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Energy trade and cooperation is a key field in the joint construction of the "Belt and Road Initiative". Carrying out a study on the evolution of the petroleum products trade network of countries along the "Belt and Road" (hereafter called the BRI countries) will help the BRI countries to strengthen cooperation in petroleum products trade. Taking petroleum products as the research object, this paper used the complex network method to analyze the dynamic evolution of the petroleum products trade network of the BRI countries since the 21st century and revealed the similarities and differences between the petroleum products trade network and the crude oil trade network through comparison. The results show that: (1)The petroleum products trade network is a small world network with core-periphery structure, which presents the characteristics of scale expansion, tightness increase and increasingly complex, and these characteristics are more significant than the crude oil trade network; (2)The spatial imbalance of petroleum products trade is significant, the petroleum trade forms a spatial pattern of radiation from hub nodes such as Singapore, Russia and Saudi Arabia, and convergence to hub nodes such as Singapore, China and Malaysia, and the status of hub nodes is increasingly strengthened; (3)The communities of the products trade network gradually gather. The petroleum products trade network gradually forms three stable communities with Russia, Singapore and the Middle East countries as the cores. China gradually separates from Russia's community and join Singapore's community. Finally, corresponding policy implications are provided based on the research results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]