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近年来，360度视频、增强现实、虚拟现实等应用蓬勃发展，并逐渐形成元宇宙沉浸式体验新模式。这些新服务和应用具有高保真、沉浸式交互等共同特征。而作为一种新兴架构范式，边缘计算有效支持了这些需求。阐述释放边缘计算潜力支持沉浸式元宇宙体验的关键，包括AI驱动的内容生成；提出一种精度与延迟感知的模型推理框架，实现自适应深度学习模型部署和数据流推理，支撑用户体验感知的元宇宙服务与应用。

针对电动汽车（electric vehicle，EV）大规模接入电网充电造成的过载风险问题，提出了计及预测负荷和用户需求差异的电动汽车实时优化策略。首先，根据签约与否将入网EV分为签约用户和非签约用户，通过分析实际场景将非签约用户纳入为需求响应对象，并根据用户的充电需求差异将其分为不同类别并建立相应的模型。其次，引入非签约用户响应概率与补偿电价的关系模型，建立聚合商和用户的补贴机制，根据电网需求和各类用户潜力制定各时段的实时调度方案。然后以配电网控制目标功率为约束，以聚合商盈利增比和用户平均收益增比为综合优化目标，采用粒子群算法分时段求解参与需求响应的EV充电功率。最后，经过多组仿真分析，证明了所提优化策略在削减负荷峰值的同时可以兼顾聚合商和用户的收益，验证了所提实时调度策略的有效性以及适用性。

目的本文旨在对比全数字化乳腺摄影（FFDM），数字乳腺断层摄影（DBT）及动态增强磁共振成像（DCE-MRI）对不同腺体中乳腺肿物的诊断效能。方法回顾性分析49例同时行FFDM、DBT及MRI检查的乳腺病变患者的56个病灶，依据FFDM将乳腺分为非致密型与致密型，分别依据FFDM、DBT及MRI对乳腺病变进行BI-RADS分级，4a级及以下定义为良性，4b级及以上定义为恶性。所有病人均行手术或活检获取病理诊断作为金标准。采用kappa一致性检验与受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线对比FFDM、DBT与MRI在不同腺体类型中对乳腺肿物的诊断效能。结果在全部乳腺腺体中，MRI诊断（kappa = 0.66）与病理诊断一致性高于DBT（kappa = 0.44），而FFDM诊断与病理无显著一致性（kappa = 0.14），在非致密型乳腺中，MRI诊断（kappa = 0.88）与病理诊断一致性高于DBT（kappa = 0.51），而FFDM诊断与病理无显著一致性（kappa = 0.18）。在致密型乳腺中，MRI诊断（kappa = 0.54）与病理诊断一致性高于DBT（kappa = 0.37），而FFDM诊断与病理诊断无显著一致性（kappa = 0.10）。在全部乳腺腺体中，MRI、DBT与FFDM对乳腺肿物的诊断效能逐渐减低（AUC = 0.83、 0.73、 0.58）。具体表现为MRI、DBT与FFDM诊断乳腺肿物的特异度依次升高（77%、 82%、 86%），灵敏度依次降低（88%、 65%、 29%）。在非致密型乳腺中，MRI、DBT与FFDM对乳腺肿物的诊断效能逐渐减低（AUC = 0.97、 0.84、 0.66）。具体表现为，MRI诊断乳腺肿物的灵敏度（94%）高于DBT（69%）高于FFDM（31%）。在致密型乳腺中，MRI、DBT与FFDM对乳腺肿物的诊断效能逐渐减低（AUC = 0.77、 0.69、 0.55）。具体表现为，MRI、DBT与FFDM诊断乳腺肿物的特异度依次升高（71%、 76%、 82%），灵敏度依次降低（83%、 61%、 28%）。结论无论在致密型还是非致密型乳腺中，FFDM的诊断效能均最低。在非致密型乳腺中，MRI的诊断效能高于DBT。在致密型乳腺中，DBT诊断特异度高于MRI，具有一定的优势。

概述了联邦可视化的概念、框架、方法与应用。联邦可视化框架能够在不进行数据整合的情况下，针对具体任务和特定场景进行加密训练，得出反映全体数据特征的可视化模型。联邦可视化是联邦学习框架在可视化领域的拓展应用，主要强调在保障数据隐私的前提下，互利共赢的联邦协作方式在对多数据源数据进行可视分析方面的应用，以打破各领域、各行业的数据壁垒，实现数据与知识的共享。

为了降低紫外光通信中多径色散效应对系统性能的影响,提高传输信道抗干扰能力,选用分离双脉冲位置调制（SDPPM）方案完成紫外光通信系统的设计。该调制方式脉冲相互分离,具有较强的抗干扰能力,可有效解决码间串扰问题。通过对SDPPM符号结构的分析,基于现场可编程门阵列对SDPPM调制解调系统进行设计,特别对解调系统的帧同步做了详细说明。使用甚高速集成电路硬件描述语言在ISE 14.7软件上完成代码编写,并用Modelsim 10.1a进行了时序仿真,进一步验证了调制方案的可行性。

针对光纤密集波分复用系统的增益平坦和带宽问题,提出用多波长泵浦组合的方式增加带宽,通过级联光纤使得拉曼光纤放大器的增益平坦。利用不同波长的多泵浦同时抽运同种光纤,增加信号光的传输带宽,采用线性拟合拉曼增益谱的方式使得拉曼光纤放大器的光信号实现前放大后补偿,在输出端获得较大的光输出信号功率,得到了良好的增益平坦度,并且传输带宽比单泵浦抽运时增大一倍。仿真结果表明:平均放大信号光功率为6.2 mW,平均增益为24.48dB,增益平坦度为0.08dB,传输带宽为25.6nm。为增益平坦型宽带光纤拉曼放大器提供了一种新的实现方法。

基于FTN（超Nyquist）方案是一种高频谱效率传输方案。文章总结了目前国际上最新的基于FTN传输方案:级联多模盲均衡FTN、数字FTN和SOFTN（软输出FTN）。其中,级联多模盲均衡FTN方案能有效地抑制噪声和信道间串扰,数字FTN方案能有效地简化系统结构,而SOFTN方案的频谱效率最高。对这三种方案的性能和原理进行了详细分析和比较,以期作为未来长距离、大容量光纤通信系统设计的依据。

在长距离光通信系统中,采用高阶外调制和相干接收技术来提高系统总的传输容量。但是在短距离光通信系统中更倾向于使用低成本的直接调制-直接检测技术,此时,要实现高速、大容量传输就必须采用多电平调制。目前国际上主流的调制方案有三种:PAM（脉冲幅度调制）、DD-OFDM（直接检测-正交频分复用）调制和CAP（无载波幅度相位）调制,文章对这三种方案的原理与性能进行了分析与比较,希望以此作为未来短距离大容量光通信系统设计的依据。

为了更深入了解金属蒙皮支撑连续檩条在整体蒙皮结构中所起的作用,为今后我国对连续檩条以及蒙皮结构的设计、计算提供依据,通过足尺模型试验和有限元模型的分析,研究了蒙皮支撑冷弯薄壁连续型钢檩条模拟风吸力作用的承载力。利用有限元程序ANSYS建立了带有非线性弹簧单元模拟自攻螺钉这一符合实际连接状况的有限元模型,与足尺试验模型的失稳模式、荷载-位移曲线、连接强度以及连接刚度的规律等相对比,验证了有限元模型的合理性、有效性及适用性。

利用自行编制的光纤分析软件数值研究了光纤结构缺陷对传输特性的影响 .研究结果对光纤传输特性的理解和光纤制备工艺的控制有一定的指导意义

介绍光纤分析的数值基础和程序设计过程 ,并给出最后软件 .文中利用该软件设计分析了新型的三抛物线型光纤的传输特性

阐述了非线性光环路镜 （ NOLM）的基本原理 .通过研究它的光学特性 ,我们发现 ,由于自相位调制 （ SPM） ,NOLM有压缩光脉冲脉宽的功能 .因为光的克尔效应是瞬时的 （ 2～4fs） ,所以 NOLM的这种功能在高速光纤通信系统中有潜在的应用前景 .

[目的]探讨皮肤干细胞诱导分化为结膜上皮细胞,为组织工程结膜探索一种新型的种子细胞,为严重眼表疾病的治疗奠定基础。[方法]在体外培养纯化鉴定恒河猴皮肤干细胞,并用Hoechst 33342标记,标记后的皮肤干细胞与结膜上皮细胞进行Transwell非接触共培养10d,然后对诱导后的细胞用细胞免疫化学以及流式细胞术检测结膜上皮细胞的特异性表面标志,包括角蛋白4和粘蛋白4,同时检测细胞的Hoechst 33342表达情况。[结果]纯化后的皮肤干细胞比例接近90%。Hoechst 33342标记后的皮肤干细胞胞核显示蓝色荧光。在与结膜上皮细胞共培养10d后,皮肤干细胞显示结膜上皮细胞的标志粘蛋白4和角蛋白4阳性,流式细胞术检测阳性细胞比例分别为49.9%和95.6%,同时细胞还显示胞核的Hoechst 33342表达。[结论]灵长类动物恒河猴的皮肤干细胞,在体外的适宜条件下,可诱导分化为有结膜上皮细胞特征的细胞。

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The modernization of primary and secondary school teachers' teaching competence means that teaching is moving towards human nature, informatization, democratization, innovation and lifelong learning. Whether their teaching competence can fully display modernity is closely related to the construction of a high quality teacher team in China. However, in practice, primary and secondary school teachers' awareness and application of teaching informatization is relatively low, the democratic nature of teaching is limited by multiple environments and subjects, the practice of innovative teaching methods and models is in-effective, and teachers' own initiative and driving force for lifelong development is insufficient. In this regard, it is necessary to flexibly implement the grass-roots implementation of policies related to education informatization, rationally position the role of teachers as "educators" and students as " learners", build professional learning organizations for teachers to promote their innovative practice level, and formulate teaching competence development plans covering the whole life cycle of teachers' career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone metabolic disease characterised by degradation of bone microstructure and decrease in bone mass and bone mineral density (BMD), manifested by increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. PANoptosis is a unique inflammatory programmed cell death (PCD) process that has been newly established in recent years and involves interactions and crosstalk between cellular pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, which possesses the key features of both pyroptosis, apoptosis, and/or necroptosis but cannot be separately identified by any of the three programmed cell death pathways. cell death pathways alone. In recent years, domestic and international studies have mainly investigated the relationship between cellular pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necrotic apoptosis and OP mechanisms, while the mechanism of pan-apoptosis in relation to the pathophysiological process of OP has been less explored. The aim of this review is to explore the potential link between pan-apoptosis and the pathogenesis of OP and to find potential targets for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Aldol reaction is a key and challenging topic in the foundational organic chemistry course. In our teaching practice, we have found that explaining the principles of the Aldol reaction based on its reversibility and providing mechanism problems can effectively deepen students’ understanding and awareness of the Aldol reaction, thus enhancing the teaching effectiveness. In this article, we share three typical examples of rearrangement reactions based on reversible Aldol reactions, which can serve as references for teachers and students in their teaching and learning endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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