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旨在为孕产妇及其家庭提供科学而可靠的营养指导，综述了二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的类型，DHA对孕妇早期胎盘血管生成、胎盘炎症、先兆子痫、早产、产后抑郁的影响，并探讨了DHA对婴幼儿大脑发育、视网膜发育的影响及降低过敏性疾病风险的可能性。卵磷脂型DHA是目前人体补充DHA的最佳形式，DHA可通过促进妊娠早期胎盘血管的生成，降低胎盘炎症，降低先兆子痫风险，降低早产风险等方面影响妊娠结局，另外DHA可缓解产妇的抑郁症状，促进婴幼儿大脑神经发育、增强视网膜敏感度、降低过敏性疾病。因此，孕产妇与新生儿可按照人体所需剂量进行适当的DHA补充。 Aiming to provide scientific and reliable nutritional guidance for maternity and their families, the types of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the effects of DHA on maternal placental angiogenesis in early pregnancy, placental inflammation, preeclampsia, preterm birth, and postnatal depression were reviewed, and the effects of DHA on brain development, retinal development, and the possibility of lowering allergic diseases in infants and young children were explored. Lecithin-type DHA is currently the best form of DHA supplementation in the human body, and DHA can affect pregnancy outcomes by promoting placental angiogenesis in early pregnancy, reducing placental inflammation, lowering the risk of preeclampsia, and lowering the risk of preterm birth. In addition, DHA can alleviate depressive symptoms of maternity, promote neural development of the brain and retinal sensitivity, and reduce allergic diseases in infants and young children. Therefore, maternity and newborn babies can be properly supplemented with DHA in the doses required by the human body.

拉铆连接凭借其优秀的防松性能，被应用于越来越多的工程领域。为研究国产新型拉铆钉在剪切循环荷载作用下的松动性能，以应用最为广泛的螺栓连接为对照，分别对规格为8 mm的4.8级普通螺栓、4.8级防松螺栓以及小规格拉铆钉进行剪切循环荷载下的松动试验研究，分析了三类连接在剪切循环荷载作用下的松动过程，研究了荷载幅值和频率对螺栓连接和拉铆连接松动行为的影响。结合微观测试手段分析其损伤形貌，进一步研究剪切循环荷载下螺栓和拉铆钉的防松原理及微动损伤机制。研究表明：在同种工况下拉铆连接的防松性能优于螺栓连接的防松性能；当荷载幅值增大或荷载频率减小时，螺栓连接和拉铆连接的松动程度增大；相较于螺栓，拉铆钉独特的圆弧结构牙型和铆接成型后牙型配合面的过盈配合机制，使其防松性能有明显提升；螺栓与拉铆钉的磨损机制主要是磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损。

拉铆连接凭借其优秀的防松性能，被应用于越来越多的工程领域。为研究一种国产新型拉铆钉在剪切循环荷载作用下的松动性能，本文以应用最为广泛的螺栓连接为对照，分别对规格8mm的4.8级普通螺栓、4.8级防松螺栓以及小规格拉铆钉进行剪切循环荷载下的松动试验研究，分析了三类连接在剪切循环荷载作用下的松动过程，研究了荷载幅值和频率对螺栓连接和拉铆连接松动行为的影响。结合微观测试手段分析其损伤形貌，进一步研究剪切循环荷载下螺栓和拉铆钉的防松原理及微动损伤机制。研究表明：在同种工况下拉铆连接的防松性能优于螺栓连接；当荷载幅值增大或荷载频率减小时，螺栓连接和拉铆连接松动程度增加；拉铆钉独特的圆弧结构牙型和铆接成型后牙型配合面的过盈配合机制使其防松性能相较于螺栓有明显提升；螺栓与拉铆钉的磨损机制主要是磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损。

随着新能源接入电网比例的不断提高，新能源送端电网常规电源调峰能力不足造成的风电消纳受阻问题凸显，急需挖掘负荷的可调节潜力以增加对风电的消纳能力。蓄热电锅炉负荷具有可调节特性，通过合理的市场交易方法激励蓄热电锅炉企业参与调节成为消纳受阻风电的新途径。为此，提出了一种蓄热电锅炉负荷参与消纳受阻风电的主从博弈交易决策方法。首先分析了蓄热电锅炉负荷参与调控对消纳受阻风电的作用机理；其次对蓄热电锅炉负荷参与消纳风电的荷源双边收益以及主从博弈关系进行了研究；基于此，提出了蓄热电锅炉负荷参与消纳受阻风电的主从博弈交易决策方法；最后，采用某新能源送端电网荷源实际运行数据进行仿真分析，验证了所提决策方法可充分调动蓄热电锅炉企业参与消纳风电的积极性，从而有效提升风电消纳能力。

文章通过软件编程和调试,完成了基于数字信号处理（DSP）的偏振模色散（PMD）补偿逻辑控制模块的软件设计。详细介绍了系统的工作流程、软件及硬件结构,以及粒子群优化（PSO）算法模块在DSP系统中的应用,最后介绍了将该DSP系统应用到二阶PMD自适应补偿系统中进行验证的情况,结果表明,作者设计的DSP逻辑控制模块对一阶及二阶PMD补偿效果很好。

文章用OptiSystem模拟出了利用闲频光实现的全光波长变换。通过调整半导体光放大器（SOA）注入电流、SOA腔长、泵浦光与信号波的频率差、偏振、耦合器信号衰减与泵浦衰减等参数的值,获得了12 dB的变换效率。研究发现,利用闲频光实现的全光波长变换比利用变换光实现的全光波长变换有更好的稳定性。

通过推导由多段光纤构成的光纤链路中的四波混频（FWM）效率,找出了影响全光波长变换的FWM效率的因素,进而利用MATLAB软件成功模拟出任意多段光纤链路中的FWM效率。以由7段光纤组成的光纤链路为例,通过调节影响混频效率的各种参数的值,得到了获取最佳混频效率的参数取值范围,并可进一步获得稳定的波长变换效率。

在以往对全光波长变换的研究中,都是利用变换光实现波长变换,而利用闲频光的全光波长变换还没有相关报道。文章通过模拟耦合器衰减对全光波长变换的影响,发现在不同的泵浦光与信号光功率条件下,调节耦合器衰减可分别实现利用变换光的全光波长变换和利用闲频光的全光波长变换。

Copyright of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health is the property of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the clinical effects of cilvelestat sodium combined with airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) in the treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in children. METHODS: A total of 102 children with severe ARDS admitted into the hospital from May 2021 to May 2023 were prospectively selected and divided into the control group and study group according to the random number table method, with 51 cases in each group. The control group was given APRV+basic symptomatic treatment, while the study group received cilvelestat sodium + APRV + basic symptomatic treatment. The clinical signs and symptoms, clinical efficacy and complications, the lung function indicators, arterial blood gas indicators, and inflammatory factor levels before and after treatment were compared between two groups. RESULTS: The total effective rate of the study group was 94. 12% (48 / 51), significantly higher than that 80. 39% (41 / 51) of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0. 05). The mechanical ventilation time, disappearance time of shortness of breath, disappearance time of lung rales and length of stay in the study group were shorter than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0. 05). After 3 and 7 d of treatment, the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in both groups were higher than those before treatment, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was lower than that in the control group, and the change range of PaO2, SaO2 and PaCO2 in the study group was greater than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0. 05). After 3 and 7 d of treatment, the maximum expiratory pressure, peak expiratory flow rate, maximum inspiratory pressure, and maximum expiratory mid-flow rate in both groups increased compared with those before treatment, and the study group was higher than the control group; after 3 and 7 d of treatment, the levels of serum C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α, macrophage migration inhibitory factor-1, and interleukin-6 in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment, and the study group was lower than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). The incidence of complications in the study group was 5. 88% (3 / 51), lower than the 21. 57% (11 / 51) in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Cilvelestat sodium combined with APRV is effective in the treatment of severe ARDS in children, which can effectively inhibit the release of serum inflammatory factors, improve blood gas, clinical symptoms and lung function in children, and reduce the occurrence of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of galangin (Gal) on inflammation in hepatitis B rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group, hepatitis B group, Gal-L and Gal-H groups, positive drug lamivudine group and Gal-H+AMPK inhibitor (compound C) group with 12 in each. After modeling, medication treatment was performed once a day for 8 weeks. The level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL.) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum of rats were detected. HE staining microscopy was applied to detect pathological changes in liver tissue. TUNEL staining microscopy was applied to detect cell apoptosis în liver tissue. Chromatin immuno-precipitation was applied to detect HBV viral load in liver tissue. ELISA was applied to detect the levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1), interleukin-12(IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor-x(TNF-a) in liver tissue. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of caspase-3, Bel-2 associated X protein (Bax), p-AMPK and SIRTI proteins in liver tissue. Results Compared with hepatitis B group, the liver damage of rats in the Gal-L group, Gal-H group and lamivudine group was alleviated; The level of serum AST, TBIL, and ALT, apoptosis rate, HBV viral load and the level of MCP-1, IL-12, TNF-a as well as the expression of caspase-3 and Bax proteins in liver tissue were all reduced. The expression of p-AMPK and SIRT1 proteins in liver tissue increased (P<0.05). Compound C baffled inhibitory effects of high-dose Gal on inflammation, cell apoptosis, and HBV viral load in liver tissue of hepatitis B rats. Conclusions The mechanism of Gal in inhibiting inflammation, cell apoptosis and HBV virus replication in hepatitis B rats is potentially attributed to up-regulation of the AMPK/SIRTI pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing the mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus （HBV） is crucial for achieving HBV elimination. Launched in July 2015 at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing， China， the "Zero Hepatitis B Mother-to-Child Transmission Project" （Shield Project） is a public welfare initiative integrating scientific prevention and applied research and aims to perform standardized management of pregnant women with hepatitis B using the mobile application of "Shield Project"， in order to further reduce or eliminate the mother-to-child transmission of HBV. At present， the Shield Project has expanded nationwide， offering detailed implementation strategies， successful practices， and reliable data to support the global effort to eliminate the mother-to-child transmission of HBV. This article introduces the implementation strategies and outcomes of the Shield Project in four representative cases， in order to provide strong evidence for further understanding and preventing the mother-to-child transmission of HBV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objective To compare the efficacy of Da Vinci robot-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted modified Soave with short muscular cuff anastomosis procedures for classical Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). Methods From January 2021 to December 2023, 60 HSCR children undergoing operations were retrospectively reviewed. According to operative techniques, they were assigned into two groups of robot ( n=25) and laparoscopy ( n=35). Operative age, body weight, operative duration, anal dissection time, intraoperative volume of blood loss, hospitalization stay length and hospitalization expense were recorded. Incidence of postoperative enterocolitis and anastomotic complications (anastomotic obstruction, anastomotic leakage & rectovaginal fistula) were compared between two groups. Postoperative defecation control status was tracked through defecation scoring system. Results Between robot and laparoscopic groups, dissection duration (20.2±3.3 vs.33.1±5.6 min), intraoperative volume of blood loss (11.0±6.0 vs.16.9±13.2 ml), hospitalization expense [(46±3) vs.(38±6) thousand yuan)], incidence of anastomotic complications [(0%, 0/25) vs.(17.1%, 6/35)], defecation frequency [(2.4±0.8) vs.(3.4±1.2)], soiling frequency [(0.72±0.73) vs.(1.4±0.9)]and postoperative defecation function score [(7.7±0.9) vs.(6.8±0.9)]. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). However, operative duration, hospitalization stay length and incidence of enterocolitis were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions As compared with laparoscopic-assisted approach, Da Vinci robot-assisted modified Soave with short muscular cuff anastomosis can shorten operative duration of anal dissection, lower the incidence of anastomotic complications and improve defecation function in HSCR children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Oilfield Chemistry is the property of Sichuan University, Oilfield Chemistry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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This study focused on the natural birch forest (Betula platyphylla) in the Daxing'an Mountains of Yakeshi Forestry Administration in Inner Mongolia. Using 198 sample plots, the relationship between carbon density in the natural birch forest stand and various stand variables was analyzed. A basic model for predicting carbon density was established, incorporating site conditions (grass birch forest, rhododendron-vaccinium birch forest, hazelnut birch forest) as dummy variables to predict stand carbon density across different forest types. This paper offered insights and methodologies for constructing carbon density models and advancing forest carbon sequestration in forestry research. The results showed that the determination coefficient (R²) for the basic model of carbon density in the natural birch forest was 0. 703, root mean square error (RMSE) was 8. 615 t/hm-2, Akaike information criterion (AIC) was 841. 206, and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) was 851. 071. After site conditions were introduced as dummy variables, R2 increased to a maximum of 0. 818, and RMSE were all less than or equal to 8. 241 t/hm-2, indicating that the model had good stability and the predicted parameters were more accurate. AIC for the dummy variable model was less than or equal to 541. 431, and BIC was less than or equal to 550. 320. The dummy variable model can reflect the change of carbon density under different site conditions, and both the fitting and testing of the model show that it is suitable for the prediction of forest carbon density in the study area, which pro⁃ vides a reference for the estimation of natural birch forest carbon density [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injuries deaths among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 and provide insight in formulating interventions to prevent accidental deaths among children and adolescents. Methods Analyze the distribution of gender, age groups, and cause of death in injury deaths among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022. χ² test was used to compare the mortality differences between genders, age groups and years. The Joinpoint regression method was used to analyze the trend of child and adolescent mortality. Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) was used to describe trends. Results The average mortality of children and adolescents aged 5一19 in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 was 10. 86/100000, with a standardized mortality of 11. 01/100000, which accounted for 53. 86% of the total deaths among children and adolescents. The mortality of males is 2. 00 times higher than that of females (χ² = 76, 77, P < 0. 001). During the past 8 years, there was no change in injuries mortality among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province AAPC (95% C/) -4. 21% (-11.06%-- -2.66%) (P > 0. 05). The top two causes of death in injuries among children and adolescents are road injuries and drowning, which accounted for 57.87% of the total deaths among children and adolescents. The average annual death rate of road traffic accidents in the general population and men in 2015--2019 was higher than that in 2020 - 2022 (P <0. 05). The average annual death rate from falls in the general population and women was lower in 2015--2019 than in 2020--2022 (P <0. 05). The mortality of injuries increased with age groups, with the highest in 15--19 age group (χ² = 21. 12, P < 0. 001). The road traffic accident and suicide death rates were the highest in the 15一19 age group (P <0.05). Conclusion The main causes of death in injuries among children and adolescents aged 5-19 in Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 are road injuries and drowning. The mortality in injuries is higher in male than female. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken based on the characteristics of mortality in injuries among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Inorganic Chemicals Industry is the property of Editorial Office of Inorganic Chemicals Industry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chemical Engineering of Oil & Gas / Shi You Yu Tian Ran Qi Hua Gong is the property of PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

China possesses abundant shale geological reserves and a high concentration of resources in the coastal transition zone. However, drilling operations in this area are susceptible to wall collapse and instability, creating significant risks. This study investigates the mineral composition and microstructure of reservoir rocks through drilling core observation, electron microscopy, CT scanning, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The findings reveal that the shale gas reservoir is predominantly composed of quartz and clay minerals, with a clay mineral content of 45.7%. Notably, montmorillonite is absent, while kaolinite represents 35%, and the illite/montmorillonite mixed layer accounts for 26% of the clay minerals. The rock samples exhibit nano-scale pore development, micro-crack formation with widths in the micron range, and interconnected narrow cracks. Analysis of alterations in interlayer spacing, surface tension, linear expansion rate, and crack expansion after rock-fluid interaction unveils that shale in the coastal transition zone solely undergoes surface hydration, offering insights into the mechanisms of rock-fluid interaction in shale gas reservoirs. Consequently, a high-performance water-based drilling fluid system specifically designed for the coastal transition zone shale gas reservoir is formulated, encompassing the selection of water-based drilling fluid inhibitors, plugging agents, and lubricants. The system is subsequently subject to comprehensive laboratory evaluation, which substantiates its exceptional performance in terms of conventional properties, inhibitory effects, sealing capabilities, and lubrication. It demonstrates a temperature tolerance of up to 100 ℃, experiences a fluid loss of merely 6 mL under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, exhibits a shale swelling rate of 1.03%, possesses an overall drilling fluid lubrication coefficient of less than 0.15, reduces API filtration loss by 40% compared to the base slurry after 30 min, and effectively seals micro-cracks in the reservoir formations. Additionally, the system demonstrates a low level of biotoxicity, with an EC50 value of 37,260 mg/L. It can meet the requirements of drilling fluid performance for transitional shale gas drilling operations between sea and land, and has been applied on site with good sealing and anti-collapse effects. This research addressing the considerable technical challenge of wall instability in the coastal transition zone shale wells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods is the property of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Petroleum Machinery is the property of China Petroleum Machinery Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Natural Gas & Oil is the property of Editorial Department of Natural Gas & Oil and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)