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[Objectives]The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effect of retinoic acid on testicular injury in heat stressed mice. [Methods]Forty 7-week-old male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group(CON), heat stressed group(HTRA0), 5 mg·kg-1·d-1retinoic acid-treated group(HTRA5)and 10 mg·kg-1·d-1retinoic acid-treated group(HTRA10). Mice were gavaged with appropriate doses of retinoic acid or corn oil and then subjected to systemic heat stress at 42 ℃ for 2 h. The mice were slaughtered and sampled at the end of the test. [Results]Compared with the CON group, the testicular weight, minimum diameter, cross-sectional area, diameter, and epithelial height of spermatogenic tubules in the HTRA0 group were significantly reduced(P<0.05), the epididymal sperm motility significantly decreased(P<0.05), the malondialdehyde(MDA)content and the expression levels of antioxidant related genes(nrf2, ho-1, nqo1, sod1, gpx1)in testis tissue significantly increased(P<0.05), while total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity significantly decreased(P<0.05), the mRNA expression level of bax significantly increased(P<0.05), the expression levels of blood-testis barrier related genes(occludin, zo-1, n-cadherin and connexin 43)significantly increased(P<0.05), and the expression levels of spermatogenesis related genes(plzf, c-kit)expression significantly increased(P<0.05). Compared with HTRA0, the cross-sectional area, diameter and epithelial height in the HTRA5 group significantly increased(P<0.05), the MDA content significantly decreased(P<0.05)while T-SOD activity significantly increased(P<0.05), and the mRNA expression levels of plzf and c-kit significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with HTRA0, the cross-sectional area, diameter and epithelial height of spermatogenic tubules in the HTRA10 group significantly increased(P<0.05), sperm motility significantly increased(P<0.05), MDA content significantly decreased(P<0.05), T-SOD activity significantly increased(P<0.05), and the mRNA expression levels of nqo1, bax, bcl-2, zo-1, n-cadherin, plzf and c-kit were significantly reduced(P<0.05). [Conclusions]Retinoic acid could improve testicular weight, testicular histomorphology, and epididymal sperm motility in heat-stressed mice. This protective effect may be achieved by increasing the antioxidant capacity of mouse testes, reducing germ cell apoptosis, enhancing the blood-testis barrier, and improving the spermatogenic microenvironment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the design of a small wave current circulating water channel and its control system and software. Through the integration of wave current circulating water channel test equipment and test technology resources, and based on the wave current circulating water channel, an innovative experimental teaching platform is built. According to the different measurement variables, the hydrodynamic model experiment of wave current circulating flume teaching experimental platform is classified into three categories such as the force measurement, displacement measurement and flow field measurement. The test schemes of various model experiments are introduced, and the operation difficulties and precautions of the three types of model experiments are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of China Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the property of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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