dimensional analysis was implemented to determine the pressure drop (ΔP, Pa) of outlet branch pipe and air density (ρ, kg/m3 ), dynamic viscosity (μ, Pa·s), length of the closed end of the header pipe (L, mm), the flow rate of inlet branch pipe (Q, m³ /s), the inner diameter of inlet branch pipe (d, mm), length of inlet branch pipe (l, mm), spacing of inlet branch pipes (δ, mm), the inner diameter of header pipe (γ, mm), outlet branch pipe inner diameter (D, mm) and outlet branch pipe length (Δ, mm). The bench test results show that the application range of the established empirical equation formula were 0.0009 m³ /s≤Q≤0.0045 m³ /s, 28.0 mm≤d≤ 45.2 mm, and 100 mm≤ l ≤ 200 mm, 42.6 mm≤γ≤81.4 mm, 150 mm≤ δ≤ 250 mm, 34.0 mm≤D≤42.6 mm, and 53.6 mm≤D≤57.0 mm. The prediction accuracy of the total flow pressure drop can be controlled within 10% of the calculated by the empirical formula. The established empirical formula can provide a strong reference for the design selection and structure optimization of multi-branch convergence pipes of air-suction seeders [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biology Teaching is the property of East China Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency is the property of Petroleum Geology & Recovery Efficiency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The influence of land use/cover patterns on soil erosion and sediment transport can be one of the most important indicators to optimize the soil and water conservation measures in a watershed. However, it is still lacking in the quantitative evaluation of the land use/cover pattern and their impacts on soil erosion and sediment yield at the watershed scale. This study aims to explore the long-term changes in the sediment yield on the interannual and intermonthly temporal scales from 1982 to 2020, together with their responses to the land and use/cover pattern. A typical watershed was selected in the Loess Plateau, and the Lyuergou watershed. The M-K trend analysis was employed to elucidate the long-term temporal trends of annual rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield in the study area. An investigation was explored on the changes in the runoff and sediment under different vegetation patterns using the land use/cover pattern. The index of connectivity was chosen to characterize the impacts of the land use/cover pattern on soil erosion and sediment yield. Accordingly, quantitative relationships were also established between the index of connectivity and sediment yield. In addition, the monthly rainfall amount, the maximum daily rainfall amount, and erosive rainfall days were selected as the indices to classify the rainfall types. The results indicated that the Lyuergou watershed experienced cropland abandonment and vegetation restoration, where the index of connectivity decreased significantly during 1982-2020. Consequently, the whole study period was divided into four stages: 1982-1985, 1986-1990, 1991-2000, and 2001-2020, corresponding to the land use/cover pattern Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. The average annual sediment yield varied consistently, as the land use/cover pattern changed. Significantly downward trends were found in the average annual sediment yield and runoff depth, whereas, the annual rainfall amount showed no significant changing trend. Specifically, the annual runoff depth and sediment yield of land use/cover pattern Ⅳ decreased by 74.5% and 68.1%, respectively, compared with the land use/cover pattern Ⅰ, respectively. The average monthly runoff depth and sediment yield in the flood season were 11.7, 5.9, 1.8, 4.0 mm and 713.4, 377.4, 112.0, 317.9 t/km² in the land use/cover pattern Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. The runoff depth and sediment yield under the later land use/cover pattern (Ⅲ and Ⅳ) were significantly lower as opposed to those in the early land use/cover pattern Ⅰ. The erosive rainfall in the flood season was classified into four types: type A (minor rainfall amount, and weaker rainfall erosivity), type B (medium rainfall amount, and weaker rainfall erosivity), type C (great rainfall amount, and medium rainfall erosivity), and type D (great rainfall amount, and larger rainfall erosivity). Type A, B and C contributed to the most sediment yield on the small watershed. However, there was no significant difference in the monthly runoff depth and sediment yield among different land use/cover patterns under type C. The sediment yield on both interannual and intermonthly scales increased exponentially with index of connectivity, whereas the relationships were weaker under type C. The finding can provide a strong reference to the optimal allocation of land use/cover patterns and soil and water conservation measures in arid and semi-arid areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Science Research & Application is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Koi carp was used as a bionic object to study the swinging propulsion characteristics of its torso and tail fin. According to the morphological characteristics of the fish, the geometric model of the bionic fish was established. Different kinematic models were established according to the swing posture of the torso and caudal fin. Then, using the dynamic grid technology and writing the UDF program to controled the fish body, the movement state of the bionic fish driven by the two governing equations was simulated numerically. The effects of different motion frequency, swing amplitude and incoming flow velocity on swimming speed, acceleration, displacement and pressure distribution of bionic fish were studied, and the propulsive performance characteristics of bionic fish swing under two governing equations were revealed. The results show that driven by the two governing equations, no matter how the movement frequency changes, the biomimetic fish reaches the steady state at the same time, and the swimming distance in the same period is similar. When the oscillation amplitude is 30°, the bionic fish reaches the steady state in the shortest time, and the fluctuation is relatively small, which is the best amplitude. When the incoming flow velocity is lower than 0. 1, it can swim stably in the flow field. In the stable swimming state, the high pressure and low pressure are distributed at both ends of the caudal fin to push the fish forward, which is consistent with the reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization is the property of Hebei Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Aero Weaponry is the property of Aero Weaponry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science & Technology is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health is the property of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Steel Pipe is the property of Steel Pipe Magazine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)